2000～2004年新疆库尔勒市妇尿碘水平观察

目的掌握新疆库尔勒市孕妇群体碘营养状况。方法2000～2004年期间采集库尔勒市各医院实施围产期保健的孕妇尿样，采用国家规定的检测方法测定尿碘。结果孕妇尿碘中位数分别为287．0μg／L，253．9μg／L，234．81μg／L，217．Oμg／L，189．8μg／L，呈逐年回落趋势；结合2000—2004年期间生产企业的碘盐监测结果，其碘盐合格率均在100％以上，2000年碘盐浓度调整前均数为49．1mg／kg，2001—2004年调整后分别为36．5mg／kg，39．0mg／kg，29．1mg／kg，28．3mg／kg，比调整前分别下降了25．7％，20．6％，40．7％，42．4％。结论库尔勒市孕妇群体尿碘水平在国家调整碘盐浓度后仍维持在国家推荐的最佳尿碘值范围内，其整体碘营养状况良好。     

2000～2004年新疆库尔勒市妇尿碘水平观察

目的 掌握新疆库尔勒市孕妇群体碘营养状况. 方法 2000～2004年期间采集库尔勒市各医院实施围产期保健的孕妇尿样,采用国家规定的检测方法测定尿碘. 结果 孕妇尿碘中位数分别为287.0μg/L,253.9μg/L,234.8μg/L,217.0μg/L,189.8μg/L,呈逐年回落趋势;结合2000～2004年期间生产企业的碘盐监测结果,其碘盐合格率均在100%以上,2000年碘盐浓度调整前均数为49.1mg/kg,2001～2004年调整后分别为36.5 mg/kg,39.0 mg/kg,29.1 mg/kg,28.3 mg/kg,比调整前分别下降了25.7%,20.6%,40.7%,42.4%. 结论 库尔勒市孕妇群体尿碘水平在国家调整碘盐浓度后仍维持在国家推荐的最佳尿碘值范围内,其整体碘营养状况良好.     

2001年新疆库尔勒市孕妇尿碘水平监测报告

尿碘是碘缺乏病监测的重要指标 ,能直接反映机体碘营养水平 ,确定缺碘程度和评价防治效果。为了解新疆库尔勒市孕妇尿碘水平 ,2 0 0 1年我站与库尔勒市各大医院合作 ,对本市孕妇进行了尿碘检测 ,现报告如下。1　内容与方法1.1　对象 :在全市各医院行围产期保健体检的孕妇 ,通过宣传采取自愿原则 ,采集随意尿样共计 1345份。1.2　方法 :采用酸消化砷铈催化分光光度法测定尿碘 ,碘摄入量的估算按 Dum尿碘 10 0μg/ L相当于 15 0μg/ d摄入量的方法 ,以尿碘中位数推算碘摄入量 ,全部数据经 PEMS医学统计软件处理。2　结果与分析本次共检测孕…     

碘盐浓度调整前后郑州市孕妇尿碘水平观察

为观察碘盐浓度调整前，后郑州市孕妇群体碘营养状况，采集调整前2000年9－10月和调整后2001年5－10碘盐和孕妇尿样，用国家规定的检测方法测定盐碘和尿碘，结果显示调整前，后碘盐的合格率均在95％以上，生产企业和用户两个层次碘盐含量均数调整后降至36.44mg/kg和30.45mg/km，下降了24．34％和17．75％，孕妇尿碘均数及中位数由378．18μg/L和295．87μg/L回落至289．22μg/L和216．00μg/L（P＜01），说明郑州市孕妇群体尿碘水平在碘盐浓度调整后仍维持在国家推荐的最佳尿碘值范围内，其整体的碘营养状况良好，调整措施取得明显效果。     

乌鲁木齐市部分孕妇尿碘水平调查

目的了解乌鲁木齐市孕妇碘营养现状.方法采用砷铈催化分光光度法测定在乌鲁木齐市抽样调查的698份孕妇尿碘.结果孕妇的尿碘中位数为157.37μg/L ;小于50μg/L者32份(4.6%);小于100μg/L者147份(21.06%). 结论乌鲁木齐市仍然有孕妇存在碘缺乏状况,对孕妇开展尿碘检测很有必要.     

我国四地区正常孕妇的尿碘水平分析

目的 以世界卫生组织(WHO)推荐的标准作依据,分析我国正常孕妇的尿碘水平,推荐作为评价孕妇人群碘营养状况的参考值,用于孕期碘营养监测及其相关研究.方法 在横断面调查中选择健康、碘营养充足、甲状腺功能正常、甲状腺自身抗体阴性的604名孕妇和192名当地非妊娠妇女作为本次研究对象,采用标准方法检测饮水、食盐、尿液的碘含量,采用化学发光免疫测定方法检测血清TSH、FT4、FT3、甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPOAb)、甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TgAb).结果 (1)平均饮水碘含量为3.0μg/L,提示饮水提供的碘量很低.(2)平均食盐碘含量为31.7mg/kg,推测每日至少从食盐中获得240μg碘(按每人每日摄盐10 g计算,再减去烹饪过程可能丢失20%碘量),足以满足孕妇对碘的需求量.(3)604名孕妇的尿碘中位数为173.1μg/L,早、中、晚孕期分别为174.5、167.0和180.7μg/L,均达到了WHO推荐的150～249μg/L适宜水平,但未超过200μg/L.非妊娠妇女尿碘中位数为240.2μg/L,达到了WHO推荐的成人200-299 μg/L"超需要量"水平.(4)这些妇女都是甲状腺功能正常及抗体阴性者,但孕期TSH水平明显低于非妊娠妇女,以孕早期为最低;FT4及FT3,也低于非妊娠妇女,并随孕期进展而逐渐降低.结论 WHO推荐的孕妇适宜尿碘中位数水平(150-249μg/L)适用于我国孕期妇女,但我国孕妇尿碘偏低,位于150-200μg/L之间;同地区的非妊娠妇女尿碘水平偏高,建议市场可以供应不同浓度碘盐以满足不同人群的需求.

Abstract：

Objective To analyze the median urinary iodine(MUI)level in normal pregnant women based on World HeMth Organization(WHO) recommended criterion,and to provide the MUI reference values for monitoring and evaluating iodine nutrition during pregnancy and related studies.Methods Total 604 normal pregnant and 192 non-pregnant women(as a comparison)were selected from a cross-sectional survey.These women were all healthy,iodine sufficient,with normal thyroid function,and negative anti-thyroid antibodies.The iodine content in drinking water,edible salt,and urine was determined by standard methods,and serum TSH,FT4,FT3,thyroid peroxidaseantibody(TPOAb),and thyroglobulin antibody(TgAb)were measured using chemiluminescent immunoassay.Resuits (1)The iodine in drinking water was 3.0μg/L indicating such small amount of iodine could be neglected for daily iodine intake.(2)All women consumed iodized salt with the median iodine in salt of 31.7 mg/kg.The daily iodine intake of at least 240 μg could be roughly estimated if an average of 10 g salt was taken per person per day and further subtracted by 20%iodine lost during cooking,which could meet the iodine needs during pregnancy.(3)The MUI of 173.1μg/L was calculated from 604 pregnant women having 174.5,167.0,and 180.7 μg/L during the first,second,and third trimesters,respectively,reaching the optimal level of 150-249 μg/L recommended by WHO for pregnant women.However,our data showed relatively lower levels,not reaching 200μg/L.The MUI of 240.2μg/L was calculated from 192 non-pregnant women,reaching the level of"above requirement"(200-299μg/L) recommended by WHO for adults.(4)All women were euthyroid and antibody-negative,but the TSH level in pregnant women was lower than that in non-pregnant women,in particular during the first trimester,while FT4 and FT3 were considerably decreased compared with the non-pregnant(with an exception of FT4 in the first trimester),and both gradually declined with the gestational age.Conclusions The optimal MUI level of 150-249 μg/,L recommended by WHO can be applied to pregnant Chinese women,but our data provided a relatively low range of 150-200μ/L throughout pregnancy.The higher MUI of 240.2μg/L in non-pregnant women indicated that iodized salt with different contents should be supplied on market to meet the requirement of different groups of population.     

我国四地区正常孕妇的尿碘水平分析

Objective To analyze the median urinary iodine(MUI)level in normal pregnant women based on World HeMth Organization(WHO) recommended criterion,and to provide the MUI reference values for monitoring and evaluating iodine nutrition during pregnancy and related studies.Methods Total 604 normal pregnant and 192 non-pregnant women(as a comparison)were selected from a cross-sectional survey.These women were all healthy,iodine sufficient,with normal thyroid function,and negative anti-thyroid antibodies.The iodine content in drinking water,edible salt,and urine was determined by standard methods,and serum TSH,FT4,FT3,thyroid peroxidaseantibody(TPOAb),and thyroglobulin antibody(TgAb)were measured using chemiluminescent immunoassay.Resuits (1)The iodine in drinking water was 3.0μg/L indicating such small amount of iodine could be neglected for daily iodine intake.(2)All women consumed iodized salt with the median iodine in salt of 31.7 mg/kg.The daily iodine intake of at least 240 μg could be roughly estimated if an average of 10 g salt was taken per person per day and further subtracted by 20%iodine lost during cooking,which could meet the iodine needs during pregnancy.(3)The MUI of 173.1μg/L was calculated from 604 pregnant women having 174.5,167.0,and 180.7 μg/L during the first,second,and third trimesters,respectively,reaching the optimal level of 150-249 μg/L recommended by WHO for pregnant women.However,our data showed relatively lower levels,not reaching 200μg/L.The MUI of 240.2μg/L was calculated from 192 non-pregnant women,reaching the level of"above requirement"(200-299μg/L) recommended by WHO for adults.(4)All women were euthyroid and antibody-negative,but the TSH level in pregnant women was lower than that in non-pregnant women,in particular during the first trimester,while FT4 and FT3 were considerably decreased compared with the non-pregnant(with an exception of FT4 in the first trimester),and both gradually declined with the gestational age.Conclusions The optimal MUI level of 150-249 μg/,L recommended by WHO can be applied to pregnant Chinese women,but our data provided a relatively low range of 150-200μ/L throughout pregnancy.The higher MUI of 240.2μg/L in non-pregnant women indicated that iodized salt with different contents should be supplied on market to meet the requirement of different groups of population.     

我国四地区正常孕妇的尿碘水平分析

Objective To analyze the median urinary iodine(MUI)level in normal pregnant women based on World HeMth Organization(WHO) recommended criterion,and to provide the MUI reference values for monitoring and evaluating iodine nutrition during pregnancy and related studies.Methods Total 604 normal pregnant and 192 non-pregnant women(as a comparison)were selected from a cross-sectional survey.These women were all healthy,iodine sufficient,with normal thyroid function,and negative anti-thyroid antibodies.The iodine content in drinking water,edible salt,and urine was determined by standard methods,and serum TSH,FT4,FT3,thyroid peroxidaseantibody(TPOAb),and thyroglobulin antibody(TgAb)were measured using chemiluminescent immunoassay.Resuits (1)The iodine in drinking water was 3.0μg/L indicating such small amount of iodine could be neglected for daily iodine intake.(2)All women consumed iodized salt with the median iodine in salt of 31.7 mg/kg.The daily iodine intake of at least 240 μg could be roughly estimated if an average of 10 g salt was taken per person per day and further subtracted by 20%iodine lost during cooking,which could meet the iodine needs during pregnancy.(3)The MUI of 173.1μg/L was calculated from 604 pregnant women having 174.5,167.0,and 180.7 μg/L during the first,second,and third trimesters,respectively,reaching the optimal level of 150-249 μg/L recommended by WHO for pregnant women.However,our data showed relatively lower levels,not reaching 200μg/L.The MUI of 240.2μg/L was calculated from 192 non-pregnant women,reaching the level of"above requirement"(200-299μg/L) recommended by WHO for adults.(4)All women were euthyroid and antibody-negative,but the TSH level in pregnant women was lower than that in non-pregnant women,in particular during the first trimester,while FT4 and FT3 were considerably decreased compared with the non-pregnant(with an exception of FT4 in the first trimester),and both gradually declined with the gestational age.Conclusions The optimal MUI level of 150-249 μg/,L recommended by WHO can be applied to pregnant Chinese women,but our data provided a relatively low range of 150-200μ/L throughout pregnancy.The higher MUI of 240.2μg/L in non-pregnant women indicated that iodized salt with different contents should be supplied on market to meet the requirement of different groups of population.     

抚顺市城区孕妇尿碘水平分析

1994年前我国的碘缺乏病防治工作,只对农村和小城市碘缺乏病区居民供应碘盐,而大城市城区居民食用未加碘食盐。为了实现消除碘缺乏病目标,我国政府决定自1995年起逐步施行全民食盐加碘,此后我市对城区居民供应了碘盐。由于碘的排泄水平与摄入水平有很好的相关性,尿碘排泄量又占总排泄量的90%以上,基本代表了机体碘的摄入量犤1犦。为此,1996～2001年对我市城区孕妇尿碘进行了测定,以了解全民食盐加碘后人群碘营养状况,为今后补碘防治碘缺乏病工作提供依据。1材料与方法1.1一般情况抚顺市地处山区,城区人口133万,属大城市。以往认为城区是非碘…     

1995～2004年新疆8～10岁儿童尿碘水平动态观察

1995～1999年以来,新疆维吾尔自治区连续三次对全区8～10岁儿童尿碘进行监测,现将结果分析如下. 1材料与方法 1. 1监测对象:按照<全国碘缺乏病防治监测方案>pps法在全疆抽取30个县的在校小学生.采用触诊法检查30所在校8～10岁小学生儿童甲状腺,每个学校抽取40名儿童,男女各半.每所小学随机抽取12名儿童进行尿碘测定分析.应用章阳熙目标推导值计算[1].     

2017年上海市松江区8～10岁儿童及孕妇碘营养水平分析

目的通过监测2017年上海市松江区8~10岁儿童与孕妇的盐碘和尿碘水平,了解该人群的碘营养状况,为科学制定预防措施提供依据。方法按照《2017年上海市人群碘营养状况监测方案》要求,对上海市松江区进行片区划分,对5个街道(镇)的210名8~10岁儿童和15个街道(镇)的100名孕妇进行盐碘、尿碘和甲状腺肿大率的检测。结果检测8~10岁儿童家庭食用盐210份,碘盐覆盖率为80.5%,合格碘盐食用率为67.6%,碘盐合格率为84.0%,非碘食盐率为19.5%;检测孕妇家庭食用盐100份,碘盐覆盖率为82.0%,合格碘盐食用率为68.0%,碘盐合格率为82.9%,非碘食盐率为18.0%。检测8~10岁儿童尿样210份,尿碘中位数为263.5μg/L,尿碘含量<50μg/L的占1.90%,<100μg/L的占10.00%,达到国家碘缺乏病消除标准,同时40.00%的儿童尿碘含量 >300μg/L;检测孕妇尿样100份,尿碘中位数为142.0μg/L。8~10岁儿童甲状腺肿大率为0。结论儿童和孕妇的盐碘盐覆盖率和合格碘盐食用率都处于偏低水平,均未达到碘缺乏病消除标准,8~10岁儿童尿碘中位数超过适宜量,但孕妇尿碘水平略低于适宜水平,应继续加强健康教育工作,合理科学食用碘盐。     

2004～2005年八道江区孕妇尿碘监测结果分析

为进一步掌握八道江区孕妇的碘营养状况,笔者于2004~2005年对八道江区的孕妇进行了尿碘检测,现将结果报告如下。1对象与方法对居住在八道江区的孕妇,在孕期检查时均采集尿样,用过硫酸铵消化砷铈催化分光光度法进行尿碘含量测定,将检测数据输入微机进行统计处理。2结果2004~2005     

2000～2004年新疆库尔勒市碘盐监测报告

新疆库尔勒市从1994年底实施全民食用碘盐,由库尔勒市盐厂供应(盐厂统一加碘)。1995年对全市碘盐监测人员进行了技术培训,对实验室人员进行质控测试。监测工作按照《自治区碘缺乏病监测方案》的要求,进入了正规化,科学化的轨道,现将2000~2004年监测结果报告如下。1抽样和监测方     

2000年新疆阿勒泰市8～10岁学生尿碘水平调查

为正确评价阿勒泰市儿童碘营养状况,确定防治工作重点,进而为制定防治措施提供科学依据,我们于2000年3月对本市学龄儿童尿碘水平进行了调查,现报告如下.     

富阳市首次孕妇尿碘水平调查结果分析

富阳市于１９８４～１９８６年开展了地甲病普查,查明７～１４岁儿童甲状腺肿大率为３２．２４％,１９８７年起全市供应碘盐,１９９７年达到消除碘缺乏病标准,１９９８年２月起供应产区加碘盐;在历年监测中,一直以学生作为监测人群,为了解孕妇这一特殊人群的碘营养状况及其特点,作者于 ２０００年 １１月开展了对孕妇的尿碘水平调查,现将结果报告如下。１材料与方法１．１采样对象与测定方法 由市妇幼保健院检验科收集 ２０００年 １１月到该院产科就诊孕妇的随意一次尿样,用加盖试管冷冻保存,统一用酸消化砷－铈接触法测定［１…     

孕妇妊娠期尿碘水平与新生儿脐带血TSH关系分析

目的为探讨孕妇妊娠期尿碘水平与新生儿脐带血ＴＳＨ的关系,为以尿碘指标进行孕产妇碘营养监测提供合理的解释。方法追踪观察１８０例妊娠期在１２～１８周的孕妇分娩前每月尿碘水平,并用免疫放射法（ＩＲＭＡ）测定其所生新生儿脐带血ＴＳＨ含量,结果孕期尿碘以＜１００、１００～、２００～。３００～、４００μｇ／Ｌ以上分５组,妊娠初期尿碘各组新生儿ＴＳＨ无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）,但妊娠全过程平均尿碘水平＜１００μｇ／Ｌ和＞ ３００μｇ／Ｌ的新生儿ＴＳＨ显著高于尿碘水平在 １００－３００μｇ／Ｌ组新生儿（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论在进行以尿碘为指标的孕产妇碘营养监测时,尿碘的检测最好３次以上才能更好的预防新生儿甲低的发生;同时提示,孕妇妊娠期尿碘并非越高越好,应有个上限标准,本研究认为,妊娠期尿碘水平保持在 １００～３００μｇ／Ｌ为宜。     

海岛学龄儿童尿碘水平分析

在碘缺乏病(IDD)防治及监测中，尿碘水平是衡量人群碘营养状况的重要指标。随着IDD防治工作的不断深入，尿碘监测已成为IDD监测的常规指标。为适时监测与评估海岛IDD防治现状，1995—2001年连续7年对舟山市进行IDD抽样调查，现将7年来8～lO岁学龄儿童尿碘监测结果分析报告如下。     

孕妇尿碘影响因素分析

目的研究孕妇尿碘的影响因素,为指导孕妇科学补碘提供依据。方法采用随机分层按比例抽样的方法,以内蒙古包头市、巴彦淖尔市共941名孕妇为调查研究对象,进行尿碘测定和问卷调查,分别以低碘、适碘和高碘、适碘为二分类变量作为因变量,以考虑到的可能影响尿碘的个人特征、碘营养知识、碘盐使用行为、饮食行为等为自变量,进行Lo-gistic回归分析,筛选影响孕妇尿碘的因素。结果文化程度越高,职业为教师,食用蛋类、牛奶、肉禽鱼类频次越多,注重饮食营养,碘营养知识得分越高,碘盐食用方法正确是孕妇低碘的保护因素,而职业为农民、居住在农村是孕妇低碘的危险因素;年龄越大、居住在城市者是高碘的保护因素;而居住在农村、了解低碘会影响胎儿智力发育者是高碘的危险因素。结论应高度关注文化程度低、收入低孕妇群体的碘营养状况,将这部份人群纳入常规检测的范围。     

吉林省孕妇产前尿碘检测结果分析

吉林省是缺碘地区,据1987年外环境碘水平调查,全省水碘均值为2.99μg/L,<5μg/L占85％(0～26.05)未发现高碘区。因此长期以来,始终坚持以食盐加碘为主防治碘缺乏的方针。特别是1994年开始全民普及碘盐,全省居民碘营养水平有很大提高。据1997年全省“PPS”抽样调查:8～10岁儿童甲肿率(B超法)为6.75％;尿碘中位数为384.2μg/L;居民碘盐合格率为92.30％。长春市4644名托幼儿童尿碘中位数为311.82μg/L。1997年全省各市(州)县、(市、区)居民碘盐合格率为99.24％。以上结果表明,全省大多数人群缺碘状态已基本得到纠正,一些主要指标已经达到或接近达到国家消除碘缺乏病标准。但是也发现一个不可忽视的问题,即新生儿脐带血TSH水平,1997年全省抽检900例新     

2018-2020年惠州市惠阳区孕妇尿碘监测分析

目的 了解2018-2020年广东省惠州市惠阳区孕妇尿碘变化,为科学制定碘缺乏病防控措施提供依据.方法 从全区各乡(镇、街道)中抽取5个乡(镇、街道)作为监测点,每个监测点抽取20名孕妇,3年5个监测点共采集300份孕妇尿液,测定孕妇尿液中碘含量.结果 2018-2020年孕妇尿碘中位数分别为126.5 μg/L,125.3 μg/L和183.1 μg/L,2018年和2019年孕妇碘营养水平处于碘不足状态,2020年孕妇碘营养水平处于碘适宜状态.300份样本中,孕早期61份、尿碘中位数124.0 μg/L;孕中期114份、尿碘中位数176.0 μg/L;孕晚期125份、尿碘中位数136.0 μg/L.结论 惠阳区加强碘缺乏病防治措施的贯彻落实,但孕妇碘营养水平仍存有不足的风险;应继续加大防控力度.