基于FPGA的IP核开发板的设计及测试

介绍一种能嵌入8051 IP核的硬件开发板的设计流程及方法。以交通灯控制器为实例,给出基于IP核的嵌入式系统开发的一种方案。该方案可以满足较复杂的IP核设计和测试需求。     

基于SOPC的多功能车辆总线控制器设计

简要介绍传统的MVB通信控制器芯片MVBC的结构及功能;通过深入研究MVB底层通信协议,设计出符合IEC-61375标准用于网络连接的MVB总线访问IP(Intellectual Property)核;基于SOPC的设计思想,利用SOPC Builder在一片FPGA上集成了32位NiosⅡ软核处理器和MVB总线访问IP核,以及一些必需的外围组件,并给出MVB控制器的设计实现方案.     

基于NIOS Ⅱ的VGA控制器IP核的设计

针对LCD控制器IP核只能显示数字和英文字母的问题,提出了一种基于NIOSⅡ的VGA控制器IP核的设计方法,给出了VGA工作原理,介绍了VGA控制器的设计,详细阐述了VGA控制器IP核的设计,即将设计好的VGA控制器安装到SOPC Builder中,最后将VGA控制器IP核添加到NIOSⅡ系统中进行了测试验证。测试结果表明,该IP核可显示多种图形、图象、文字,并可实现动画效果,具有一定的实用价值。     

基于SoPC的SD卡控制器IP核的设计

针对目前在嵌入式平台中使用SD卡控制器专用芯片价格昂贵、软件模拟SPI时序控制读写速度较慢的问题,提出了一种基于SoPC技术的SD卡控制器IP核设计的架构方案.采用VHDL语言设计SD卡控制器IP核,利用自定义模块技术将其添加到SoPC中,利用Nios Ⅱ IDE编写SD卡的基础读写驱动软件并移植μC/FS文件系统,实...     

基于SOPC的LCD控制器IP核的设计与实现

介绍了一种针对LCD控制器IP核的设计方法该方法以Altera的软核处理器NiosⅡ为核心,通过对Avalon主端口的使用成功实现了对帧缓存读操作的硬件加速,并且本IP核以参数化概念设计,大大提高了控制器的可复用性.设计生成的LCD控制器IP核可以非常容易地添加到SOPC系统中,简化了底层编程人员对LCD屏的操作.实验结果表明,该设计具有较强的实用性和通用性.     

基于WISHBONE片上总线的USB2．0设备控制器IP核的设计

随着SOC技术的广泛发展和USB协议的普遍应用,在芯片设计时嵌入USB设备控制器IP核变得越来越重要.WISHBONE片上总线为IP核的相互通信提供了一种更为简单灵活的实现方法.本文基于WISHBONE片上总线,设计了符合USB 2.0协议的设备控制器IP软核,并通过仿真验证,符合设备使用要求.     

USB1.1设备控制器IP核的设计与实现

针对安全USB设备与PC主机数据通信的需要,依据USB1.1标准规范,文章设计一种USB1.1设备控制器IP核.该控制器IP核支持全速模式下控制、批量、中断三种传输方式,且传输端点数可配置.基于FPGA平台,对控制器IP核进行了实现,并在8051的配合下对实现进行了测试.测试结果表明其与主机之间的数据通信是可行的,可应用于SoC集成设计,为密码安全USB设备的开发奠定了基础.     

寻迹机器人控制器及IP核的研究

本文是一种基于IP核的寻迹机器人控制器,详细介绍了寻迹机器人控制器的结构以及IP核模块,该控制器采用有限状态机描述和硬件描述语言进行设计和实现,具有较强地自动纠偏、寻线准确、高可靠性和IP复用等特点。并且经过FPGA的硬件验证了IP核的正确性。     

一种基于SoPC系统的液晶控制IP核设计

介绍了基于MicroBlaze软核处理器的可编程片上系统结构.提出了一种LCD控制器IP核的设计方法.该控制器具有片上外设总线接口,和其它标准IP核一起组成以MicroBlaze为核心的片上系统.为进一步实现具有人性化人机交互界面的高性能、低功耗、小体积的嵌入式系统打下基础.     

FPGA的高速多通道数据采集控制器IP核设计

介绍基于FPGA嵌入式系统的多通道高速数据采集模块控制器的IP核设计。采用TI公司的6通道同步采集A／D转换器件（ADS8364）,针对该器件使用硬件描述语言设计IP核,实现对采集数据的处理,同时设计了IP核与嵌入式系统的接口。在Xilinx公司的ISE开发工具中,利用FPGA器件中的硬FIFO控制器辅助设计IP核,利用嵌入式开发工具EDK建立FPGA嵌入式系统,并添加和修改了用户自定义IP核,通过仿真验证了该方法的实效性。     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.     

Editorial: Special issue on recent advances in hybrid control theory and applications

正The demands of a rapidly advancing technology for faster and more accurate controllers have always had a strong influence on the progress of automatic control theory.In recent years control problems have been arising with increasing frequency in widely different areas,which cannot be addressed using conventional control techniques.The principal reason for this is the fact that a highly competitive economy is forcing systems to operate in regimes where     

Information for Authors

正Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)areedited by the international board of distinguished Chinese andforeign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest devel-opments and achievements in scientific research in China andoverseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulateand promote academic exchange between Chinese and for-eign scientists everywhere.     

Enhancing a leaf radiative transfer model to estimate concentrations and in vivo specific absorption coefficients of total carotenoids and chlorophylls a and b from single-needle reflectance and transmittance

The relative concentrations of different pigments within a leaf have significant physiological and spectral consequences. Photosynthesis, light use efficiency, mass and energy exchange, and stress response are dependent on relationships among an ensemble of pigments. This ensemble also determines the visible characteristics of a leaf, which can be measured remotely and used to quantify leaf biochemistry and structure. But current remote sensing approaches are limited in their ability to resolve individual pigments. This paper focuses on the incorporation of three pigments—chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total carotenoids—into the LIBERTY leaf radiative transfer model to better understand relationships between leaf biochemical, biophysical, and spectral properties.Pinus ponderosa and Pinus jeffreyi needles were collected from three sites in the California Sierra Nevada. Hemispheric single-leaf visible reflectance and transmittance and concentrations of chlorophylls a and b and total carotenoids of fresh needles were measured. These data were input to the enhanced LIBERTY model to estimate optical and biochemical properties of pine needles. The enhanced model successfully estimated reflectance (RMSE = 0.0255, BIAS = 0.00477, RMS%E = 16.7%), had variable success estimating transmittance (RMSE = 0.0442, BIAS = 0.0294, RMS%E = 181%), and generated very good estimates of carotenoid concentrations (RMSE = 2.48 µg/cm², BIAS = 0.143 µg/cm², RMS%E = 20.4%), good estimates of chlorophyll a concentrations (RMSE = 10.7 µg/cm², BIAS = − 0.992 µg/cm², RMS%E = 21.1%), and fair estimates of chlorophyll b concentrations (RMSE = 7.49 µg/cm², BIAS = − 2.12 µg/cm², RMS%E = 43.7%). Overall root mean squared errors of reflectance, transmittance, and pigment concentration estimates were lower for the three-pigment model than for the single-pigment model. The algorithm to estimate three in vivo specific absorption coefficients is robust, although estimated values are distorted by inconsistencies in model biophysics. The capacity to invert the model from single-leaf reflectance and transmittance was added to the model so it could be coupled with vegetation canopy models to estimate canopy biochemistry from remotely sensed data.     

Mr. Twinn’s bombes

This article discusses the history and design of the special versions of the bombe key-finding machines used by Britain’s Government Code & Cypher School (GC&CS) during World War II to attack the Enigma traffic of the Abwehr (the German military intelligence service). These special bombes were based on the design of their more numerous counterparts used against the traffic of the German armed services, but differed from them in important ways that highlight the adaptability of the British bombe design, and the power and flexibility of the diagonal board. Also discussed are the changes in the Abwehr indicating system that drove the development of these machines, the ingenious ways in which they were used, and some related developments involving the bombes used by the U.S. Navy’s cryptanalytic unit (OP-20-G).