气体钻井全井段钻柱动力学研究

采用有限元法开展气体钻井全井段钻柱的非线性动力学运动过程模拟研究。建立了某井全井段塔式钻具的三维模型和钻头与岩石以及钻柱与井筒之间的接触关系,分析了钻柱在动态钻进过程中的力学参数,得出气体钻井全井段钻柱的运动规律以及对钻柱寿命的影响。对气体钻井中钻柱力学、井斜控制等方面的深入研究具有指导意义。     

气体钻水平井井壁稳定性分析新方法

与常规钻井液钻井相比,气体钻井技术在提高机械钻速、保护油气层等方面有着无可比拟的优势,其中井壁稳定是气体钻井过程中最为突出的问题.目前对于气体钻水平井没有一套合理的井壁稳定分析方法,给现场钻井带来很多困难.在直井井壁稳定分析理论模型的基础上,通过应力转换,确定水平井段围岩应力,结合测井数据去水化校正,建立气体钻水平井井壁稳定计算模型,形成了一套完整的气体钻水平井壁稳定分析方法.将该方法应用于川西地区气体钻水平井井壁稳定分析,理论分析与工程实际结果吻合,验证了该方法的可行性.     

气体钻与泥浆钻全井段钻柱动力学对比研究

全井段钻柱在井内运动过程是一个非常复杂的非线性动力学问题,不可能得到比较完美的解析解,如果采用室内试验或者现场试验研究,其成本又会很高且很难实现.因此,在弹塑性力学、岩石力学和钻柱力学的基础上,以四川某井基本钻井参数和钻具组合为依据,采用有限元法建立了塔式钻具钻至1486m井深时的全井段三维钻柱模型和相应的井筒模型,并且建立了钻头与岩石以及钻柱与井筒之间的随时间变化且有摩擦系数的接触关系和相对应的泥浆钻井模型,对比分析了钻柱在动态钻进过程中的井口参数、钻头上压力和转动速度以及全井段钻柱的弯矩扭矩变化等结果,得出气体钻井与泥浆钻井全井段钻柱的运动规律以及钻铤失效机理的差异.为认识气体钻井全井段钻柱的运动规律提供了新的研究方法,对气体钻井中钻柱力学、井斜控制和设备等方面的研究都有较好的现实意义.     

深水钻井随钻气侵模型研究

以地层渗流理论为基础,建立了深水钻井随钻气侵模型,结合南海某井实际气侵情况,模拟深水钻井井筒气体膨胀规律。研究结果表明:发生气侵后,气侵量随气侵时间的延长而增加;当机械钻速加大后,在相同时间内打开产层的厚度变大,进入到井筒的气体越多,气侵量越大;渗透率增大后,在相同时间内流入到井筒的气体越多,气侵量越大。     

准噶尔西北缘石炭系钻进技术研究及应用

通过对石炭系岩性特征、钻井技术难点、钻头与地层的适应性及水力脉冲诱发井下振动钻井工具的研究,变换钻具组合、优选钻井参数等技术的应用,研究出了在石炭系地层中应用大钻压下的塔式钻具组合。这一研究较大的提高机械钻速并能较好的控制井身质量的工艺技术。     

新疆油田致密油火北探区钻井提速技术探索

准噶尔盆地火山岩地层可钻性差,机械钻速慢,是制约油田勘探开发的主要瓶颈,多年来一直在探索有效的提速技术.火北探区断裂发育,火北断裂上盘石炭系推覆体厚度跨度大,岩性复杂;二叠系平地泉组云质砂泥岩互层,钻头选型困难,断裂带附近地层倾角大,存在机械钻速慢,防斜打快矛盾突出,钻井周期长等难点.为了加快火北探区致密油勘探步伐,试验应用了高速螺杆＋孕镶PDC钻头,垂直钻井系统及气体钻井等技术.现场实钻表明,与常规钻井液条件下的提速技术相比,气体钻井在火北石炭系和二叠系平地泉组提速效果显著,平均机械钻速达到5.0m/h以上,是常规钻井的4倍左右.气体钻井在火北探区的成功应用,将对准噶尔盆地火山岩地层的钻井提速起到积极的推动作用.     

单因素时间序列ARMA建模在卡钻预测中的应用研究

为了在实际钻井过程中避免和减少卡钻事故的发生,提出一种以单因素时间序列ARMA建模为基础,对钻井卡钻事故做出预期判断的方法,并利用钻井实际中的数据验证此方法的可行性。运用Eviews软件对青海地区某地热勘探井的相关数据建立各个参数的时序模型,对未来钻井数据进行预测,同时对各个ARMA模型做功率谱估计,比较相邻2个ARMA模型的功率谱密度,计算各个参数的综合功率谱叠加偏差值,作为判断卡钻的依据。实践证明此方法可提前预测钻井过程中的卡钻事故。     

大牛地气田钻井工程实践与认识

对大牛地气田优快钻完井技术国家示范工程取得的成果进行分析,通过对目前形成的优快钻、完井技术的研究,评价其应用效果;结合钻遇地层特征,进一步优选钻头、优化钻井参数,提高机械钻速,缩短钻井周期;对已用钻井液体系进行应用评价,优选出适合大牛地气田的钻完井液体系。     

气体钻井钻柱损伤疲劳寿命预测模型研究

针对气体钻井钻柱频繁断裂失效问题,以现代损伤力学研究为基础,分析钻柱损伤演化过程,建立气体钻井钻柱损伤疲劳寿命预测模型。由钻柱损伤疲劳寿命模型得出损伤度是影响钻柱疲劳寿命的主要因素,引入损伤梯度并进一步通过算例研究钻柱所受轴向载荷、损伤度及应变之间的关系。根据理论与算例分析可得,随着轴向载荷增大,损伤度与应变逐步由空间周期关系转变为类周期关系,出现损伤局部化,导致钻柱的疲劳失效。     

基于ARMA模型的判别分析在随钻地震中的应用

随钻地震是地震勘探技术和钻井技术的结合。基于随钻地震原理,应用时间序列方法结合某地层已有的随钻地震信号记录和地层相关信息,建立预测待钻地层压力特性的ARMA模型,利用多总体判别分析,对其反映的地层压力特性参数进行判别。应用该模型对某油田随钻地震信号实时计算,得出待钻地层为中压层,与实际结果相吻合。该方法能够很好地预测钻头前方地层压力特性,从而提高了钻井的目的性、安全性及准确性。     

浅谈钻时在录井及钻井中的应用

钻时是地质录井必须录取的一个参数,它在岩性判断、缝洞识别、对比划分地层、提高录井剖面符合率、预防工程事故以及为钻井施工提供决策依据等方面都具有重要作用。正确应用钻时,能够给录井和钻井施工提供很多帮助。     

Enhancing diamond drilling performance by the addition of non-ionic polymer to the flushing media

Drilling is a most important and crucial operation in the excavation industries.With the objective of looking into the enhancement of diamond drilling performance detailed laboratory investigations were carried out on phosphate rock.The effect of Poly (Ethylene Oxide) (PEO) added to the drilling water was studied by varying machine parameters and PEO concentration.The responses were rate of penetration and torque at the bit rock interface.Slake durability tests were also performed to understand the slaking behavior of phosphate rock in PEO solutions.     

欠平衡钻井多相流模型评价分析

为了给欠平衡钻井工程设计提供切实可行的井底压力预测模型,比较了利用均匀流动方法(Guo Boyun模型)、经验公式方法(Beggs-Brill模型、0rkiszewski模型、韩洪升和陈家琅模型)以及力学方法(Hasan-Kabir模型和修正的Ansari模型)建立的三类欠平衡钻井稳定流动模型.利用FORTRAN90分别对6个模型进行了编程求解,模拟了欠平衡钻井过程的环空气液两相流动规律,预测了充气液欠平衡钻井的井底压力.并把模型预测结果和现场施工数据以及全尺寸试验井试验数据进行了验证,分别指出了6个模型的预测精度.验证结果表明用力学方法建立的修正的Ansari模型的预测精度较高,可以满足欠平衡钻井井底压力设计的工程精度要求.推荐在欠平衡钻井工程设计中使用该方法,保证全过程的欠平衡钻井,实现欠平衡钻井的经济效益.     

TK1106井大尺寸井眼复合钻井技术的应用

为提高勘探开发总体效益,缩短钻井周期,实现快速复合钻进,针对塔河油田地层特点,在TK1106井大尺寸井眼首次使用PDC钻头配合螺杆应用复合钻井技术,达到了预期效果.该项技术对大幅度提高机械钻速、保证井身质量、实现快速安全钻进具有一定的实用价值.     

geoNEXT录井系统中钻井效率监测软件现场应用分析

通过钻井效率分析软件对机械比能值进行监测,综合判定钻头磨损程度、钻井参数选用的合理性,计算地层岩性的强度.根据监测和判定分析结果提出合理参数.     

金刚石钻头质量影响钻探成本的探讨

通过建立钻探成本数学模型,结合钻探现场实际情况,文中将金刚石钻头的机械钻速、使用寿命作为评价指标,对比分析深部绳索取心钻进中金刚石钻头质量在不同孔深、不同立根长度情况下对钻探成本的影响．所得结论对钻探生产实际中选用合理的金刚石钻头机械钻速和使用寿命,从而降低钻探成本具有重要的指导意义．     

Prediction of rotary drilling penetration rate in iron ore oxides using rock engineering system

Prediction of the drilling penetration rate is one of the important parameters in mining operations. This parameter has a direct impact on the mine planning and cost of mining operations. Generally, effective parameters on the penetration rate is divided into two classes: rock mass properties and specifications of the machine. The chemical components of intact rock have a direct effect in determining rock mechanical properties. Theses parameters usually have not been investigated in any research on the rock drillability. In this study, physical and mechanical properties of iron ore were studied based on the amount of magnetite percent. According to the results of the tests, the effective parameters on the penetration rate of the rotary drilling machines were divided into three classes: specifications of the machines, rock mass properties and chemical component of intact rock. Then, the rock drillability was studied using rock engineering systems. The results showed that feed, rotation, rock mass index and iron oxide percent have important effect on penetration rate. Then a quadratic equation with 0.896 determination coefficient has been obtained. Also, the results showed that chemical components can be described as new parameters in rotary drill penetration rate.     

Processing of measurement while drilling data for rock mass characterization

The information extracted from monitoring of rotary blasthole drills helps to optimize the overall mining operation. Rock hardness, drillability, blastability and specific energy of drilling are examples of parameters that have been estimated in the past using measurement while drilling techniques. In order to be able to properly utilize measurement while drilling techniques, it is important to properly collect, analyze and interpret extracted data. This paper deals with processing of measurement while drilling data such as rate of penetration, rotary speed, rotary torque and pulldown force collected from rotary blasthole drills.Different methods are discussed to calculate a true rate of penetration which is the most important monitored drill variable for use in rock mass characterization. Then specific energy of drilling is defined and calculated based on electrical and mechanical inputs and the results are compared. The results show that specific energy of drilling can be estimated using the drill's primary drive systems' electrical responses with good accuracy when compared to values based on mechanical inputs.     

Integrating geometallurgical ball mill throughput predictions into short-term stochastic production scheduling in mining complexes

This article presents a novel approach to integrate a throughput prediction model for the ball mill into short-term stochastic production scheduling in mining complexes. The datasets for the throughput prediction model include penetration rates from blast hole drilling(measurement while drilling), geological domains, material types, rock density, and throughput rates of the operating mill, offering an accessible and cost-effective method compared to other geometallurgical programs. First, the co...     

Drillability prediction in some metamorphic rocks using composite penetration rate index(CPRI)——An approach

Assessment of drillability of rocks is vital in the selection, operation, and performance evaluation of cutting tools used in various excavation machinery deployed in mining and tunneling. The commonly used rock drillability prediction methods, namely, drilling rate index(DRI) and Cerchar hardness index(CHI)have limitations in predicting the penetration rate due to differential wear of the cutting tool in rocks with varied hardness and abrasivity. Since cutting tools get blunt differently in different rocks, the stress beneath the tip of the bit decreases until it reaches a threshold value beyond which the penetration rate becomes constant. In this research, a new composite penetration rate index(CPRI) is suggested based on the investigations on four metamorphic rocks viz. quartzite, gneiss, schist and phyllite with varied hardness-abrasivity values. The penetration-time behavior was classified into active, moderate, passive,and dormant phases based on the reduction in penetration rate at different stages of drilling. A comparison of predicted penetration rate values using DRI and CPRI with actual penetration rate values clearly establishes the supremacy of CPRI. Micro-structure and hardness-based index was also developed and correlated with CPRI. The new indices can help predict cutting tool penetration and its consumption more accurately.