玻璃包覆纯铜微丝耐腐蚀性能及电学性能

制备硼硅酸盐玻璃包覆纯铜微丝,其主要尺寸范围为：铜丝直径4-30μm,玻璃包覆层厚度2-8μm;对微丝的耐腐蚀性能和电学性能进行评价。结果表明：玻璃包覆纯铜微丝在中性盐雾实验条件下,抗潮热盐雾腐蚀时间在240 h以上;对于外径25μm、包覆层厚度3.2μm和外径18μm、包覆层厚度2.5μm玻璃包覆纯铜微丝,平均击穿电压分别达到1 174 V和774 V,耐击穿电压分别在1 050 V和660 V以上;外径25μm、包覆层厚度3.2μm的玻璃包覆纯铜微丝抗软化击穿温度大于400℃。     

熔融纺丝微熔池磁热耦合有限元数值模拟

针对玻璃包覆纯铜微丝的制备,建立熔融纺丝微熔池温度场的有限元模型,采用磁热耦合方法分析原料质量、加热电流、感应线圈匝数及锥角对微熔池平均温度及下部与上部温差的影响规律。结果表明:随着原料质量的增大,平均温度降低,温差增大;加热电流对微熔池温度影响较大;考虑综合效果,采用锥角为110°的4匝螺旋锥型感应线圈是较合理的。以数值模拟结果为基础,实验制备了芯丝直径为14μm、玻璃包覆层厚度为15μm的玻璃包覆纯铜微丝。     

定向凝固法控制M2高速钢中共晶碳化物形貌演变行为

采用真空布里奇曼定向凝固技术,通过控制凝固过程中的抽拉速度,制备了不同冷却速率下凝固的M2高速钢,研究了M2高速钢凝固过程中共晶组织形貌的演变及演变机制。结果表明:根据试样的抽拉速度与温度梯度之间的关系,能够实现定向凝固过程中冷却速度的精确控制,且抽拉速度与冷却速度成正比。增大抽拉速度可促进共晶碳化物由层片状向短棒状转变。当抽拉速度低于500μm/s时,共晶碳化物形貌为粗大层片状;当抽拉速度远高于500μm/s时,共晶碳化物形貌为短棒状;当抽拉速度为500μm/s时,共晶碳化物形貌为两者的混合。两种不同形貌的共晶碳化物都是M_2C型碳化物。增大抽拉速度能够促进共晶碳化物的析出,同时共晶碳化物中合金元素含量降低。当抽拉速度从20μm/s增加到10 000μm/s时,马氏体(110)晶面间距从2.060 7■减小至2.055 3■。     

真空熔炼直接定向凝固制备99.999%高纯铜大铸锭

对真空熔炼直接定向凝固制备99.999%高纯铜大尺寸铸锭进行了研究,探索了制备99.999%高纯铜时真空精炼温度、时间和蒸气压对去除杂质的影响,及温度梯度对大尺寸铸锭定向凝固的影响和杂质分布规律,采用GDMS(辉光放电质谱仪)对杂质元素进行了检测。结果表明:真空熔炼直接定向凝固能够将原料为99.9988711%的电解阴极铜,制备成99.9996219%~99.9995833%的高纯铜Φ67mm大尺寸铸锭;真空熔炼可以使蒸气压比Cu高的杂质元素有效去除;通过定向凝固的提纯,杂质去除效果较好,说明定向凝固有利于99.999%高纯铜大尺寸铸锭的提纯制备。     

连铸工艺参数对复合铜包钢线组织与性能的影响EI北大核心CSCD

连铸复合法是制备高性能金属复合材料的新方法,提高连铸速度对提高生产效率、降低生产成本具有重要现实意义,连铸速度的提升将显著影响连铸复合过程凝固行为和铸坯质量。本研究采用连铸复合法制备外径8.7 mm、芯材直径6 mm的纯铜包覆Q235钢线,研究较高速连铸状态下工艺参数对铜包钢线表面质量、铜包覆层组织、界面扩散层厚度和界面剪切强度的影响。结果表明:在连铸速度300~420 mm/min、复合温度1150℃、一次冷却水流量400~800 L/h、二冷水流量100 L/h的工艺条件下制备的铜包钢线表面质量较好,铜层晶粒细小,界面结合强度高。     

石墨型-砂型铸造纯铜高炉冷却壁凝固过程数值模拟

采用石墨型-砂型复合铸造工艺制作纯铜冷却壁,利用MAGMA软件模拟了该工艺下纯铜冷却壁的凝固过程,包括建立模型、网格划分、参数设置、模拟结果分析等。结果表明,冷却壁遵循着从内浇道向冒口端的顺序凝固,冷却壁砂型一侧(上表面)对石墨型一侧(下表面)起到补缩作用,铸件凝固后没有出现显著的铸造缺陷,获得了致密的组织,达到了设计要求。浇注温度在1 150~1 200℃时,预埋铜管与基体冶金结合良好。     

含钛微合金钢凝固过程中TiN的析出行为分析

分别从热力学和动力学方面研究了低碳含钛微合金钢凝固过程选分结晶对TiN夹杂物析出的影响。热力学分析表明,液相线温度以上不会有TiN析出;由于凝固过程凝固前沿Ti、N元素富集,凝固分数达到0.377时,凝固前沿固相中开始析出TiN;凝固末期,Ti和N的富集程度进一步增大,固液相中均有TiN析出。动力学分析表明,随着冷却速度的降低,凝固过程TiN夹杂物的尺寸显著增加,当冷速高于50 K/s时,TiN的理论半径为5.5 μm,当冷速低于5 K/s时,TiN的理论半径在17.5 μm以上;固相中析出的TiN为纳米级别。铸坯中TiN析出物主要尺寸为1~5 μm,且大尺寸夹杂主要在铸坯厚度方向的1/4处和中心处析出,这表明铸坯中的大尺寸夹杂物是在凝固过程中析出的。     

冷却速度对CuCr25合金凝固过程的影响

研究了不同冷却速度下CuCr25合金的微观组织和凝固过程。随着冷却速度的增加，CuCr25合金的微观组织将变得越来越细。当冷却速度达到10^7K／s时，可获得纳米结构的微观组织。当冷却速度〈10^3K／s时，CuCr25合金的凝固过程为普通凝固过程：如果冷却速度〉10^4K／s，其凝固过程为液相分解凝固过程。在快速凝固过程中，CuCr25合金中没有新相形成。但是，Cu在富Cr相中和Cr在富Cu相中的溶解度有所增加。     

冷却速度变化对12Cr铸铁碳化物的影响

采用砂型、金属型、水冷浇注制备含Cr量为12%的过共晶铸铁。研究冷却速度变化对Cr12铸铁凝固组织中碳化物形成特征及碳化物类型转变的影响,探讨了碳化物类型发生转变的原因。结果表明:冷却速度对碳化物尺寸和碳化物类型有很大影响。在砂型和金属型冷却试样中,凝固组织的组成和初生碳化物的形貌没有明显变化,凝固组织均由块状的M7C3型初生碳化物和菊花状的共晶团(M7C3+奥氏体)所组成。金属型冷却试样的碳化物尺寸和共晶团尺寸比砂型试样的细小。水冷条件下,凝固组织中的碳化物有明显的方向性,碳化物尺寸明显减小,凝固组织中出现了M3C+M7C3混合型碳化物,冷却速度的差异改变了碳化物的类型。     

不同冷却速率下包晶合金Al3Ni凝固组织的变化

利用真空电弧炉制备了Al3Ni合金,在水冷铜坩埚中冷却和利用差示量热扫描分析仪(DSC)控制以20℃/min的速度冷却得到不同的合金试样,利用扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱分析(EDS)等手段,对这两种冷却条件下的Al3Ni合金的显微组织和微区成分进行了分析,研究表明,与强制冷却相比,以20℃/min的冷却速度凝固时凝固组织出现异常,先析出相Al 3Ni2组织变粗大,相对比例增加14.72%;包晶相Al3Ni只在先析出相周围很窄的范围内存在,相对比例减少31.21%.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

正~~     

Antimony Induced Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon

Antimony induced crystallization of PVD (physics vapor deposition) amorphous silicon can be observed on sapphire substrates. Very large crystalline regions up to several tens of micrometers can be formed. The Si diffraction patterns of the area of crystallization can be observed with TEM (transmission electron microscopy). Only a few and much smaller crystals of the order of 1μm were formed when the antimony layer was deposited by MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) compared with a layer formed by thermal evaporation. The use of high vacuum is essential in order to observe any Sb induced crystallization at all. In addition it is necessary to take measures to limit the evaporation of the antimony.     

A CUMULATIVE FATIGUE DAMAGE RULE UNDER THE ALTERNATIVE OF CORROSION OR CYCLIC LOADING

Fatigue damage increases with the applied loading cycles in a cumulative manner and the material deteriorates with the corrosion time. A cumulative fatigue damage rule under the alternative of corrosion or cyclic loading was proposed. The specimens of aluminum alloy LY12-CZ soaked in corrosive liquid for different times were tested under the constant amplitude cyclic loading to obtain S-N curves. The test was carried out to verify the proposed cumulative fatigue damage rule under the different combinations among corrosion time, loading level, and the cycle numbers. It was shown that the predicted residual fatigue lives showed a good agreement with the experimental results and the proposed rule was simple and can be easily adopted.