TPU和纳米SiO2改性聚丙烯的非等温结晶动力学

采用示差扫描量热法研究PP、PP/TPU、PP/TPU/纳米SiO2复合材料的非等温结晶动力学.采用 Jeziorny法、Ozawa法和莫志深法研究结晶动力学参数.研究发现Ozawa法不适合处理PP及其复合材料的非等温结晶行为,而Jeziorny法和莫志深法则能很好处理.结果表明:TPU和纳米SiO2起到异相成核的作用,使PP的结晶峰温升高,结晶速率加快.TPU和纳米粒子的填充使PP的结晶活化能增大.     

PA 6非等温结晶动力学研究

用差示扫描量热法研究了聚酰胺(PA)6的非等温结晶动力学,并分别用Ozawa法、Jeziorny法和莫志深方程法处理PA 6的非等温结晶行为。结果表明:Ozawa法和Jeziorny法均不能很好地描述PA 6非等温结晶过程;莫志深方程结合Avrami和Ozawa方程,可很好地描述PA 6非等温结晶过程;PA 6的结晶受温度的影响较大,一旦成核,结晶可在短时间内发展得比较完善。     

T-ZnOw和POE改性聚丙烯的非等温结晶动力学

用 DSC 考察了 PP、PP/POE 和 PP/POE/T-ZnOw 复合材料的非等温结晶行为,并用 Jeziorny 法、Ozawa 法和莫志深法计算了复合材料的非等温结晶动力学参数,发现 Jeziorny 法和莫志深法能很好地分析 PP 及其复合材料的非等温结晶行为,而 Ozawa 方程则不适用。分析结果表明:POE 和 T-ZnOw 的加入起到了异相成核的作用,提高了PP 基体的结晶速率,其中 T-ZnOw 的作用更为明显。Kissinger 公式的分析结果显示 PP 的结晶活化能（339.94 kJ/mol）大于 PP/POE（262.03 kJ/mol）和 PP/POE/T-ZnOw（259.79 kJ/mol）复合材料的结晶活化能。     

PE-LLD/纳米CaCO3复合材料非等温结晶动力学研究

利用DSC研究线形低密度聚乙烯(PE-LLD)和PE-LLD/纳米碳酸钙(PE-LLD/Nano-CaCO3)复合材料的非等温结晶行为,并用Jeziorny法和莫志深法对所得的数据进行动力学分析。结果表明,Jeziorny法、莫志深法能够较好地处理非等温结晶过程。用Jeziorny法处理结果表明,PE-LLD的结晶速率大于PE-LLD/Nano-CaCO3复合材料;在相同的降温速率下,Nano-CaCO3加入使得复合体系结晶速率先略微下降后再升高,且当Nano-CaCO3的质量分数为10%时,复合体系的结晶速率最低。Avrami指数n在1.47～2.13之间变化。用莫志深法得出的结论与Jeziorny法一致,b值在0.75～1.22之间变化。     

PA6/硅灰石纤维复合材料的非等温结晶动力学研究

采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了PA6/硅灰石纤维复合材料的非等温结晶行为,分别采用Jeziorny法、Ozawa法和Mo法对非等温结晶动力学进行了分析,经过计算得到相应的非等温结晶动力学参数。结果表明:复合材料的结晶分为初期结晶阶段和二次结晶阶段,随着降温速率的增大,结晶温度降低,结晶温度范围变大,结晶速率增大。Jeziorny法和Mo法能较好地描述复合材料的非等温结晶过程,而Ozawa法不适合描述该过程。     

尼龙6/高岭土复合材料的非等温结晶行为研究

用差示扫描量热法研究了尼龙6/高岭土复合材料的熔融结晶行为,并用Jeziorny法、Ozawa法、Mo法对复合材料的非等温结晶动力学进行研究。结果表明,3种高岭土的加入均使复合体系的熔融峰变窄,熔点增加;结晶峰温和结晶起始温度提高,结晶速率增大;高岭土填料起到异相成核作用;Jeziorny法、Mo法均适合分析尼龙6及复合体系的非等温结晶动力学过程,而Ozawa法不适合。     

环己烷羧酸盐成核剂改性PLLA的非等温结晶行为研究

采用差示扫描量热(DSC)法考察了环己烷羧酸盐成核剂N-20的引入对左旋聚乳酸(PLLA)非等温结晶行为的影响,然后通过Jeziorny法、Ozawa法和莫志深法对改性PLLA材料的非等温结晶动力学进行了分析。结果表明:N-20的引入使PLLA的结晶能力得到显著提升,其中,N-20添加量为1.0%的改性PLLA试样的结晶性能优于添加量为0.4%的试样;N-20添加量的增加并未改变PLLA晶体的生长模式,但加快了结晶速率。此外,Jeziorny法、Ozawa法和莫志深法三种分析方法中,仅莫志深法适合于描述改性PLLA材料的非等温结晶过程,其分析结果与DSC测试结果相一致。     

聚酰胺612的非等温结晶动力学研究

采用差示扫描量热仪研究了聚酞胺612在不同降温速率下的非等温结晶行为,并用Jeziorny法、Ozawa法和莫志深法对DSC测试数据进行了处理。结果表明,随降温速率的增加,其结晶峰从高温向低温方向移动,峰形变宽,结晶时间缩短,结晶加快。聚酚胺612的非等温结晶动力学能较好地符合莫志深法和Jeziomy法。采用Kissinger方程计算出聚酞胺612的非等温结晶活化能为293.0U/mol。     

TPV及其微发泡复合材料的非等温结晶动力学研究

以热膨胀发泡微球为发泡剂,采用双螺杆挤出机及模压法制备了微发泡三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)/聚丙烯(PP)复合材料。利用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了该热塑性硫化胶(TPV)及其微发泡复合材料的非等温结晶动力学。结果表明:TPV及其发泡复合材料的非等温结晶过程与Ozawa动力学方程不符,但可用Jeziorny和莫志深(Mo)动力学方程描述。微发泡复合材料的起始结晶温度、最大结晶温度在同一降温速率下均比相应的TPV高,这表明发泡微球具有一定的成核作用;另外,表征结晶速率的半结晶时间(t1/2)明显延长,说明发泡微球的加入对TPV结晶有一定的延缓作用,而复合物较大的空间体积结构所导致的位阻效应是延缓TPV结晶的主要原因。     

LLDPE/粉煤灰复合材料非等温结晶动力学研究

利用差示扫描量热法(DSC)结合Avrami方程研究了线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、LLDPE/Fly Ash(粉煤灰)的非等温结晶动力学。通过Jeziorny法、Ozawa法和莫志深法分别对非等温结晶过程进行处理,采用Kissinger法和Takhor法得到迁移活化能。结果显示,粉煤灰粉体的加入阻碍了LLDPE分子链的规则排列,影响了链段的结晶扩散迁移规整排列,使LLDPE的结晶速率变慢,对LLDPE晶体生长起了抑制作用。由Ozawa法分析实验数据,得到的线性关系很差,因此也很难得到可靠的动力学参数。在所有结晶速率下,样品的Avrami指数n值在1.42～2.09之间变化,说明粉煤灰的加入对LLDPE的成核与生长方式的影响有限。用莫志深法得出的结论与Jeziorny法一致,b值在0.76～1.13之间变化。     

LLDPE/粉煤灰复合材料非等温结晶动力学研究简

利用差示扫描量热法（DSC）结合Avrami方程研究了线性低密度聚乙烯（LLDPE）、LLDPE/Fly Ash（粉煤灰）的非等温结晶动力学.通过Jeziomy法、Ozawa法和莫志深法分别对非等温结晶过程进行处理,采用Kissinger法和Takhor法得到迁移活化能.结果显示,粉煤灰粉体的加入阻碍了LLDPE分子链的规则排列,影响了链段的结晶扩散迁移规整排列,使LLDPE的结晶速率变慢,对LLDPE晶体生长起了抑制作用.由Ozawa法分析实验数据,得到的线性关系很差,因此也很难得到可靠的动力学参数.在所有结晶速率下,样品的Avrami指数n值在1.42 ～2.09之间变化,说明粉煤灰的加入对LLDPE的成核与生长方式的影响有限.用莫志深法得出的结论与Jeziorny法一致,b值在0.76～1.13之间变化.     

Evaluation of nonisothermal crystallization kinetic models for linear poly(phenylene sulfide)

The nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of linear Poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) was studied with differential scanning calorimetry. Ozawa theory, Jeziorny model, and Mo equation were applied to describe the crystallization kinetics and to determine the crystallization parameters and mechanism of the linear PPS resin. The crystallization activation energies were also calculated using Kissinger formula and Flynn‐Wall‐Ozawa equation, respectively. According to the Ozawa model, it is found that instantaneous nucleation takes place during crystallization of PPS; the Ozawa exponent m is 3 in initial stage of crystallization; as the crystallization temperature decreases, the value of m reduces, and the growth rate of crystal almost keeps a constant. The Avrami exponent n obtained from Jeziorny model fluctuate around 1.84. Based on the Jeziorny model, the crystallization rate increases with increasing the cooling rate, but it does not change any longer when the cooling rate rise to a certain value. Mo equation also exhibits great advantages in treating the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of PPS. The activation energy E of nonisothermal crystallization process of PPS is calculated to be −162.73 kJ/mol by the Kissinger formula, and the mean value of E determined by Flynn‐Wall‐Ozawa equation is −152.40 kJ/mol. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of a semicrystalline copolyterephthalamide based on poly(decamethylene terephthalamide)

The isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of a semicrystalline copolyterephthalamide based on poly(decamethylene terephthalamide) (PA‐10T) was studied by differential scanning calorimetry. Several kinetic analyses were used to describe the crystallization process. The commonly used Avrami equation and the one modified by Jeziorny were used, respectively, to describe the primary stage of isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization. The Avrami exponent n was evaluated to be in the range of 2.36–2.67 for isothermal crystallization, and of 3.05–5.34 for nonisothermal crystallization. The Ozawa analysis failed to describe the nonisothermal crystallization behavior, whereas the Mo–Liu equation, a combination equation of Avrami and Ozawa formulas, successfully described the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics. In addition, the value of crystallization rate coefficient under nonisothermal crystallization conditions was calculated. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 819–826, 2004     

NONISOTHERMAL CRYSTALLIZATION KINETICS AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PP/NANO-SiO2 COMPOSITES

The nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of polypropylene (PP)/nano-SiO₂ composites was studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The modified Avrami theories by Jeziorny, Ozawa, and Mo were used to analyze the data of DSC. The results showed that both the Jeziorny and Mo methods could describe this system very well, but the Ozawa analysis failed. The activation energy was evaluated by the Kissinger method. It was found that the crystallization activation energy of PP was higher than that of PP/nano-SiO₂ composites. The determined results of mechanical properties showed that the addition of nano-SiO₂ increased the mechanical properties of the PP. Micrographs of Polarized optical micrograph (POM) further demonstrated that nano-SiO₂ could toughen the PP.     

Nonisothermal crystallization behavior of biodegradable poly(butylene terephthalate‐co‐butylene adipate‐co‐ethylene terephthalate‐co‐ethylene adipate) copolyester

A series of biodegradable aliphatic‐aromatic copolyester, poly(butylene terephthalate‐co‐butylene adipate‐co‐ethylene terephthalate‐co‐ethylene adipate) (PBATE), were synthesized from terephthalic acid (PTA), adipic acid (AA), 1,4‐butanediol (BG) and ethylene glycol (EG) by direct esterification and polycondensation. The nonisothermal crystallization behavior of PBATE copolyesters was studied by the means of differential scanning calorimeter, and the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics were analyzed via the Avrami equation modified by Jeziorny, Ozawa analysis and Z.S. Mo method, respectively. The results show that the crystallization peak temperature of PBATE copolyesters shifted to lower temperature at higher cooling rate. The modified Avrami equation could describe the primary stage of nonisothermal crystallization of PBATE copolyesters. The value of the crystallization half‐time (t_1/2) and the crystallization parameter (Z_c) indicates that the crystallization rate of PBATE copolyesters with more PTA content was higher than that with less PTA at a given cooling rate. Ozawa analysis was not suitable to study the nonisothermal crystallization process of PBATE copolyesters, but Z.S. Mo method was successful in treatingthis process. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Effective method for dispersing SiO2 nanoparticles into polyethylene

The nonisothermal crystallization behavior and kinetics of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and PTFE/solid glass microsphere (SGM) composites were investigated with differential scanning calorimetry at various cooling rates (?'s). Three methods, namely, the Jeziorny, Ozawa and Mo methods, were used to describe the nonisothermal crystallization process. The results show that the peak temperature, crystallinity (X_c), and crystallization half‐time were strongly dependent on the content of SGMs and ?. The SGMs in the PTFE/SGM composites exhibited a higher nucleation activity. The nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of PTFE and the PTFE/SGM composites was analyzed successfully with the Jeziorny and Mo methods; however, the Ozawa equation was invalid for the nonisothermal crystallization process. The crystallization activation energy determined with the Kissinger equation was remarkably lower when a small amount of SGMs (5%) was added and then gradually increased and finally became slightly lower than that of pure PTFE as the content of SGMs increased up to 25% in the composites. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

PET/滑石粉复合材料结晶性能、热性能和力学性能研究

采用差示扫描量热仪、热重分析仪等研究了滑石粉作为成核剂对聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）结晶性能、热性能以及力学性能的影响。结果表明,滑石粉的添加量为0.5 %（质量分数,下同）时,可有效改善PET的结晶性能,结晶温度（Tc）比经历相同热历程的PET空白试样提高11.36 ℃,且结晶完善程度随降温速率的减小而提高;非等温结晶动力学研究发现,Jeziorny法和莫志深法更符合复合材料的非等温结晶过程,而二次结晶的存在使Ozawa法并不适用;由于滑石粉与基体树脂相容性好并可均匀分散,从而很好地保持了原树脂的热性能,且所得复合材料的力学性能均有所提高,其中拉伸性能提高12 %。     

铸型PA 6/TiO2纳米复合材料的非等温结晶行为

采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了铸型聚酰胺(PA)6/TiO2纳米复合材料在不同冷却速率下的非等温结晶行为,并用Jeziomy法、Ozawa法和Mo法对DSC测定结果进行了处理。结果表明：纳米TiO2对铸型PA6起到异相成核的作用,提高了铸型PA6的结晶速率和结晶峰温,缩短了半结晶时间。3种方法对比后发现：Ozawa法不适用于铸型PA6及其纳米复合材料非等温结晶动力学的处理,Jeziomy法基本适合,而Mo法最适合。采用Kissinger法计算出铸型PA6及其TiO2纳米复合材料的结晶活化能,发现纳米粒子提高了铸型PA6的结晶活化能．说明纳米TiO2阻碍了铸型PA6的分子链在结晶时的运动。