建筑外窗热工性能对空调能耗与节能的影响分析

利用建筑环境模拟软件DeST-c,对广州某办公建筑外窗热工性能对空调能耗的影响进行了计算,计算结果表明减小外窗遮阳系数能显著降低空调能耗,当遮阳系数从0.9减小至0.2时空调耗冷量可降低26%;而外窗传热系数对空调能耗影响较小.并通过对全年逐时空调节能率进行分析,研究了遮阳系数影响空调能耗的机理,发现遮阳系数减小引起较...     

中国传统民居外窗遮阳系数研究

分析了传统民居屋檐、檐廊以及建筑布局对南向外窗的遮阳作用。通过对典型建筑实例计算后发现:传统民居的屋檐的遮阳效果随其挑出长度而增大,当挑出长度为0.5m时,外窗平均综合遮阳系数不大于0.5;当挑出长度为1.5m而成为檐廊时,综合遮阳系数不大于0.35;东、西侧建筑分别在午前和午后对与其正交相邻的外窗具有很好的遮阳效果,两者距离越近,遮阳作用越明显;南侧对面建筑对其北侧建筑外窗的遮阳作用不大。     

基于综合降荷的住宅建筑窗水平遮阳方式优化设计

以南窗和西窗为研究对象,以平均降荷系数、遮阳系数和年综合降荷指标作为衡量窗户遮阳效果的指标,对水平遮阳板的尺寸和板窗距埘遮阳系数和降荷效果进行了综合分析,并根据重庆地区的气候条件,得到了该地区南窗遮刚板的最佳设计尺寸和板窗距,并指出了水平遮阳在西窗综合降荷(节能)方面存在的不足.     

水平遮阳方式在住宅建筑南窗遮阳应用上的探讨

太阳辐射得热是夏季空调负荷的重要组成部分,同时也是冬季采暖负荷的安全系数。因此,合理的遮阳就成为暖通空调领域节能的一个途径。该文以平均遮阳系数作为衡量遮阳效果的指标,以住宅建筑的南窗为研究对象,针对水平遮阳方式,定量分析了我国一些地区水平遮阳板构型尺寸对冬夏季遮阳效果的影响程度。并在综合考虑多方面因素的基础上,给出了这些地区南窗遮阳板构型设计的最佳尺寸。     

北京市某高校建筑围护结构对能耗影响敏感性研究

以北京市某高校教学建筑为例，采用局部因素敏感性分析法，分析围护结构参数对建筑采暖能耗和制冷能耗的影响规律。结果显示：各围护结构参数对建筑采暖、制冷能耗影响程度的平均敏感度排序为外窗遮阳系数>外窗传热系数>外墙传热系数>屋顶传热系数。     

建筑节能有关法规及热工计算方法探讨（下）

为了定量地说明体型系数、窗墙比、建筑朝向、窗户材质、外墙及屋顶的保温及遮阳等对于该模型综合指标的影响程度，我们做了大量的计算，并总结出如下规律。利用这些规律，对于类似的建筑，我们可以不通过计算就能基本定量地进行评估。     

窗总热阻和遮阳系数的动态测试

针对夏季室外热扰变化剧烈，室内外热传递为非稳定传热的情况，提出了测量窗总热阻R0值和遮阳系数SC值的动态防护热箱方法，并用这个方法实际测试了广州地区某住宅西向外窗，介绍了测试过程和数据处理过程。本实验方法是对现场动态测定窗节能参数的探索，为研究南方夏季窗口节能的动态测试工作提供了参考。     

国内可再生能源文献信息

GN080101 甲醇-水蒸气重整制氢反应器新进展;GN080102 中国传统民居外窗遮阳系数研究;GN080103 天然采光对建筑能耗影响的研究;GN080104 地源热泵的地域特性及热平衡问题;GN080105 太阳能热泵低温地板辐射供暖系统的研究与展望……     

玻璃窗内加布帘后传热性能的研究

对玻璃窗内加布帘后的传热系数进行了测定。实验的窗系统分别为单层玻璃和双层玻璃内加布帘。实验中考虑了布帘边缘自然松弛和布布边缘密封的影响。通过对１００％玻璃的窗系统进行实验，得出该条件下传热系数的经验关系式，然后对窗框类型和环境风速的影响进行修正。修正后的传热系数经验公式可以方便地用于实际窗系统的瞬态传热计算。     

纺织空调新风窗遮阳的节能

目前纺织行业空调的新风窗,习惯上都采用侧窗进风,无遮阳措施。由于新风窗面积较大,所造成的日照射热增加了冷负荷。本文就如何利用建筑物本身的外遮阳来减少日射热的冷负荷,作一探讨。宁波地理位于东经121°43′北纬29°48′以8月21日16点窗面太刚方位-4°视在高度角32°,西向日射热最大值D_(J_max)为463kcal/(m~2·h),热负荷系数C_(cL)为0.54。南区日射热最大值为149kcal/(m~2·h),冷负荷系数为0.52。水平凸出物每米所造成的影长为0.625米。综合遮阳系数C_Z为0.30。这样透过新风窗的日照射所增冷负荷计算公式为:     

Optimum design and analysis of the application of the air slot on the building horizontal sun-shading board

The sun-shading board is an important way to improve the indoor thermal environment. And air slot is the critical component to improve ventilation effect of sun-shading board. It not only can promote heat dissipation of sun-shading board but also can improve ventilation effect of building window. The shading coefficient of shading board and vorticity influence of air slot are the main principles of designing configuration and size of air slot. The horizontal sun-shading board of residential building south window in Nanjing is the study object. The shading and ventilation effect of shading board with various configurations and size is analyzed quantitatively. And appropriate configuration and size are obtained on the basis of comprehensive consideration of various factors.     

遮阳型节能玻璃的全年节能评价

提出遮阳型节能玻璃的全年节能评价新方法，即太阳辐射综合节能效率SEC计算公式，将夏季遮阳节能与冬季透光节能同时考虑，不仅包含太阳辐射、建筑体形等常规建筑热工问题，而且还加入供暖空调系统设备的能效问题，该评价方法可用于全国不同地区的建筑玻璃系统选型，对建筑物冬季太阳能的合理利用具有积极意义。     

Optical and solar parameters of irradiated lead–alkali–silicate glass

Lead–alkali–silicate glass that is used for a shielding window of hot cells in nuclear technology has been irradiated by a ⁶⁰Co radioisotope source between 0.998 and 35.939 kGray dose levels. Gamma rays can affect glass and change its several optical and solar parameters such as secondary internal heat transfer factor (q_i), direct solar transmittance (τ_e), solar factor (g) and shading coefficient via the absorbed dose. It is aimed to investigate the performance of the glass in terms of the shading coefficient, which is the most important parameter to view clearly inside of the hot cell. Furthermore, a comparative evaluation has been done with respect to the unexposed lead–alkali–silicate glass. Change in the shading coefficient with respect to absorbed dose is extremely important.     

Direction Dependence of Savings on Cooling and Heating Loads by Energy Efficient Windows

The energy saving performance of energy efficient windows has strong dependence on window direction. Transmitted insolation level definitely affected the cooling and heating load. Simple simulation on the decrement of cooling load and the increment of heating load of a shading window compared with those of a transparent window show the prospect of energy saving effect clearly.From southeastward to southwestward, shading window even enlarges total heating and cooling loads when the thermal transmission is the same. However, if the shading coefficient of window is switched between summer and winter, total cooling and heating load can be reduced. This result clarifies the importance of ＂smart window＂.     

External window shading treatment effects on internal environmental temperature of buildings

External shading treatment affects the solar energy incident on a window, and the energy deposited in the room through the window. Since the temperature in a room is dependent on how much solar energy goes into or is lost from the room through the fenestration areas, the walls, roofs and other enclosing surfaces, it would be expected that the modifying effect of an external shading treatment does also affect the inside temperature. This paper presents the procedure for determining such an effect. Two numerical examples are presented. Using the procedure, the inside environmental temperatures for windows with different external shading treatments are studied. The results indicate that the temperature drops with increasing shading depths. The results also show that reveals are by far the most effective shading treatment in the tropics followed by over-hangs. Vertical side-fins are seen to be least effective.     

Effect of louver shading devices on building energy requirements

External louvers are increasingly used to provide solar protection for building glazed surfaces. In this work, a general study of the effect of louver shading devices applied to different façades of a building is carried out, for different locations (latitudes). Building energy requirements for a building in the cooling and heating seasons is quantified for different window and louver areas, under climatic conditions of Mexico (Mexico), Cairo (Egypt), Lisbon (Portugal), Madrid (Spain) and London (UK). Also, operative and indoor temperatures were calculated through simulations using TRNSYS software, whereas the model for the shading geometry study was solved with EES software. Both horizontal and vertical louver layouts were considered. The results show that the integration of louver shading devices in the building leads to indoor comfortable thermal conditions and may lead to significant energy savings, by comparison to a building without shading devices.