某高硫含砷碳低品位难处理金矿选矿试验研究

某低品位金矿石原矿含金1.68 g/t,砷0.43%、碳0.40%、硫3.20%,金以显微或次显微形式浸染于毒砂、黄铁矿、褐铁矿中,具有载金矿物粒度细、砷和碳含量高等特点,是典型的低品位含砷碳极难处理 金矿石,严重影响金的浮选指标。为回收利用矿石中的金,分别进行了直接全泥氰化浸出、重选、浮选三种方案对比试验研究。结果表明,直接全泥氰化浸出率仅5%,重选金精矿回收率不足10%,浮选可获得金品位 15.04 g/t、回收率77.13%的金精矿。由于浮选金精矿含砷、碳、硫有害元素均较高,浮选尾矿含金0.42 g/t,损失较高,因此试验采用焙烧预处理以脱除金精矿和尾矿中的有害元素,然后焙砂氰化浸出回收金。最终 试验采用浮选—金精矿焙烧氰化浸出—尾矿焙烧氰化浸出联合工艺,得到金总回收率70.66%的较好指标,有效地回收了矿石中的金。     

综合利用含锑砷金精矿关键集成技术试验研究

针对某含锑砷金精矿,通过直接氰化试验、两段焙烧氰化试验、直接氰化—浮选回收锑—浮选尾矿两段焙烧氰化试验等工艺技术进行试验研究。结果表明,采用一级直接氰化、二级氰化尾矿浮选富集锑精矿、三级为锑浮选尾矿两段焙烧氰化关键集成技术方法,含锑含砷金精矿直接氰化金、银浸出率分别为31.22%、85.19%,氰化尾矿浮选产出锑含量为38.80%的锑精矿,精矿产率为10.50%,锑回收率达到90.94%,锑浮选尾矿采用两段焙烧氰化金、银回收率分别达到90.07%、52.70%,该关键集成技术方法使金、银、锑的综合回收率分别达到93.56%、92.99%、90.94%,显著提高了有价金属资源的综合回收效果,实现了含锑砷金精矿资源的高值化、资源化利用。     

某难浸浮选金精矿碱式预处理-氰化提金工艺

某浮选金品位65．20g／t，含砷15．40％、硫25．64％。84％以上金被黄铁矿、毒砂和脉石包裹，为难浸金精矿。在常温常压下进行碱式预处理。再接氰化和炭吸附提金。结果表明。在NaCN用量6．5kg／t和炭浆浓度17．5g／L。炭浸24h条件下，金浸出率达93．42％。金吸附回收率达99．67％。     

某高砷高硫复杂难处理金矿选矿试验研究

为有效回收某高砷高硫复杂难处金矿中的金,分别开展了矿石的工艺矿物学分析,及浮选、焙烧、氰化浸出等试验研究。结果表明,以黄铁矿、毒砂为主的载金矿物嵌布粒度较细,多以包裹体赋存,采用常规的氰化工艺金的浸出率较低,仅为18%左右。而采用浮选的工艺,通过组合药剂的优化使用,可获得金品位为21.05 g/t、金回收率为92.58%的金精矿,金精矿再经焙烧氰化浸出,金的浸出率可达89.93%。最终矿石在“浮选-焙烧-水洗-氰化” 的联合工艺下,可使矿石中的金得到较好回收。     

焙烧预氧化-硫代硫酸盐浸出某难处理金精矿

对贵州某复杂难处理金精矿进行了焙烧预氧化-硫代硫酸盐浸出研究。通过试验确定了最佳氧化焙烧工艺参数和浸出条件。650 ℃下焙烧1 h, 焙砂再磨至-0.038 mm粒级占88.92%, 在硫酸铜用量0.01 mol/L、硫酸铵用量0.1 mol/L、硫代硫酸钠用量0.2 mol/L条件下常温常压浸出6 h, 金浸出率可达92.10%;同时对硫代硫酸盐浸出过程中的消耗规律进行了考察。     

镇源金矿中性—氧化二步焙烧预处理工艺研究

本文介绍了对镇源难处理金矿采用二步焙烧预处理工艺氰化提金的研究结果。金精矿通过中性—氧化两段焙烧后氰化浸金 ,金的浸出率可达 91 .82 %。     

某石英脉型微细粒嵌布低品位金矿石选矿试验

为了给某石英脉型微细粒嵌布低品位金矿石的开发利用提供依据,根据矿石性质,采用浮选-浮选尾矿氰化浸出-浮选精矿焙烧后氰化浸出工艺流程进行了选矿试验。结果表明：浮选-尾矿氰化浸出可获得金品位为61.88 g/t、砷含量为4.21%、金回收率为77.57%的金精矿和作业金浸出率为75.85%、对原矿金回收率为17.02%的尾矿浸出液,两者的金回收率合计达到94.59%。金精矿经焙烧预处理,焙砂砷含量降到0.38%、金品位提高到88.40 g/t;焙砂氰化浸出的作业金浸出率达93.28%、对原矿金回收率为72.36%,金精矿焙砂和浮选尾矿氰化浸出的综合金回收率为89.38%。     

某难浸金矿堆浸尾矿的利用

介绍了西北某难浸金矿堆浸尾矿利用的试验结果,先采用浮选工艺,获得产率４．０９％ 、金品位６４．７２ｇ／ｔ、回收率７０．７７％ 的浮选精矿;浮选精矿经焙烧后氰化浸出,金浸出率达９５．７３％ ;浮选尾矿直接氰化浸出,金的浸出率可再增加１４．１０％ ,从而获得金总收率８１．８５％ 的优异指标。初步技术经济分析结果表明,采用本文介绍的方法利用该类尾矿资源,经济效益较好。     

高砷高硫金精矿提金工艺研究

介绍了某金矿氰化尾矿的摇床重选精矿的物质组成研究和多种提金工艺研究。研究结果表明，不利于金的直接氰化浸出的原因是硫化物包裹金占有率高，浸出的有害杂质As、Cu、Bi、Sb含量较高，与Au关系密切，相互胶结和共生，沸腾炉焙烧后，焙砂As、Se脱除率高，金属硫化物基本上完全转化为疏松多孔状的铁氧化物，提高了金的浸出率，金的浸出率达96.95%，认为是适合于处理某金矿氰化尾矿的摇床重选精矿的提金工艺。     

微细浸染金矿碱性热压预处理-硫代硫酸钠浸金

采用碱性热压预处理-硫代硫酸盐浸出含碳质微细粒浸染型极难选原生金矿, 分别进行了原矿浸金、热压预处理以及氧化产物浸金试验, 考查了各因素对预处理脱碳、脱硫以及浸金效果的影响。试验结果表明, 在磨矿细度-0.025 mm粒级占82%, 预处理温度160 ℃、预处理时间2 h、助氧剂TW用量300 g/t、氧压1.6 MPa、pH=12的碱性热压氧化条件下以及硫代硫酸钠用量0.12 mol/L、硫酸铵用量0.075 mol/L、硫酸铜用量0.02 mol/L、pH=9、浸出时间4 h、矿浆液固比3∶1的浸出条件下, 获得了金浸出率88.76%。通过对预处理反应热力学计算, 以及绘制160 ℃下Fe-S-H₂O体系Eh-pH图, 对碱性热压氧化预处理过程的机理进行了初步研究, 研究结果与试验结果一致。     

Metals recovery from galvanic sludge by sulfate roasting and thiosulfate leaching

The purpose of this work is the selective recovery of Au, Ag, Cu, and Zn from two types of galvanic sludge using a mixed process of sulfate roasting and sodium thiosulfate leaching. In the experiments, the sludge was mixed with a sulfate promoter (sulfur, iron sulfate, or pyrite) and treated by pyrometallurgical processes at temperatures up to 750 °C. At this stage, this agent is thermally oxidized, turning the furnace atmosphere into a reducing one and the metallic oxides into water-soluble sulfates. Afterward, the sulfates can be treated by leaching with water for recovery of Ag, Cu, and Zn. The gold does not form sulfates in this reaction and was recovered through a second leaching stage using sodium thiosulfate, an effective reagent and less harmful to the environment than cyanide. Different parameters such as the sulfate promoter that achieves the highest recovery of metals, the proportion of galvanic sludge to sulfating agent, the temperature, the heating time in the oven, and the leaching time were evaluated. Additionally, a comparison of gold recovery using cyanide versus sodium thiosulfate was performed. The configuration that showed the best metal recovery included a 1:0.4 ratio of sludge to sulfur, an oven temperature of 550 °C, a roasting time of 90 min, and a water leaching time of 15 min. Using these parameters, recovery rates of 80% of the silver, 63% of the copper, and 73% of the Zn were obtained. The sodium thiosulfate leaching resulted in a recovery of 77% of the Au, close to the values obtained using cyanide.     

焙烧氰化尾渣中有价金属梯级分离回收的工艺研究

梯级分离回收焙烧氰化尾渣中的有价金属,对提高资源综合利用率、消解氰化尾渣危废对冶金行业持续发展具有重要意义。本文以焙烧氰化尾渣为原料,采用一级酸浸浸取金铜锌、二级还原焙烧—磁选回收含金铁精矿、三级浮选回收金的梯级分离回收工艺方法,焙烧氰化尾渣中的金、铜、锌、铁的综合回收率分别达到63.07%、80.50%、70.31%、80.64%。该技术方法能够有效解决焙烧氰化尾渣中金、铜、锌、铁的综合回收技术难题,实现了焙烧氰化尾渣的高值化、资源化利用,同时将焙烧氰化危废转化为二次高价值资源,解决了焙烧氰化危废无害化处置的冶金行业共性技术难题。     

含砷炭复杂难处理铜金精矿焙烧工艺研究

针对菲律宾某含砷炭复杂铜金精矿开展了两段焙烧、一段焙烧、加添加剂焙烧及降铜降砷的配矿焙烧-酸浸-氰化工艺试验研究。结果表明,该矿以单一矿样采用焙烧-酸浸-氰化工艺难以取得较好的指标,通过合理的配矿,降低精矿中的铜、砷、硫等杂质含量,可以提高金、银、铜的浸出率并分别达到97.6%、76.2%、95.3%以上。     

微细粒浸染包裹含砷金矿石金的回收

提供了一种微细粒浸染包裹含砷金矿石的选冶联合工艺,包括浮选、碱性常温常压强化碱浸预氧化和氰化。先对含砷金矿石进行浮选,获得含金63.80 g/t、产率5.51%、金回收率92.08%的浮选金精矿,然后对金精矿进行超细磨和碱性常温常压强化碱浸预氧化,氧化渣金的浸出率88.56%,金的选冶总回收率81.55%。     

含碳微细粒难处理复杂金矿选矿试验研究

针对某含碳超显微包裹体难浸金矿石,分别开展了常规氰化浸出探索试验、优先浮碳再细磨浮金探索试验、细磨焙烧预处理再氰化提金探索试验。试验结果表明,采用常规氰化时金的浸出率仅为14.01%,即使进行脱碳处理后,金浮选的回收率也仅达到51.82%。该类型矿石若要解决受含碳和包裹金影响的问题,有效的途径之一就是进行焙烧预处理。矿石经细磨后,采用“焙烧-水洗-碱浸-氰化”的工艺流程,金的浸出率可达87.57%,从而使金得到了较好的回收。     

焙烧方式对含砷金精矿中金、银浸出率的影响

某含砷金精矿中金矿物嵌布粒度较细,金主要以硫化物(黄铁矿、毒砂)包裹金形式存在。采用焙烧预处理-氰化浸出工艺,研究了一段焙烧、两段焙烧和添加剂焙烧对氰化浸出的影响。结果表明,采用常规一段、两段焙烧方式,金浸出率均未达到90%,银浸出率低于50%; 添加剂焙烧效果显著,在焙烧温度650 ℃、时间1.0 h、添加剂用量NaXY 100 kg/t+YC-1 20 kg/t的条件下,金浸出率达到93.56%,银浸出率达62.45%。     

难处理金矿石的加压浸出技术

采用加压氧化工艺对我国某难处理金矿进行预处理，预处理后金的加压氰化没出率达到92％以上。进行了酸法加压氧化预处理、催化加压氧化预处理和碱法加压氧化预处理试验。文中还简述了各种方法的机理和优缺点。在小型试验基础上进行了吨级扩大试验，其结果优于小型试验。     

Biooxidation as pre-treatment for a telluride-rich refractory gold concentrate

Biooxidation is an attractive alternative pre-treatment to roasting for refractory gold concentrates because it eliminates toxic gaseous emissions. Biooxidation utilises the ability of acidophilic chemolithotrophic bacteria to oxidise pyrite and arsenopyrite and release the gold or gold telluride trapped within their grains. The gold can be extracted by cyanidation and recovered using CIl/CIP technologies. Gold telluride may require further oxidation to render it amenable to cyanidation.In this study chemical and bio-oxidative treatments of a refractory, telluride-rich gold concentrate have been compared. It was shown that mesophilic iron- and sulphur-oxidising bacteria enhanced the dissolution of pyrite and arsenopyrite significantly, compared with chemical (ferric ion) oxidation. The gold telluride (calaverite) trapped within the pyrite grains was exposed during the pretreatment and underwent rapid oxidation by ferric ions in solution. Bacteria did not oxidise the telluride directly but contributed to the process by oxidising ferrous ions to ferric ions, the so-called “indirect mechanism” of bacterial oxidation.     

Microwave roasting of a carbonaceous sulphidic gold concentrate

Gold ores containing carbonaceous matter and sulphidic minerals are generally referred to as double refractory. Extraction of the gold from such ores usually requires an oxidation step to both liberate the ultra-fine gold from the matrix of the sulphides and remove the carbon that preg-robs the dissolved gold. In this investigation, a double refractory flotation concentrate was microwave roasted to oxidize both the sulphides and the carbonaceous matter. The concentrate was characterized by thermogravimetric and infrared analysis and the microwave absorbtion characteristics were quantified by determining the permittivities. The microwave heating behaviour studies showed that the sample temperature increased with increasing incident microwave power, processing time and sample mass. Due to the hyperactive response of the concentrate to the microwaves, a low incident power of 600 W was found to be suitable for roasting, as higher powers resulted in sintering and melting of the concentrate. The gold extraction values after cyanidation were over 96% and these were similar to those obtained by conventional roasting. The main advantages of microwave roasting were that both the total carbon removal rates and the heating rates were higher and the specific energy consumptions were lower than in conventional roasting.     

含砷锑金精矿的生物预氧化-氰化浸金研究

采用嗜酸性氧化亚铁硫杆菌对含砷锑金精矿的生物预氧化-氰化浸金进行了研究。预氧化结果表明最佳生物氧化工艺参数为: 初始pH值范围为1.8～2.0, 矿石粒径-0.074 mm, 氧化温度为25～30 ℃, 摇床转速为140 r/min, 细菌接种量为20%, 液固比100∶2, 矿浆浓度1%～2%, 氧化时间12 d。浸出结果表明, 含砷、锑分别为10.37%和36.81%的金精矿如不经生物预氧化处理, 金浸出率仅41%左右;而经过12 d的生物氧化预处理, 金浸出率可达76.55%左右, 提高了35.62个百分点。生物预氧化可以脱除金精矿中的砷, 金的浸出率与砷的氧化率成正相关关系。研究结果能为生物预氧化含砷难处理金矿氰化浸金提供理论和技术指导。