强不可伪造的双向代理重签名方案

在代理重签名中,一个拥有重签名密钥的半可信代理者可以把受托者的签名转换为委托者对同一消息的签名(即重签名),但该代理者不能单独生成受托者或委托者的签名。标准模型下的代理重签名方案多数是存在不可伪造性的,无法阻止敌手对已经签名过的消息重新伪造一个合法的签名。为此,利用基于密钥的目标抗碰撞杂凑函数,提出一种新的双向代理重签名方案。在计算Diffie-Hellman困难问题的假设下,证明该方案在适应性选择消息攻击下是强不可伪造的。分析结果表明,与已有强不可伪造的双向代理重签名方案相比,该方案的系统参数和重签名的长度短,且重签名的计算量小。     

基于身份的强不可伪造代理重签名方案

针对代理重签名方案的存在性不可伪造问题,利用目标抗碰撞杂凑函数和双线性映射,提出了一种基于身份的双向代理重签名方案。在计算Diffie-Hellman困难问题的假设下,证明了该方案在适应性选择消息攻击下是强不可伪造的。所提方案的系统参数和重签名的长度短,重签名的计算量小,解决了现有代理重签名方案中存在的密钥管理复杂和安全性低等问题。     

强不可伪造的在线/离线签名方案

针对标准模型下签名方案效率低的问题,利用目标抗碰撞杂凑函数和变色龙哈希函数,提出了一种在线/离线签名方案。在签名消息到来之前,离线阶段进行重签名的大部分计算,并将这些运算结果保存起来;在签名消息到来时,利用离线阶段保存的数据能在很短的时间内生成消息的在线重签名。在标准模型下,证明了新方案在适应性选择消息攻击下满足强不可伪造性。分析结果表明,新方案在效率上优于已有的标准模型下签名方案,在线签名算法仅需要1次模减法运算和1次模乘法运算,适合于计算能力较弱的低端计算设备。     

基于身份的双向门限代理重签名方案

基于Shao等提出的基于身份的代理重签名方案,构造了一种标准模型下可证安全的基于身份的双向门限代理重签名方案,避免了传统公钥证书所带来的存储和管理开销问题,解决了代理重签名方案中代理者权利过大的难题。方案能容忍t相似文献   

具有聚合性质的无证书代理重签名方案

现有的代理重签名大多是基于证书或身份的密码系统,存在证书管理和密钥托管等问题。为了克服已有代理重签名方案的安全性依赖强和计算开销大等缺陷,结合代理重签名和无证书公钥密码体制,设计了一种具有聚合性质的无证书代理重签名方案,可将任意长度集合上的签名或者重签名聚合成一个集合上的签名,有效减少了签名验证的计算代价和通信成本。分析结果表明,新方案具有较短的签名长度和重签名长度,并且在k MCDH假设下是存在性不可伪造的。     

基于辫群的代理签名方案的分析与改进

对两个基于辫群的代理签名方案进行了分析,发现它们并不满足不可伪造性。第一个方案中不能抵抗原始签名人改变攻击,在第二个方案中任何攻击者可以伪造一个有效的代理签名,在该签名中,代理签名者以及消息可以任意指定。根据上述缺陷,提出一个改进的强代理签名方案, 新方案在不增加计算复杂性的前提下,保证了签名的安全性,同时代理授权过程中还增加了不需要安全通道的性质。     

改进的代理环签名方案*

对Luo提出的代理环签名方案分析发现该方案不具备不可伪造性,攻击者无须原始签名人的代理授权能够伪造出一个有效的代理环签名。为了防止这种伪造攻击,基于双线性对和GDH群,通过修正代理环签名的签名算法和相应的验证等式提出一个改进方案。安全分析表明改进方案克服了原方案的安全缺陷,满足代理环签名的所有安全要求,而且改进方案保持了原方案计算效率高的优点。     

带消息恢复功能的代理盲签名方案分析与改进

对俞建英等人提出的具有消息恢复功能的代理盲签名方案(计算机应用与软件,2011年第2期)进行安全性分析,指出在该方案中指定验证者可以冒充代理签名者对任意消息伪造代理盲签名,且代理签名者和指定验证者合谋可以追踪消息拥有者。为此,提出一种可以抵抗指定验证者的伪造攻击和链接攻击的代理盲签名方案。分析结果表明,改进的方案具有强不可伪造性、不可否认性、不可链接性和保密性等安全性质。     

改进的基于证书的聚合代理签名方案

针对喻琇瑛等（喻琇瑛,何大可.基于双线性对的聚合代理签名.中南大学学报（自然科学版）,2015,46（12）：4535-4541.）提出的聚合代理签名方案进行分析,指出该方案存在已知一个有效签名的情况下可伪造任意消息的有效签名漏洞,在此基础上提出了一个改进的基于证书的聚合代理签名方案,给出了一种新的攻击模型,并在随机预言机模型下证明了新方案针对新的攻击者是存在性不可伪造的。改进后的新方案能够抵抗合谋攻击和伪造签名攻击,适用于计算受限以及实时要求高的应用场合。     

高效可证明安全的无证书代理签名方案

为提高无证书代理签名方案的计算效率,提出了一个高效的无证书代理签名方案。该方案的安全性基于椭圆曲线离散对数难题,不使用双线性对,其效率比现有的无证书代理签名方案有很大提高。在部分代理钥生成阶段只需1个标量乘,在部分代理钥验证阶段只需2个标量乘,在代理签名阶段只需1个标量乘,在代理签名验证阶段只需6个标量乘,且签名长度较短。所提方案对于超级攻击者在适应性选择消息与身份下是存在性不可伪造的,适用于对计算和存储等资源有严格限制的实际应用场合。     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.     

Editorial: Special issue on recent advances in hybrid control theory and applications

正The demands of a rapidly advancing technology for faster and more accurate controllers have always had a strong influence on the progress of automatic control theory.In recent years control problems have been arising with increasing frequency in widely different areas,which cannot be addressed using conventional control techniques.The principal reason for this is the fact that a highly competitive economy is forcing systems to operate in regimes where     

Information for Authors

正Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)areedited by the international board of distinguished Chinese andforeign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest devel-opments and achievements in scientific research in China andoverseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulateand promote academic exchange between Chinese and for-eign scientists everywhere.     

Enhancing a leaf radiative transfer model to estimate concentrations and in vivo specific absorption coefficients of total carotenoids and chlorophylls a and b from single-needle reflectance and transmittance

The relative concentrations of different pigments within a leaf have significant physiological and spectral consequences. Photosynthesis, light use efficiency, mass and energy exchange, and stress response are dependent on relationships among an ensemble of pigments. This ensemble also determines the visible characteristics of a leaf, which can be measured remotely and used to quantify leaf biochemistry and structure. But current remote sensing approaches are limited in their ability to resolve individual pigments. This paper focuses on the incorporation of three pigments—chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total carotenoids—into the LIBERTY leaf radiative transfer model to better understand relationships between leaf biochemical, biophysical, and spectral properties.Pinus ponderosa and Pinus jeffreyi needles were collected from three sites in the California Sierra Nevada. Hemispheric single-leaf visible reflectance and transmittance and concentrations of chlorophylls a and b and total carotenoids of fresh needles were measured. These data were input to the enhanced LIBERTY model to estimate optical and biochemical properties of pine needles. The enhanced model successfully estimated reflectance (RMSE = 0.0255, BIAS = 0.00477, RMS%E = 16.7%), had variable success estimating transmittance (RMSE = 0.0442, BIAS = 0.0294, RMS%E = 181%), and generated very good estimates of carotenoid concentrations (RMSE = 2.48 µg/cm², BIAS = 0.143 µg/cm², RMS%E = 20.4%), good estimates of chlorophyll a concentrations (RMSE = 10.7 µg/cm², BIAS = − 0.992 µg/cm², RMS%E = 21.1%), and fair estimates of chlorophyll b concentrations (RMSE = 7.49 µg/cm², BIAS = − 2.12 µg/cm², RMS%E = 43.7%). Overall root mean squared errors of reflectance, transmittance, and pigment concentration estimates were lower for the three-pigment model than for the single-pigment model. The algorithm to estimate three in vivo specific absorption coefficients is robust, although estimated values are distorted by inconsistencies in model biophysics. The capacity to invert the model from single-leaf reflectance and transmittance was added to the model so it could be coupled with vegetation canopy models to estimate canopy biochemistry from remotely sensed data.     

Mr. Twinn’s bombes

This article discusses the history and design of the special versions of the bombe key-finding machines used by Britain’s Government Code & Cypher School (GC&CS) during World War II to attack the Enigma traffic of the Abwehr (the German military intelligence service). These special bombes were based on the design of their more numerous counterparts used against the traffic of the German armed services, but differed from them in important ways that highlight the adaptability of the British bombe design, and the power and flexibility of the diagonal board. Also discussed are the changes in the Abwehr indicating system that drove the development of these machines, the ingenious ways in which they were used, and some related developments involving the bombes used by the U.S. Navy’s cryptanalytic unit (OP-20-G).