提前预留输尿管支架对输尿管软镜下治疗上尿路结石手术效果的影响分析

目的分析提前预留输尿管支架对输尿管软镜下处理上尿路结石手术效果的影响。方法回顾性分析212例2016年1至2018年12月期间于我科行输尿管软镜联合钬激光治疗上尿路结石患者的临床资料,根据患者术前是否预留输尿管支架分为预留组(124例)和未预留组(88例)。比较两组患者的手术效果。结果预留组患者输尿管软镜输送鞘(UAS)置入率明显高于未预留组(P0.05);预留组患者手术时间为(56.54±8.21min),明显少于未预留组的(58.34±6.50min)(P0.05);预留组患者结石残余率为(12.9%),明显低于未预留组的25%(P0.05);两组患者均未发生严重不良反应。结论提前预留输尿管支架有利于UAS的置入,可以缩短患者的手术时间,提高患者术后残石率。     

输尿管软镜碎石术与经皮肾镜碎石术治疗 直径≤2 cm肾结石的临床疗效对比

目的 比较输尿管软镜碎石术（FURS）与经皮肾镜碎石术（PCNL）治疗直径≤2 cm肾结石患者的临床疗效,为≤2 cm肾结石患者选择合适的治疗方法提供依据。方法 选取2017年7月~2018年7月来我院就诊的160例直径≤2 cm的肾结石患者为研究对象,按手术方式分为FURS组和PCNL组,每组80例。对比两组的手术时间、术中出血量、手术成功率、住院时间、住院费用、碎石成功率以及并发症发生率。结果 FURS组平均手术时间少于PCNL组[（45.05±12.89）min vs （65.95±14.63）min],术中出血量、住院时间及费用均低于PCNL组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。FURS组和PCNL组的手术成功率分别为95.00%和92.50%,结石清除率分别为90.79%和87.84%,差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。FURS组术后并发症发生率低于PCNL组（5.26% vs 17.57%）,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 治疗直径≤2 cm的肾结石,FURS和PCNL两种手术方式均具有较高的结石清除率,但PCNL的术后并发症发生率更高,相比PCNL,FURS具有术中出血量少、住院时间短以及住院费用低等优势,因此FURS是治疗直径≤2 cm肾结石更好的手术选择。     

经直肠诊断输尿管盆段结石与灌肠排石疗法的疗效分析

目的 探讨经直肠彩色多普勒超声诊断输尿管盆段结石与灌肠排石疗法的临床应用价值。方法 彩色多普勒经直肠或阴道检查输尿管盆段结石，并用温盐水灌肠。结果 73例患，经直肠检查64例，经阴道检查9例，其中输尿管盆段结石67例，输尿管盆段肿瘤6例。67例输尿管盆段结石均行灌肠排石疗法，9例灌肠后结石当日排出，47例输尿管盆段结石疼痛立即缓解，周内结石排出，11例排石失败行手术取石。结论：经直肠或阴道检查输尿管盆段结石，方法简单，定位准确，是诊断输尿管盆段病变的可靠途径。灌肠疗法对输尿管盆段结石治疗具有重要的临床应用价值。     

组合式输尿管软镜治疗孤立肾输尿管上段结石

目的探讨使用F8组合式输尿管软镜联合钬激光处理孤立肾输尿管上段结石的临床价值。方法孤立肾输尿管上段结石患者26例,其中左侧结石12例,右侧结石14例。结石直径0.6~2.2 cm,平均直径为(1.38±0.22)cm。采用F8"铂立"输尿管软镜联合钬激光进行碎石。术后常规留置F6 D-J管4周,留置导尿1周。术后1 d查腹部平片(KUB)。结果 23例一次顺利置入输尿管导引鞘,2例留置D-J管2周后二次软镜碎石成功,1例D-J管头端未越过结石,仍无法逆行输尿管软镜碎石,改经皮肾通道顺行输尿管软镜碎石成功。一次碎石成功率88.5%(23/26),二次碎石成功率100%(26/26)。手术时间15~45 min平均(27±3.2)min。术中输尿管穿孔1例,术后感染1例。结论采用F8组合式输尿管软镜处理孤立肾输尿管上段结石安全、微创、有效,可作为治疗孤立肾输尿管上段结石的首选方式。     

经直肠诊断输尿管盆段结石与灌肠排石疗法的疗效分析

目的　探讨经直肠彩色多普勒超声诊断输尿管盆段结石与灌肠排石疗法的临床应用价值。方法　彩色多普勒经直肠或阴道检查输尿管盆段结石 ,并用温盐水灌肠。结果　 73例患者 ,经直肠检查 6 4例 ,经阴道检查 9例 ,其中输尿管盆段结石 6 7例 ,输尿管盆段肿瘤 6例。 6 7例输尿管盆段结石均行灌肠排石疗法 ,9例灌肠后结石当日排出 ,47例输尿管盆段结石疼痛立即缓解 ,周内结石排出 ,11例排石失败行手术取石。结论 :经直肠或阴道检查输尿管盆段结石 ,方法简单 ,定位准确 ,是诊断输尿管盆段病变的可靠途径。灌肠疗法对输尿管盆段结石治疗具有重要的临床应用价值     

输尿管软镜与经皮肾镜碎石术在治疗肾结石中的对比分析

目的：探讨输尿管软镜与经皮肾镜碎石术在肾结石治疗中的临床效果对比。方法从我院2010年1月~2012年1月接收并治疗的肾结石患者中抽取126例,随机分为对照组和观察组,观察组使用输尿管软镜治疗,对照组使用经皮肾镜碎石术进行治疗,对比分析两者治疗效果。结果观察组患者治疗效果显著,总有效率达到95.2%,明显高于对照组的74.6%。结论在肾结石患者的治疗过程中,对于结石直径在20mm以下的,采用输尿管软镜效果较好,而结石直径在20mm以上的,适合使用经皮肾镜碎石术进行治疗。而当患者具有凝血功能以及解剖结构异常、穿刺困难、肾功能不全情况时,无论结石直径是否大于20mm,均当选用输尿管软镜治疗。     

术前留置输尿管支架管对输尿管软镜碎石术疗效的影响

目的 探讨术前留置输尿管支架管对输尿管软镜碎石术治疗肾或输尿管上段结石临床疗效的影响。方法 选取2018年10月至2021年7月于北京市海淀医院泌尿外科接受输尿管软镜联合钬激光碎石的肾或输尿管上段结石患者256例,根据术前是否留置输尿管支架管分为实验组(n=192)和对照组(n=64),实验组又根据支架管留置时间长短分为长期组(14 d,n=64)和短期组(7 d,n=128)。记录各组一期手术成功率、手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、术后并发症发生率及结石清除率,并进行比较分析。结果 对照组的手术时间及术中出血量明显高于实验组,组间比较有显著差异(P<0.001)。留置支架管短期组的住院时间较长期组短(P<0.001),但手术时间及术中出血量明显高于长期组(P<0.001)。对照组的一期手术成功率和结石清除率均低于实验组(P<0.05),并发症高于实验组(P<0.001)。留置支架管短期组与长期组的结石清除率无显著差异,不过短期组的手术并发症发生率明显高于长期组(P<0.05)。结论 术前留置输尿管支架管可以提高手术成功率、结石清除率,降低手术并发症...     

第五代快捷定位电磁式体外冲击波碎石机治疗225例输尿管结石的疗效分析

目的 观察第五代快捷定位电磁式体外冲击波碎石机治疗输尿管结石的临床效果.方法 我院225例输尿管结石患者(输尿管上段结石83例,输尿管中段结石52例及输尿管下段结石90例)均采用第五代快捷定位电磁式体外冲击波碎石机治疗.结果 输尿菅上段结石排石优良率为97.6%,输尿管中段结石排石优良率为92.3%,输尿管下段结石排石优良率为100.0%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);患者均元严重不良反应发生.结论 第五代快捷定位电磁式体外冲击波碎石机治疗输尿管结石临床效果满意,值得临床关注.     

第五代快捷定位电磁式体外冲击波碎石机治疗225例输尿管结石的疗效分析

目的观察第五代快捷定位电磁式体外冲击波碎石机治疗输尿管结石的临床效果。方法我院225例输尿管结石患者（输尿管上段结石83例,输尿管中段结石52例及输尿管下段结石90例）均采用第五代快捷定位电磁式体外冲击波碎石机治疗。结果输尿管上段结石排石优良率为97.6%,输尿管中段结石排石优良率为92.3%,输尿管下段结石排石优良率为100.0%,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;患者均无严重不良反应发生。结论第五代快捷定位电磁式体外冲击波碎石机治疗输尿管结石临床效果满意,值得临床关注。     

输尿管硬镜气压弹道碎石治疗输尿管结石疗效分析

目的 探讨输尿管镜气压弹道碎石术治疗输尿管结石的疗效.方法 采用输尿管硬镜气压弹道碎石治疗输尿管结石280例.其中结石位于输尿管上段24例,中段74例,下段182例.结果 输尿管镜上段、中段、下段结石碎石成功率分别45.8%,67.6%,95.5%.结论 输尿管硬镜气压弹道碎石治疗输尿管中下段结石方法安全、有效,创伤小,可作为治疗输尿管中下段结石的首选方法.     

上尿路结石致重度肾积水的临床治疗（附27例报道）

目的探讨上尿路结石致重度肾积水的临床治疗及最大可能保肾的可行性。方法 27例上尿路结石均致患侧重度肾积水,其中输尿管中下段结石12例,肾盂出口及输尿管上端结石8例,肾脏多发结石5例,肾脏多发结石伴输尿管结石2例;27例患者中,6例伴有对侧上尿路结石,采用经尿道输尿管镜,开放性肾切除、经皮肾穿刺造瘘及经皮肾输尿管镜等治疗手段。结果3例行肾切除,其余24例均成功处理结石并保肾成功。结论对于上尿路结石致重度肾积水患者,可结合尿动力学检查,在安全膀胱情况下尽可能保肾。     

杜冷丁镇痛在气压弹道碎石术治疗输尿管中、下段结石中的应用

目的探讨杜冷丁镇痛在经输尿管镜气压弹道碎石术治疗输尿管中、下段结石中的可行性并总结其应用经验。方法分析经经输尿管镜气压弹道碎石术治疗输尿管中、下段结石229例的临床资料。对比分析杜冷丁镇痛组（86例）与麻醉组（143例）的总体疗效及并发症发生率。结果总体碎石成功率92．1％（211／229），其中杜冷丁组91．8％（79／86），与麻醉组92．3％（132／143）相比无差异（P〉0．05）；杜冷丁组手术总时间，住院天数，治疗费用小于对照组（P〈0．05）。经输尿管镜气压弹道碎石术术后主要并发症为血尿、肾绞痛，以及泌尿系感染、输尿管穿孔、输尿管狭窄，两组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），经保守治疗或腔内手术后均治愈。结论经输尿管镜气压弹道碎石术是输尿管中、下段结石的理想治疗方法；杜冷丁镇痛及麻醉均为保证手术顺利进行的重要辅助措施；其中杜冷丁镇痛可以缩短手术总时间，减少住院天数及治疗费用，值得在临床推广应用。     

Structural and functional modification of hollow organs (urinary bladder and stomach) in vibration syndrome

Exposure to total and local vibration leads to the formation of specific forms of hollow organ diseases: vibration cystopathy and gastropathy. Their characteristic signs are organ dysfunction, thinned wall, atrophy of the mucosa, reduction of the capillary bed, and degenerative atrophic changes in the epithelium, associated with reduction of the protein-producing function and focal metaplasia. Vibration cysto-and gastropathies are systemic manifestations of microangio-and visceropathies of vibration origin. __________ Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 142, No. 12, pp. 693–697, December, 2006     

双侧上尿路梗阻致肾功能不全200例分析

目的探讨双侧上尿路梗阻引起肾功能不全的诊断和治疗。方法对我院收治的200例双侧上尿路梗阻引起肾功能不全患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果农村患者发病比例为86%,明显高于城镇患者（P〈0.05）。最主要的梗阻原因是尿路结石。用输尿管插管、经皮肾穿刺造瘘和手术方法及早引流,解除梗阻,治愈88.5%,好转11.5%,平均住院26.55 d,血BUN、Cr恢复正常平均22.85 d,术后第7天总体血BUN、Cr分别下降73.35%和57.25%。结论双侧上尿路梗阻引起肾功能不全是泌尿外科的急重症,尽早解除梗阻有利于肾功能的恢复。     

Prediction of physical activity level in adulthood by physical characteristics,physical performance and physical activity in adolescence: an 11-year follow-up study

The purpose of the study was to investigate to what extent the physical activity pattern in adulthood can be predicted by physical characteristics, performance and activity in adolescence. A group of 62 men and 43 women completed a questionnaire concerning physical activity during their leisure time at the ages of 16 and 27 years. An activity index produced from the questionnaire. At the age of 16 years, the subjects were also tested for strength (strength test battery) and running performance (9-min run). Maximal oxygen uptake ( ) was estimated from a submaximal test and a muscle biopsy specimen was taken and analysed for fibre types (percentages of types I, IIA, 1113). The proportion of subjects engaged in some kind of physical activity during their leisure time was approximately 70% among the women and 80% among the men at both ages. The time spent on physical activity (minutes per week) decreased with age for the men but not for the women. The women devoted less time. to physical activity than the men both at age 16 and 27 years. The attitude to endurance activities had changed to a more positive attitude among the women and to a less positive attitude among the men at age 27 years. The aerobic potential ( and percentage of type I fibre), running performance, strength performance, physical activity and marks in physical education at age 16 years explained 82% of the physical activity level in adulthood for the women and 47% for the men. The aerobic potential at age 16 years alone explained 31% of the adult physical activity level in the women and 24% in the men. Strength performance, physical activity and marks in physical education at age 16 years further increased the predictive value for the physical activity level in adulthood for the women but not for the men. It is suggested that the major portion of the variation in physical activity level in adult women, but not in the adult men, could be predicted from physical characteristics, physical performance, and the activity level in adolescence.     

The First 100 Cases of Endoscopic Combined Intrarenal Surgery in Korea: Matched Cohort Analyses versus Shock-Wave Lithotripsy

PurposeThis study presents our initial experience with endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery (ECIRS) for large renal stones and compares the results of a propensity score-matched cohort of patients undergoing shock-wave lithotripsy (SWL).Materials and MethodsA total of 100 adults underwent ECIRS for renal stones between August 2017 and January 2019. For comparison, 2172 patients who underwent a first session of SWL between January 2005 and May 2018 were included in the SWL cohort. Propensity score matching was performed using maximal stone length (MSL), mean stone density (MSD), and stone heterogeneity index (SHI) scores. Stone-free rate (SFR) and success rate were compared between ECIRS and SWL.ResultsIn the ECIRS group, the mean MSL, mean MSD, and mean SHI were 28.7±15.2 mm, 1013.9±360.0 Hounsfield units (HU), 209.4±104.0 HU, respectively. The SFR was 70%, and the success rate was 82.0% in this group. Although the ECIRS group had larger, harder, and more homogeneous stones than the SWL group, ECIRS showed a higher SFR and success rate than SWL. After propensity-score matching, SFR and success rate remained higher with ECIRS than with SWL (both, p<0.001). In multivariate logistic regression, smaller stone size [odds ratio (OR): 0.947, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.913–0.979, p=0.002] and lower Seoul National University Renal Stone Complexity score (OR: 0.759, 95% CI: 0.610–0.935, p=0.011) were independent predictors of successful ECIRS.ConclusionECIRS showed a higher SFR and success rate than SWL for large renal stones. Smaller stone size and lower complexity of stones were associated with a higher likelihood of successful ECIRS.     

Modifications of serum glycoproteins the days following a prolonged physical exercise and the influence of physical training

Summary Eight male subjects (mean age 24.1±2.6 years) performed at intervals of 2 weeks successively a 3 h and two 2 h runs of different running speed. The days following the running there were moderate elevations of C-reactive protein, haptoglobin, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, coeruloplasmin, transferrin, alpha-1-antitrypsin and plasminogen. There were small or no changes of albumin, alpha-2-macroglobulin and hemopexin. The elevations of the acute phase reactants were examined in three male subjects following a 2 h run before and after an endurance training period of 9 weeks. This demonstrated a decreased acute phase response after training as illustrated by the changes of C-reactive protein, haptoglobin and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein in spite of higher posttraining running speeds. Well-trained athletes have elevated levels of the serum protease inhibitors alpha-1-antitrypsin, alpha-2-macroglobulin and C₁-inhibitor. These antiproteolytic glycoproteins might limit exercise-induced inflammatory reactions.This research was supported by the Bundesinstitut für Sportwissenschaften (Köln-Lövenich)     

Risk for losing physical independence in older adults: The role of sedentary time,light, and moderate to vigorous physical activity

This study examined the association of a range of physical activity intensities and sedentary behavior with the risk of losing physical independence later in life in community-dwelling older adults. A total of 131 males and 240 females, aged 65–103 years, were enrolled. Physical activity (PA) and sedentary time were assessed with accelerometers and the risk for losing physical independence in later years was assessed with the self-reported composite physical function (CPF) scale adjusted for age. Participants were divided in two groups – high risk group (HRG) and low risk group (LRG), according current CPF. According to the multiple logistic regression analyses, sedentary time was not a significant predictor. The odds of a male participant being in the LRG were 12.19 times higher than those of a female (95% CI 5.06–29.39). Both, light PA (OR = 1.01; 95% CI 1.01–1.02) and MVPA (OR = 1.432; 95% CI 1.21–1.69) had a significant main effect on the risk of losing physical independence. Age and gender interacted with moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) to predict the risk of losing physical independence. Thus, as age increases, participants that are more physically active became less likely (OR = 0.997; 95% CI 0.995–0.999) to be in the HRG than younger participants. Similarly, the odds of a physically active women being physical independent in later life are higher (OR = 0.94; 95% CI 0.91–0.96) than those of a physically active men. These new findings suggest that light PA, and MVPA are significantly associated with the risk of losing physical independence later in life, and age and gender combined with MVPA have an interaction effect on physical independence of older adults.     

Effects of physical exercise therapy on mobility, physical functioning, physical activity and quality of life in community-dwelling older adults with impaired mobility, physical disability and/or multi-morbidity: a meta-analysis

This is the first meta-analysis focusing on elderly patients with mobility problems, physical disability and/or multi-morbidity. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of physical exercise therapy on mobility, physical functioning, physical activity and quality of life. A broad systematic literature search was performed in the databases PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, PEDro and The Cochrane Library. Relevant study characteristics were reviewed and meta-analyses using standardized mean differences (SMDs) were performed. The results show that physical exercise therapy has a positive effect on mobility (SMD final value: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.30; SMD change value: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.54, 1.10) and physical functioning (SMD final value: 0.27; 95% CI: 0.08, 0.46; SMD change value: 2.93; 95% CI: 2.50, 3.36). High-intensity exercise interventions seem to be somewhat more effective in improving physical functioning than low-intensity exercise interventions (SMD final value: 0.22; 95% CI: −0.17, 0.62; SMD change value: 0.38; 95% CI: −0.48, 1.25). These positive effects are of great value for older adults who are already physically impaired. The effect on physical activity and quality of life was not evident and no definite conclusions on the most effective type of physical exercise therapy intervention can be drawn.     

体外冲击波和经皮肾镜气压弹道对复杂性泌尿系统结石治疗中的应用分析

目的 比较经皮肾镜气压弹道碎石术与体外冲击波碎石术用于治疗复杂性泌尿系统结石的效果.方法 选取复杂性泌尿系统结石患者72例,随机组肾镜组(36例)行经皮肾镜气压弹道碎石术治疗,体外组(36例)行体外冲击波碎石术治疗,比较两组碎石成功、术中出血并发症等情况.结果 肾镜组与体外组一次碎石成功率分别为97.22％与91.67...