高频超声评估膝关节镜滑膜病变切除术后的价值

目的 评估高频超声对膝关节镜滑膜病变及滑膜切除术后的价值。方法 选取我院2017年1月～2018年2月收治的类风湿关节炎（RA）患者（以单侧膝关节病变为主）作为研究对象,均行高频超声及MRI检查,分析MRI及超声检查结果,探讨滑膜厚度与病情及预后的关系。结果 术前高频超声与MRI对RA患者软骨病变分期结果比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。治疗前及治疗后6、14个月,超声与MRI对于滑膜厚度的测量比较无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;而在治疗后1、3个月,超声检测结果低于MRI测值（P＜0.05）。治疗后患者ESR、CRP、CCP水平,VAS评分及RF阳性率均低于治疗前（均P＜0.05）;治疗后Lysholm 膝关节功能评分明显优于治疗前（P＜0.05）。高频超声测量滑膜厚度变化与ESR、RF阳性率及CCP呈正相关（P＜0.05）;高频超声测量滑膜厚度变化与Lysholm 膝关节功能评分呈负相关（P＜0.05）;高频超声测量滑膜厚度变化与CRP、VAS评分无明显相关性（P＞0.05）。治疗后6个月,滑膜厚度低的患者ESR、CCP、VAS评分较低,Lysholm 膝关节功能评分较高（P＜0.05）。结论 高频彩色多普勒超声对类风湿关节炎膝关节病变具有姣好的诊断价值,同时对评估预后具有重要意义,可应用于临床。     

高频超声在类风湿性关节炎膝关节病变中的诊断价值

目的:探讨高频超声在类风湿性关节炎患者膝关节病变中的诊断价值。方法:选取36例类风湿性关节炎患者,另选20例健康自愿者作为对照组,两组分别行高频超声检查,观察滑膜状态(包括滑膜厚度、关节积液深度、滑膜内血流)及软骨病变。36例类风湿性关节炎患者同时行X线平片检查,其中21例另行MRI检查。同时分析36例类风湿关节炎患者滑膜状态与患者血沉(ESR)及C-反应蛋白(CRP)的相关性。结果:病变组膝关节出现不同程度的滑膜增厚、关节积液、滑膜内血流信号增多、软骨变薄及骨质破坏等表现,与健康对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。36例类风湿性关节炎患者(72个膝关节)均行超声及X线检查,超声对软骨病变检出率为41.7%,X线检查率为11.1%,两种检查方法比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。21例患者行超声与MRI检查,超声对软骨病变的检出率为30%,MRI检出率为51%,两种方法比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。滑膜厚度与CRP(r=0.40,P<0.001)及ESR(r=0.51,P<0.001),关节积液深度与CRP(r=0.46,P<0.001)及ESR(r=0.54,P<0.001)均有一定的相关性。结论:超声可以通过观察滑膜状态及软骨病变为临床诊断类风湿性关节炎膝关节病变提供一定的依据。     

类风湿关节炎活动期膝关节超声检查的价值

目的:探讨超声检查在类风湿性关节炎(RA)患者活动期膝关节病变中的价值。方法:48例RA(病程1~8年)患者与26例健康人分别做超声检查,分析两组膝关节超声图像,比较滑膜厚度、关节腔积液深度及血流情况。结果:RA组患者滑膜厚度、积液深度较对照组增多(P0.01),RA组滑膜血流较对照组增多(P0.05),均有统计学意义。结论:超声检查RA活动期膝关节病变,可作为临床诊断RA活动期依据。     

高频超声诊断早期类风湿关节炎的应用研究

目的：分析高频超声诊断早期类风湿关节炎的应用价值。方法以该院收治的40例早期类风湿关节炎（RA ）患者为观察组,另选择40例健康者作为对照组,分别采用高频超声和X线对两组对象进行影像学检查。对比分析两组的超声检查结果和高频超声与X线对观察组患者膝关节髌上囊积液、滑膜增生及骨侵蚀的阳性检出率,以及观察组患者的C‐反应蛋白（CRP）、红细胞沉降率（ESR）指标与超声检查相关指标的相关性。结果观察组患者膝关节髌上囊积液、滑膜增生、滑膜彩色血流、骨侵蚀高频超声检查的阳性率均高于对照组（P＜0．05）;观察组患者的动脉阻力指数小于对照组,股骨内髁及外髁软骨厚度较对照组薄（P＜0．05）。高频超声对观察组患者膝关节髌上囊积液、滑膜增生、骨侵蚀的阳性检出率均高于X线等检查结果（P＜0．05）。观察组患者膝关节髌上囊积液厚度、滑膜增生厚度、滑膜彩色血流分级与CRP、ESR均存在一定的相关性（P＜0．01）。结论高频超声能较好地反映早期RA患者的病变情况,且对各病变的检出率高于X线片,高频超声检查指标与CRP、ESR有一定的相关性。     

超声检查对血友病患者膝关节状况评估的应用价值研究

目的 探讨超声检查对血友病患者膝关节状况评估的应用价值.方法 收集44例血友病患者中70个膝关节行超声检查,其中11例小于18岁患者中16个膝关节完成磁共振成像(MRI)检查,同时对膝关节按照2.1版血友病关节健康评估表(HJ HS)评价其健康状况,分析超声评分与年龄及出血次数的相关性,以及与MRI评分和HJHS评分之间的关系.结果 血友病关节病变严重程度与血友病的严重程度无相关性(F=0.013,P=0.987),随着年龄增加、出血次数增多,膝关节病变加重.关节病变早期的滑膜增厚及软骨改变的检出,超声及MRI检查无差异(P＞0.05).超声评分、MRI评分、HJHS之间存在明显相关性(P＜0.05).结论 超声对于血友病性关节病的早期诊断有重要意义.     

超声在类风湿关节炎膝关节病变中的应用

目的:探讨超声检查在类风湿关节炎(RA)膝关节病变诊断中的应用价值.方法:类风湿关节炎患者36例,应用日本东芝SSA-350A型彩色多普勒超声诊断仪分别对膝关节进行对比检查,观察滑膜、关节腔、骨面特征及血供表现.结果:RA组36例共72个关节,共检出67个关节异常(93%),表现为65个关节(90.2%)滑膜增厚,其中42个关节腔积液,9个关节出现骨质破坏.滑膜内探及血流信号.结论:超声检查可以很好地显示类风湿关节炎患者膝关节病变,诊断RA膝关节病变有较高的应用价值.     

高频超声检查在小儿髋关节滑膜炎中的诊断价值

目的探讨在小儿髋关节滑膜炎的诊断中应用高频超声检查的价值。方法选取我院收治小儿髋关节单侧滑膜炎患儿50例,使用高频超声行双侧髋关节前侧切面对比检查,以监测为对照,分析患侧的检查结果,每周监测一次,直至所有体征消失,双髋超声未见明显差异。结果其影像学特征表现为患侧髋股骨颈颈前间隙明显增宽,前隐窝有积液且透声好,滑膜增厚,。患侧的股骨颈颈前间隙宽度、股骨前方关节滑膜厚度大于健侧(P0.05);50例患儿有43例患侧髋有关节积液,7例为关节囊肿胀,4周后患侧股骨颈颈前间隙宽度、股骨前方关节滑膜厚度与健侧无明显差异(P0.05),关节积液及关节囊肿胀消失,滑膜厚度与检查健侧无明显差异。结论高频超声检查可对小儿髋关节滑膜炎做出准确诊断,并可为临床的诊断和治疗提供客观的影像学依据,具有极高的应用价值。     

早期类风湿性关节炎腕关节磁共振的诊断价值

目的:观察早期类风湿性关节炎(RA)手腕关节的滑膜改变、骨质侵蚀及关节腔积液等在MRI上的表现。同时探讨MRI表现与血清学检查指标相关性。方法:将根据临床症状及血清学检查结果确诊为类风湿性关节炎,而其腕关节行X线平片检查未见骨质破坏的28例患者作为研究对象。分析早期RA关节病变MRI影像学表现的特点。对MRI所见滑膜评分与血清学检查结果之间的关系进行相关性分析。结果:MRI发现16例手腕关节有骨质侵蚀或骨髓水肿,其中骨质侵蚀共26处,12例无骨质侵蚀或骨髓水肿。所有病例腕关节均见有不同程度滑膜增厚,增强扫描可见血管翳强化。并发现腕关节滑膜评分分值与临床血清检查结果(RF、IgA、IgG、IgM)相关性有统计学意义(P均<0.05),而与CRP相关性无统计学意义(r=0.26,P>0.05)。此外,MRI还可显示早期RA的骨髓水肿、关节积液等征象。结论:MRI能清楚显示早期RA手腕部小关节病变,且明显优于传统X线平片检查。MRI可以对早期RA的滑膜炎进行半定量化分级评分,为早期RA滑膜炎的诊断及活跃程度的深入研究提供了新方法。     

类风湿关节炎膝关节病变中高频超声的应用研究

目的探讨高频彩色多普勒超声在类风湿性关节炎膝关节病变诊断中的临床应用价值.方法采用高频超声对RA组与对照组的膝关节髌上囊液体厚度、滑膜厚度进行对比观察,对治疗前后的髌上囊液体厚度、滑膜厚度,并选取病程、类风湿因子(RF)、C——反应蛋白( CRP)以及红细胞沉降率(ESR)与髌上囊液体厚度和滑膜厚度做相关分析.结果 RA组的髌上囊液体厚度、滑膜厚度明显大于正常对照组.接受正规治疗后髌上囊液体厚度、滑膜厚度均变薄.在RA 患者中,ESR以及RF与髌上囊液体厚度间均有一定的相关性.结论超声通过观察关节积液、滑膜及病变区域血流的病变,为临床辅助诊断RA及评价治疗效果提供依据.     

类风湿关节炎与动脉粥样硬化的相关性研究

目的 利用高频超声探讨类风湿关节炎(RA)与亚临床型动脉粥样硬化病变之间的相关性.方法 超声测量45例RA患者及25例正常对照组颈动脉内-中膜厚度(IMT)及肱动脉血流介导的血管舒张(FMD),并进行对比分析.结果 RA患者颈动脉IMT较正常对照组明显增厚(P＜0.01);RA组FMD较正常对照组明显降低(P＜0.01).结论 RA与动脉粥样硬化的发生有明显相关性,高频超声可作为早期预测RA患者亚临床型动脉粥样硬化有效的、敏感且无创的手段.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.