危险化学品泄漏事故及其处置

针对危险化学品泄漏事故不断增多的趋势 ,分析了危险化学品泄漏事故发生的原因、危害 ,并提出了危险化学品泄漏事故的处置措施。     

危险化学品泄漏事故及其处置

针对危险化学品泄漏事故不断增多的趋势,分析了危险化学品泄漏事故发生的原因、危害,并提出了危险化学品泄漏事故的处置措施.     

100起危险化学品泄漏事故统计分析及消防对策

统计分析了2005-2012年我国发生的100起危险化学品泄漏事故。从事故的分类、发生阶段、失效形式、泄漏部位、泄漏介质类型以及消防部队处置此类事故的基本方法等方面入手,分析了危险化学品泄漏事故的特点、成因以及处置现状。针对统计数据给出了在公路运输阶段危险化学品泄漏事故的统计分析结论,并从实战需求出发提出了加强我国消防部队处置危险化学品泄漏事故能力的建议。     

公路运输危险化学品槽车泄漏事故处置

结合几起公路运输危险化学品槽车泄漏事故处置案例,总结、分析了公路运输危险化学品槽车泄漏事故易发原因、灾害特点及危害后果,提出公路运输危险化学品槽车泄漏事故的处置程序、方法及措施,为救援队伍提高各类危险化学品槽车泄漏事故处置能力提供依据,为开展科学性、专业性、针对性、适用性应急救援训练提供参考。     

腐蚀性化学品的危险特性和泄漏事故的消防应急处置分析

在我国化工产业发展过程中,腐蚀性化学品发挥着重要的作用。腐蚀性化学品具有一定的危险特性,在应用腐蚀性化学品的过程中,因为各种因素的影响可能会引发泄漏事故,使化工企业承担巨大的经济损失。本文结合腐蚀性化学品的危险特性,针对腐蚀性化学品出现的泄漏事故,提出消防应急处置方案,保障化工企业的经济效益。     

危险化学品槽罐汽车被卡在桥涵内介质泄漏事故及其防范与处置措施

阐述了危险化学品槽罐汽车被卡在桥涵内介质泄漏事故情况及主要原因,提出解决介质泄漏事故的主要防范措施及处置措施。     

危险化学品泄漏事故应急防护行动优选

危险化学品泄漏事故发生后,快速地优选应急防护行动对于保护公众的安全和健康是十分重要的。通常采取的应急防护行动有疏散、隐蔽和使用个人防护装备等。当决策者考虑多个属性如受影响区域人员的心理影响、应急防护行动的成本和预期挽救的人员数量时,最佳的应急防护行动并不是唯一的。提出了危险化学品泄漏事故应急防护行动优选的多属性决策方法,以确定最优的应急防护行动。案例研究表明,该方法能提高危险化学品泄漏事故应急决策的客观性。     

有机液体危险化学品泄漏处置策略研究

试验研究了利用高分子吸收剂处置有机液体危险化学品泄漏的相关技术,试验结果表明：高分子吸收剂可抑制有害液体的挥发;条装吸收剂可实现对流淌的液体危险化学品的100%拦截。在此基础上利用高分子吸收剂设计能够拦截有机液体危险化学品并报警的智能井盖,还可将吸收剂用于泄漏事故处置及泡沫灭火后处置。     

化工园区消防安全管理现状与对策

化工园区生产、储存、使用着大量易燃、易爆、有毒的危险化学品,容易发生火灾、爆炸或危险化学品泄漏扩散等事故。本文采用火灾爆炸事故分析方法掌握化工园区内事故的特性,对当前消防安全管理的现状进行总结,针对性的提出存在的问题与对策。     

危险化学品运输事故的处置方法

本刊在2006年第3期刊登了《城市化学试剂运输安全的思考》一文,但由于交通运输事故而引发的化学品泄漏事故常常被忽视。本文结合危险化学品运输事故的特点,提出了较为具体的处置措施,值得大家关注。     

无线射频识别技术在危险化学品运输中的应用

介绍了无线射频识别技术RFID。通过对其工作原理的分析得出在危险化学品运输过程中可以引入RFID。通过无线射频识别系统对危险化学品运输车辆所携带电子标签的自动识别,实现对危险化学品运输全过程的全自动监管,以提高危险化学品运输的效率和安全性,减少事故的发生。     

液体危化品远程无人化侦检装备研发

针对液体危化品泄漏导致的火灾爆炸事故中快速初步无人化侦检需求,利用手持激光拉曼光谱仪OEM内芯,采集了我国37种重点监管液体危化品的拉曼谱图,经过数据处理,建立了包含我国重点监管液体危化品的拉曼光谱数据库,并在此之上自主研发了消防机器人挂载的滚动式液体危化品侦检球,通过机械臂抛投至石化爆燃等现场,可实现泄漏液体危化品的无人化自动采样、识别及数据回传,为液体危化品泄漏火灾或燃爆事故态势的感知研判提供技术和装备支撑,同时保证了消防员的人身安全。     

我国沿海危化品运输事故分析及危险源辨识

为了探究沿海地区危险化学品道路运输事故特征,辨识相关风险因子,以2016-2020年我国沿海地区发生的362起危险化学品运输事故为例,从事故发生的时间分布、省份分布、危险化学品类别及形态、事故类型、事故原因等多方面进行统计分析.结果表明:近5年来,我国危险化学品运输事故逐年减少.每年的5月、9月、12月,每天的清晨是事...     

Household hazardous waste in municipal landfills: contaminants in leachate

Household hazardous waste (HHW) includes waste from a number of household products such as paint, garden pesticides, pharmaceuticals, photographic chemicals, certain detergents, personal care products, fluorescent tubes, waste oil, heavy metal-containing batteries, wood treated with dangerous substances, waste electronic and electrical equipment and discarded CFC-containing equipment. Data on the amounts of HHW discarded are very limited and are hampered by insufficient definitions of what constitutes HHW. Consequently, the risks associated with the disposal of HHW to landfill have not been fully elucidated. This work has focused on the assessment of data concerning the presence of hazardous chemicals in leachates as evidence of the disposal of HHW in municipal landfills. Evidence is sought from a number of sources on the occurrence in landfill leachates of hazardous components (heavy metals and xenobiotic organic compounds [XOC]) from household products and the possible disposal-to-emissions pathways occurring within landfills. This review demonstrates that a broad range of xenobiotic compounds occurring in leachate can be linked to HHW but further work is required to assess whether such compounds pose a risk to the environment and human health as a result of leakage/seepage or through treatment and discharge.     

化学危险品仓库的安全防火探讨

化学危险物品仓库是指一些专门用于存储易燃易爆化学品的区域,常见的化学危险物品有化学试剂、化学农药等,这些物品存放到仓库中容易发生爆炸、火灾,此时就要落实化学危险物品仓库的防火技术,这样才能提高化学危险物品仓库使用过程中的安全性.文章主要探讨化学危险物品仓库中防火技术的应用.     

关于消防救援队伍执勤车辆配备的几点思考

执勤车辆是消防装备的核心,具有基础性、平台性、战略性的重要地位,当前人员装备投送方式正由摩托化向机械化转变,同时又向信息化数字化智能化方向发展,所以车辆配备关系到消防救援队伍能否加快转型升级成为有效生成战斗力.文章简要分析了当前消防救援队伍执勤车辆配备的现状发展趋势,结合当今技术发展,论述执勤消防车辆配备可能存在的机遇和挑战.     

A continuous-flow mini-diluter system for toxicity testing

A space saving portable mini-diluter exposure system for testing early life stages of fish and invertebrates has been developed and successfully used both in the laboratory and on-site with single chemicals and with complex effluents. This gravity-operated system can also be installed in a compact, vented enclosure to permit safe testing of hazardous volatile chemicals. The mini-diluter test system has several additional advantages over other widely used dosing systems in that it: (1) uses small volumes of complex effluents and/or single chemicals which reduces the problem of removing hazardous material from the test system's waste water; (2) works well with waste containing suspended solids; and (3) can maintain normal operation for up to 10 h if the effluent headbox supply pump fails and up to 4 h if the diluent water headbox supply pump fails.     

Environmental experts in the motor industry

Hazardous wastes are posing the greatest threat to the environment than ever before. Indiscriminate transfer of technology from the Developed Nations for the production of highly hazardous chemicals can lead to a frequent contamination of the environment with the hazardous wastes. The situation appears to be very serious in many of the Third World Nations, where basic problems of water supply and sanitation still need a solution. Contamination of the ground and surface waters with hazardous materials is likely to increase in the developing countries, owing to lack of suitable monitoring techniques. Location of the industries producing hazardous chemicals in the crowded cities has to be prevented to obviate recurrence of serious catastrophes in future. The situation appears to be equally alarming in the developed countries, where ground and surface waters are at a greater risk of contamination with the hazardous wastes. Co disposal of solid chemical wastes with the municipal solid wastes will result in a greater contamination of the ground and surface waters, with longer lasting environmental effects. Hazardous gaseous spills can have serious environmental effects, particularly if the spills contain radioactive contaminants. The intensity of a hazardous gaseous spill can be greatly enhanced under abnormal meteorological conditions.