二甲醚制备方法的研究进展

简述了二甲醚的性质、用途。介绍了实验室和工业制二甲醚的方法。详细阐述了甲醇法和以一氧化碳、氢气为原料的合成气制备二甲醚的工业制法，指出了每种方法的工艺特点和国内外的研究进展及发展前景。     

一氧化碳制备二甲醚的研究进展

简述了二甲醚的性质、用途,详细阐述了用一氧化碳制备二甲醚的研究进展及各合成方法的工艺特点.指出了用一氧化碳制二甲醚具有广阔的发展前景和良好的经济效益.     

二甲醚合成技术进展

二甲醚简称DME,分子结构式为CH3OH3,是醚族的最低级同系物。在通常状态下二甲醚是气体,但稍加压力就可成为液体。这种性质使二甲醚适合用作一些产品(如喷雾涂料、清漆、喷洒型农药以及化妆品)的抛射剂。在自然状态下,二甲醚在1～2天内完全分解,但不会像氯氟化碳(CFC)那样到达臭氧层,因此不产生温室效应。     

二甲醚生产工艺技术进展

对国内外二甲醚的生产工艺,如两步法、一步法、二氧化碳及生物质直接合成二甲醚等进行了评述,认为一步法工艺比较适合我国国情;对国内二甲醚生产技术提出了合理建议.     

二甲醚合成机理的研究进展

合成气在双功能催化剂上一步法制取二甲醚的反应机理,主要涉及甲醇合成和甲醇脱水两个反应,重点论述了甲醇合成的碳源问题和甲醇脱水的活性位问题。甲醇合成的碳源主要有CO、CO2和双碳源3种,甲醇脱水的活性中心位主要包括强酸中心、弱酸中心和双活性中心。     

二甲醚的生产方法及应用

简述了二甲醚的各种生产方法及方面的工艺特点，并指出了二甲醚的广阔应用前景。     

二甲醚技术浅谈

介绍了二甲醚的用途、国内外发展概况及市场状况，评述了其两种主要生产方法－－甲醇脱水法和合成气一步法的工艺特点，并进行了相应的投资及效益分析，认为合成所（ＣＯ＋Ｈ２）一步法是生产二甲醚的一种很有前任的新工艺。     

国内外二甲醚生产应用与市场前景分析

二甲醚(DME)又称甲醚，是一种无色易燃的气体或压缩液体，无毒，具有轻微醚香味，常压下沸点为-23．9℃，凝固点-140℃，20℃C时的蒸压为0．53MPa，自燃温度为350℃，在空气中的爆炸极限为3．45～26．7％(体积比)。溶于水及醇、乙醚、丙酮、氯仿等多种有机溶剂。易燃，在燃烧时火焰略带光亮。常温下二甲醚具有惰性，不易自     

20%呋虫胺悬浮剂的研制

通过助剂的筛选,研制出20%呋虫胺悬浮剂配方,并研究防冻剂、增稠剂等影响因素对悬浮剂稳定性的影响。结果表明,尿素为防冻剂,使用黄原胶和尿素作为增稠剂的呋虫胺悬浮剂最稳定。     

PVC-g-DMC抗菌聚合物的制备及其在PVC中的应用

利用固相悬浮法合成了以聚氯乙烯（PVC）为骨架聚合物、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)为支链的接枝共聚物,其产物记做PVC-g-DMC。 通过FT-IR、1H-NMR、DSC、TG等手段对其进行表征,结果证明DMC单体成功接枝到PVC分子链上,使接枝物的玻璃化转变温度和熔点都随接枝率的升高而提高。进一步分析引发剂、单体浓度、反应温度、反应时间和亲水性对接枝率的影响,得出相应的最优接枝率。同时,通过X射线衍射研究了接枝物的结晶度。在此基础上,用机械共混法制备了PVC/PVC-g-DMC复合材料。当加入PVC-g-DMC的10 %(质量分数,下同)时,共混物的拉伸强度、冲击强度比未改性前分别提高了45.1 %、76.63 %。还考察了不同含量、不同接枝率复合材料的抗菌性能。按塑料抗菌性能检测QB/T2591-2003处理,结果证明抗菌塑料的抗菌效果十分显著。     

二甲醚生产技术及应用前景

介绍了二甲醚的生产技术、主要用途和研究进展，并对其应用前景做了展望。     

Challenges and Opportunities in the Production of Oxymethylene Dimethylether

To reduce the NO_x and soot emissions of conventional diesel fuels, different renewable alternatives are investigated. One example are oxymethylene ethers (OME_x) of different chain lengths, which are intended to be used as diesel blends. Especially OME_3–5 show properties comparable to diesel. The key to producing longer chain OMEs is OME₁ as feedstock, which can react with formaldehyde to afford larger molecules. This article reviews different synthesis routes for OME₁, in order to elucidate energy-efficient methods.     

Umsetzung von Dimethylether zu Kraftstoffen mit hierachischen Zeolithkatalysatoren

This study aims at the development of H‐ZSM‐5 catalysts for the conversion of dimethyl ether to gasoline‐like hydrocarbons. In order to improve the lifetime and selectivity of the catalyst, mesopores have been introduced into the basic structure of H‐ZSM‐5. Modified industrial ZSM‐5 materials were prepared by postsynthetic desilication as well as by a direct synthesis via soft templates. The samples were analyzed and the commonly applied methods were examined critically. The surface to volume ratio of the mesopores is presented as a new measure. The testing of the catalysts was carried out in a laboratory plant. The results point to a complex interaction of acid centers and mesoporosity.     

二甲醚-内燃机代用燃料

全球发展面临着环境和能源两大挑战。因此,开发一种新型可再生能源显得尤为重要。DME有良好的着火性能,且十六烷值较高,人们尝试将一定比例的DME加入到甲醇或乙醇中作为助燃剂。     

Conversion of Synthesis Gas to Dimethylether Over Gold-based Catalysts

It is shown that Au?Czinc oxide?Calumina catalysts are suitable for the water?Cgas shift reaction and for methanol (MeOH) and DME synthesis, indicating their use in a direct single-stage process for converting syngas to a DME?+?methanol mixture. Temperatures above 340?°C were required in order to obtain reasonable catalytic activity. A 67?% DME selectivity was achieved at 380?°C with a low space velocity 0.75?dm³?h^?1?g^?1 and 50?bar. The lower CO conversions at the higher temperature of 460?°C was probably due to the MeOH equilibrium limitation in the range of temperatures 340 to 460?°C, but deactivation is observed as well, above 460?°C. Au/ZnO/??-Al₂O₃ is more stable than traditional copper-based catalysts, which are stable below about 300?°C, and then only in the absence of water. The gold composite catalyst was mainly selective toward DME, MeOH and CH₄, and to C₂ to C₅ hydrocarbons. An analysis of the main reactions involved indicates that only the methanol synthesis reaction reaches a near-equilibrium situation, with the other reactions being under kinetic control.     

二甲醚生产过程换热网络的计算机优化

采用Aspen Plus模拟软件对DME生产流程进行了模拟优化,提出了二甲醚(DME)生产过程中工艺物流间换热匹配新方法。经过热匹配后,可分别节约冷热公用工程26．04×10~6kJ／h。并根据热匹配的结果,对DME生产流程进行了优化。采用新的生产流程和换热方案,热公用工程可节能52．14％,冷公用工程可节能44．82％。     

Effect of pressure on direct synthesis of DME from syngas over metal-pillared ilerites and metal/metal-pillared ilerites

The effect of pressure on the direct synthesis of dimethyl ether (DME) from syngas over metal (Cu, Zn) pillared ilerites and metal (Cu, Zn) impregnated metal-pillared ilerites was explored. The prepared catalysts were characterized by XRD, BET, ICP-AES, SEM and FT-IR. The direct DME synthesis reaction was carried out in a differential fixed bed reactor with the prepared catalysts at various pressures (10, 20, 30 bar), 250°C and H₂/CO ratio of 2. The Cu/Zn-pillared ilerite catalyst showed the highest catalytic activity among the prepared catalysts at 20 bar, in which CO conversion was about 62% and DME selectivity was about 89%. CO conversion increased with pressure, and DME selectivity increased with pressure in the range of 10–20 bar, and above the pressure slightly decreased with pressure. The optimum pressure for this reaction was 20 bar.