Fe3+,Cr3+固溶尖晶石结构的红外辐射性能

用常规固相合成法成功地制备出Fe2O3和Cr2O3掺杂改性的尖晶石型红外辐射材料,并通过XRD、IR和IRE-2红外辐射仪测试了材料的微观结构,进而分析了材料的结构特征与红外辐射性能的关系,发现Fe2O3和Cr2O3的掺杂导致Fe3 和Cr3 分别以一定的配位形式进入体系中,并形成了(Mg,Fe)(Cr,Al)2O4混合型尖晶石结构,且随着体系中Fe2O3含量的提高,Cr2O3含量的降低,材料的红外辐射性能得到了很大改善,体系在全波段的辐射率为0.91,在＜8μm波段具有较低的红外辐射率,而在8～25μm波段的具有较高的辐射率,可达0.97.     

La2O3、Y2O3掺杂对(Na0.5Bi0.5)0.94Ba0.06TiO3无铅压电陶瓷性能的影响

以(Na0.5Bi0.5)0.94Ba0.06TiO3为基体,研究了单、双组分掺杂La2O3、Y2O3对BNBT6陶瓷的压电和介电性能及微观结构的影响。XRD分析表明:掺杂La2O3、Y2O3均得到钙钛矿结构。SEM分析表明,分别掺杂0.2%La2O3和0.2%Y2O3使得陶瓷晶粒增大,压电常数提高,双组分掺杂La2O3、Y2O3在掺杂量0.12%La2O3+0.08%Y2O3时,压电常数d33增大到最大值144.6×10-12C/N,介质损耗降低到最小值0.039。     

La2O3掺杂BST/Mg2TiO4微波复合陶瓷的制备和性能

用固相烧结法制备掺杂La2O3的Ba0.55Sr0.45TiO3/Mg2TiO4微波复合陶瓷,研究了掺杂对其微观结构、微波(f=10 GHz)介电性能和调谐率的影响.结果表明:当掺杂La2O3量(质量分数)为1.2%时,La3+进入BST晶格,且抑制了BST/Mg2TiO4中Ti从+4向+3价转化;La2O3的掺入比较...     

La2O3掺杂的SrTiO3陶瓷的介电性质

SrTiO_3陶瓷是一种具有多功能特性的介质材料。用La_2O_3掺杂改性的SrTiO_3陶瓷,可以提高其介电常数和降低介质损耗,对其介电温度特性和介电频率特性也有明显的改善.本文主要报道 La_2O_3对SrTiO_3陶瓷介电性质的影响。     

尖晶石LiMn2O4的掺杂研究进展

相对LiCoO2来说，价廉、低毒的尖晶石LiMn2O4作为高能锂离子电池最有潜力的正极材料已经成为市场研究的热点。但是，在充放电过程中其结构的不稳定制约了它的应用前景。为了得到结构稳定的尖晶石，许多研究小组通过掺杂其它元素来改性LiMn2O4。综述了近几年来在这方面的研究进展。     

Pr3+掺杂对SrAl2O4:Eu2+、Dy3+磷光体发光性能的影响

用燃烧法制备Pr~(3+)掺杂的SrAl_2O_4:Eu~(2+)、Dy~(3+)长余辉发光粉体,研究了Pr~(3+)掺杂对其发光性能的影响。结果表明,合成的单相SrAl_2O_4样品具有单斜晶系结构,荧光发射光谱是连续宽带谱,峰位于515 nm,激发光谱是峰值在320 nm和360 nm的连续宽带谱。掺杂Pr~(3+)对形成晶粒尺寸均匀的固溶体有一定的促进作用,使其余辉初始亮度为不掺杂时的3倍。     

尖晶石LiMn2O4的容量衰减及掺杂改性研究

分析了锂离子电池正极材料尖晶石LiMnO4在应用中容量衰减的难点,并对主要的影响因素如Mn溶解,Jahn-Teller效应,电解液的分解等,从机理上作出探讨,对尖晶石LiMn2O4的掺杂能够从改变d电子结构,缩小晶胞参数,减小从表面,改变Mn的平均氧化态等方面改变其结构,从而抑制其容量衰减,改善循环性能。     

La2O3掺杂载银磷酸锆及其抗菌EVA发泡材料的研究

以EVA为原料,氧化镧(La2O3)掺杂复合载银磷酸锆为抗菌剂,制备抗菌EVA发泡材料.采用无转子硫化仪、扫描电镜等仪器分析了La2O3掺杂复合载银磷酸锆对EVA发泡材料硫化性能、发泡性能、泡孔形态的影响,同时测试了EVA发泡材料的力学性能及抗菌率.结果表明:含2.8%La2O3掺杂复合载银磷酸锆的EVA发泡材料,其正硫化时间明显缩短,发泡压力增加,泡孔孔径增大,相对密度为120kg·m-3,拉伸强度2.12MPa,撕裂强度4.77kN·m-1,断裂伸长率238%,对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌率分别达到99.93%和99.29%,物理力学性能和抗菌性能优良.     

固相法合成La2Ni0.5M0.5O4+δ(M=Co,Cu)材料及电性能

使用金属氧化物La2O3,NiO,CuO和Co2O3作为原料,固相反应法能够合成出具有K2NiF4型结构单一相的、且晶粒尺寸在35～50nm范围的La2Ni0.5M0.5O4 δ(M=Co,Cu)粉料,用XRD、SEM和直流四极探针电导测试法研究了合成La2Ni0.5M0.5O4 δ(M=Co,Cu)粉料的煅烧工艺条件和掺杂元素对电性能的影响以及粉料的颗粒形貌.随着煅烧温度的升高和保温时间的延长,晶粒尺寸在不断长大;合成的粉料在1300℃烧结5h后所有样品的电导率在空气条件下于100～800℃范围内都在增加.掺杂C0或Cu后的材料La2NiO4 δ的电导率均有增加,但掺杂Co后材料电导率要大于掺杂Cu的电导率.为此确定La2Ni0.5M0.5O4 δ(M=Co,Cu)类粉料固相法合成的适宜煅烧条件为1400℃下保温时间14h.     

尖晶石结构Ni掺杂ZnFe2O4纳米颗粒的性能表征

利用水热法成功合成了纯ZnFe2O4和不同含量Ni掺杂Zn1-xNixFe2O4纳米颗粒。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)、选区电子衍射(SAED)、X射线能量色散分析(XEDS)、紫外可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)等测试技术研究掺杂浓度对Zn1-xNixFe2O4(x=0,0.1,0.3,0.5)样品的晶体结构、形貌、光学性能和磁学性能的影响。结果表明:所制备的Zn1-xNixFe2O4纳米颗粒结晶良好,Ni2+以替代Zn2+的形式掺杂到ZnFe2O4晶格中,生成立方尖晶石结构ZnFe2O4。随着Ni含量的增加,晶粒尺寸增大,晶格常数发生收缩。样品的形貌呈不规则的椭球形,且颗粒大小比较均匀。红外光谱的吸收峰位置并没有随Ni掺杂浓度的增加而变化。Zn1-xNixFe2O4纳米晶的光学带隙随Ni掺杂浓度增加而增大,与相应块体相比发生蓝移。在室温下,纯ZnFe2O4纳米晶呈现超顺磁性,掺杂样品具有明显的铁磁性。     

Cellulose-precursor synthesis of nanocrystalline Co0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4 spinel ferrites

Nanocrystalline Cu_0.5Co_0.5Fe₂O₄ powders were prepared via a metal-cellulose precursor synthetic route. Cellulose was used as a fuel and a dispersing agent. The resulting precursors were calcined in the temperature range of 450–600 °C. The phase development of the samples was determined by using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). The field-dependent magnetizations of the nanopowders were measured by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). All XRD patterns are of a spinel ferrite with cubic symmetry. Microstructure of the ferrites showed irregular shapes and uniform particles with agglomeration. From XRD data, the crystallite sizes are in range of 16–42 nm. Saturation magnetization and coercivity increased with increasing calcining temperature due to enhancement of crystallinity and reduction of oxygen vacancies.     

Semiconductor to Metallic Phase Transition in Nickel Doped Co0.5Ni X Fe(0.5−X) Fe2O4

Co_0.5Ni _X Fe_(0.5?X) Fe₂O₄ of composition (X=0.1 to 0.5) has been prepared by sol gel auto combustion citrate nitrate method. The molar ratio of metal nitrates to citric acid was maintained as 1:3 to obtain the small crystallite size. A systematic study of XRD, impedance, ac conductivity and dielectric studies of the samples were carried out in the present work. A semiconducting to metallic changeover accompanied by the grain boundary effect gradually replaced by grain contribution has been found from the impedance analysis. Confirmation of phase transition is also obtained from ac conductivity and dielectric analysis of activation energy graph where the slope changes from negative to positive. Nickel doped cobalt ferrite exhibits a semiconducting nature up to 513 K for all the compositions and underwent to metallic phase above 513 K. It is attributed to cation distribution between A and B sites as a function of temperature.     

Ni doped Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles

In this work, the effect of nickel doping on the structural and magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles is analysed. Ni(x)Fe(3-x)O4 nanoparticles (x = 0, 0.04, 0.06 and 0.11) were obtained by chemical co-precipitation method, starting from a mixture of FeCl2 x 4H2O and Ni(AcO)2 x 4H2O salts. The analysis of the structure and composition of the synthesized nanoparticles confirms their nanometer size (main sizes around 10 nm) and the inclusion of the Ni atoms in the characteristic spinel structure of the magnetite Fe3O4 phase. In order to characterize in detail the structure of the samples, X-ray absorption (XANES) measurements were performed on the Ni and Fe K-edges. The results indicate the oxidation of the Ni atoms to the 2+ state and the location of the Ni2+ cations in the Fe2+ octahedral sites. With respect to the magnetic properties, the samples display the characteristic superparamagnetic behaviour, with anhysteretic magnetic response at room temperature. The estimated magnetic moment confirms the partial substitution of the Fe2+ cations by Ni2+ atoms in the octahedral sites of the spinel structure.     

Dielectric behaviour and magnetoelectric effect in Ni0.5Co0.5Fe2O4+Ba0.8Pb0.2TiO3 ME composites

Magnetoelectric composites with compositions xBa_0.8Pb_0.2TiO₃+(1−x)Ni_0.5Co_0.5Fe₂O₄ in which x varies as 0, 0.55, 0.70, 0.85 and 1.0 were prepared by double sintering method. The presence of single phase in x=0 and x=1 as well as two phases in x=0.55, 0.70 and 0.85 composites has been confirmed by XRD. The dielectric constant and loss tangent were studied as a function of frequency and temperature. The static value of the magnetoelectric conversion factor, i.e. d.c. (ME)_H was studied as a function of the magnetic field. The maximum value of ME coefficient was observed for x=0.85 composite, whereas minimum for x=0.55 composite.     

Low Temperature X-ray Diffraction Study of ZnCr2O4 and Ni0.5Zn0.5Cr2O4

Results of x-ray diffraction measurements are presented for ZnCr₂O₄ and Ni_0.5Zn_0.5Cr₂O₄. Splits of the x-ray diffraction spectrum are observed in ZnCr₂O₄ at 12 K. In Ni_0.5Zn_0.5Cr₂O₄ no clear split is observed, but a full width at half maximum (FWHM) shows a steep increase below about 20 K. It is found that the integrated intensity of the diffraction spectra shows a softening behavior at low temperatures in ZnCr₂O₄.     

Cr掺杂尖晶石型LiMn2O4正极材料的研究进展

尖晶石型LiMn2 O4具有原料丰富、价格低廉,安全无毒等优点,因而受到研究者的广泛关注.综述了近20年来Cr掺杂尖晶石型LiMn2 O4正极材料的研究进展,包括Cr掺杂尖晶石型LiMn2 O4的机理、Cr掺杂量对LiMn2O4结构的影响、Cr单元掺杂及Cr与其他元素复合掺杂对LiMn2O4电化学性能的影响,并展望Cr...     

Ce取代对纳米晶Ni0．5Zn0．5Fe2O4电磁性能的影响

以丙烯酰胺为聚合单体,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为网络剂,采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶法制备了尖晶石型Ni0.5Zn0.5CexFe2-xO4(x=0, 0.05)纳米晶.采用X射线,FT-IR,TEM和波导等方法对产物进行了表征.X射线结果表明,当煅烧温度为600℃时,形成纯相的尖晶石型Ni0.5Zn0.5CexFe2-xO4(x=0,0.05);由透射电镜照片可知Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4平均粒径约为30nm;纳米晶体在8.2～12.4GHz的测试频率范围内具有介电损耗(ε")和磁损耗(μ"),Ni0.5Zn0.5Ceo.05Fe1.95O4的ε" 和μ"均高于Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4,Ni0.5Zn0.5Ce0.05Fe1.95O4的ε"和μ"的最大值分别为0.93和0.15.     

Synthesis of nanocrystalline (Co, Ni)Al2O4 spinel powder by mechanical milling of quasicrystalline materials

In the present study, attempts have been made to synthesize the nano-crystalline (Co, Ni)Al2O4 spinel powders by ball milling and subsequent annealing. An alloy of Al70Co15Ni15, exhibiting the formation of a complex intermetallic compound known as decagonal quasicrystal is selected as the starting material for mechanical milling. It is interesting to note that this alloy is close to the stoichiometry of aluminum and transition metal atoms required to form the aluminate spinel. The milling was carried out in an attritor mill at 400 rpm for 40 hours with ball to powder ratio of 20 : 1 in hexane medium. Subsequent to this annealing was performed in an air ambience for 10, 20, and 40 h at 600 degrees C in side the furnace in order to oxidize the decagonal phase and finally to form the spinel structure. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the formation of nano-sized decagonal phase after milling and then (Co, Ni)Al2O4 spinel type phase after annealing. The XRD studies reveal the lattice parameter to be 8.075 angstroms and the lattice strain as 0.6%. The XRD and TEM explorations of spinel phase indicate the average grain size to be approximately 40 nm.     

固相反应制备网状Fe(Co0.5Ni0.5)O5复合氧化物及其电磁学性质研究

在低热固相条件下,采用FeCl2·4H 2O,CoCl2·6H 2O,NiCl2·6H2O与NH4HCO3进行反应,制备出铁钴镍的混合前驱物,在580C下分解该前驱物.分解产物经XRD、SEM、TEM、粒度仪表征和化学分析后,获得了具有特殊网状结构,网骨直径约为25nm,网骨长度和直径比例为5的Fe(Co0.5Ni0.5)O5复合氧化物粉体.对该粉体进行电磁学性质(介电常数ε、磁导率μ和吸波特性γ)测试后发现,其电磁学性质和吸波特性较其它铁氧体粉末改善明显.     

Synthesis and structural studies on Ni0.5+x Zn0.5Cu x Fe2−2x O4

The mixed ferrites of Ni–Zn–Cu are synthesized using ceramic double sintering technique. Cu and Ni are substituted in steps of x=0.1 at the interstitial sites of Fe. Powders of mixed ferrites of Ni–Zn–Cu are studied using XRD. The mixed ferrites show a single phase and face center cubic structure for all concentrations. The substitution of Cu and Ni are confirmed from the variation of lattice constant. The cation distribution in the A and B sites of the ferrites is estimated. Mixed ferrites of Ni–Zn–Cu are characterized using a.c. conductivity and magnetic susceptibility methods. The variation of activation energy, magnetic moment and Curie temperature with concentration of Fe ions explains the alterations of the energy levels of d bands. Hopping of charge carriers and the presence of different ionic states of Ni, Cu, and Fe ions are discussed using the FTIR and EPR spectra.