离子型嘧啶铱(Ⅲ)配合物的合成、晶体结构及发光性能

以嘧啶类化合物为环金属配体,2,2''-联吡啶为副配体成功制备了4种离子型环金属铱配合物：[（PPM）₂Ir （bpy）]PF₆（1）,[（MPPM）₂Ir （bpy）]PF₆（2）,[（DFPPM）₂Ir （bpy）]PF₆（3）,[（MDFPPM）₂Ir （bpy）]PF₆（4）（PPM=2-苯基嘧啶,MPPM=4,6-二甲基-2-苯基嘧啶,DFPPM=2-（2,4-二氟苯基）嘧啶,MDFPPM=4,6-二甲基-2-（2,4-二氟苯基）嘧啶,bpy=2,2''-联吡啶）。配合物的结构通过质谱、核磁进行了表征,测试了配合物4的单晶结构。通过紫外-可见（UV-Vis）吸收光谱、荧光光谱和含时密度泛函理论（TD-DFT）对其光物理性能进行了研究。结果表明：4的晶体的空间构型为单斜,空间群为P2₁/c;3和4的最高占据轨道（HOMO）主要定域于金属Ir （Ⅲ）和环金属配体的苯环上,最低未占有轨道（LUMO）主要定域于副配体bpy上;配合物在溶液状态下为绿光发射,波长在513~561 nm之间,量子效率在6.7%~64.0%之间。     

水溶性糖基铱配合物的合成、表征及成像分析

设计、合成了3种水溶性糖基金属铱配合物[（dfppy）₂Ir（bpy-sugar）]Cl（1）、[（tpy-COOH）₂Ir（bpy-sugar）]Cl（2）和[（mpbq）₂Ir（bpy-sugar）]Cl（3）（dfppy=2-（2，4-二氟苯基）吡啶，tpy-COOH=4-（2''-吡啶基）苯甲酸，mpbq=2-甲基-3-苯基苯并[g]喹喔啉，bpy-sugar=4，4''-二（1-硫代-β-D-葡萄糖甲基）-2，2''-联吡啶），利用核磁共振波谱、高分辨质谱、红外光谱和元素分析对其进行结构表征，并研究其光物理性质及其在细胞成像中的应用。通过辅助配体的调控，可以实现配合物从黄色到近红外的不同波长发光。配合物1和2在水溶液中表现出黄色发光，发射波长分别为546和584 nm，配合物3在水和二甲基亚砜的混合溶液（39：1，V/V）中表现出近红外发光，发射波长为780 nm。配合物1和2具有相对较高的量子产率（16.9%和3.1%）和较长的发光寿命（0.22和0.10 μs）。在配体上修饰不同的基团可以增大配合物的细胞穿透性和水溶性，实现配合物在细胞内的成像分析。从细胞成像结果可以看出，金属铱配合物能够穿过细胞膜进入到细胞，且与4，6-联脒-2-苯基吲哚（DAPI）染色的细胞核部分有所重合，说明进入到了细胞核。同时配合物的发光情况良好，说明在细胞所在的生物环境中，这种配合物仍是稳定的。     

杯[4]芳烃修饰的钌(II)配合物的合成与性质

合成了一种新颖的杯[4]芳烃修饰的钌（Ⅱ）配合物[Ru₂（bpy）₄（H₂L）]（ClO₄）₄（1）（bpy=2,2''-联吡啶,H₂L=11,23-双（2-咪唑[4,5-f]-1,10-菲啰啉）-25,27-二羟基-26,28-二乙酯基丙基-5,17-二-对叔丁基-杯[4]芳烃）,并通过红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和碳谱、电喷雾质谱和元素分析对该配合物进行了表征。在乙腈/Britton-Robinson缓冲溶液（1∶100,V/V）中研究了配合物1的pH光开关性质。发现随着溶液pH值的变化,配合物1经历两步质子化/去质子化过程,是一个很好的“off-on-off”型pH诱导的分子光开关,其开关比分别为1.42和96.0。通过加入不同阴离子引起配合物1溶液的吸收光谱、发射光谱和核磁共振氢谱的变化研究了其对阴离子的传感性能,发现该配合物可以通过荧光淬灭来识别F^-和OAc^-。另外初步细胞成像实验显示配合物1可以在短时间内穿过细胞膜对细胞质进行染色,而且在成像浓度范围内对Hela细胞体现出低毒性。     

基于2，5-双(三氟甲基)对苯二甲酸配体的锌配合物的合成、晶体结构及性质

利用2，5-双（三氟甲基）对苯二甲酸（H₂L）为主配体，氯化锌为金属盐，分别与辅助配体4，4''-联吡啶（4，4''-bipy）和2，2''-联吡啶（2，2''-bipy）通过溶剂热法反应合成了配合物[Zn（L）₂（4，4''-bipy）（H₂O）]_n（1）和[Zn（L）（2，2''-bipy）]_n（2）。通过X射线单晶衍射、红外光谱、元素分析、荧光光谱、热重分析等测试手段对其结构和性质进行了表征与研究。结果表明，配合物1是以Zn²⁺为金属节点，L^2-和4，4''-bipy作为连接体相互连接，形成无限延伸的二维网状结构，层与层之间通过O5-H5B…O1氢键作用有序堆积形成三维结构。配合物2以Zn²⁺为金属节点，配体L^2-上的每个羧基都通过双齿螯合的方式桥联锌离子并无限连接形成三维网状结构。     

杯[4]芳烃修饰的钌(Ⅱ)配合物的合成与性质

合成了一种新颖的杯[4]芳烃修饰的钌（Ⅱ）配合物[Ru₂（bpy）₄（H₂L）]（ClO₄）₄（1）（bpy=2,2''-联吡啶,H₂L=11,23-双（2-咪唑[4,5-f]-1,10-菲啰啉）-25,27-二羟基-26,28-二乙酯基丙基-5,17-二-对叔丁基-杯[4]芳烃）,并通过红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和碳谱、电喷雾质谱和元素分析对该配合物进行了表征。在乙腈/Britton-Robinson缓冲溶液（1：100,V/V）中研究了配合物1的pH光开关性质。发现随着溶液pH值的变化,配合物1经历两步质子化/去质子化过程,是一个很好的"off-on-off"型pH诱导的分子光开关,其开关比分别为1.42和96.0。通过加入不同阴离子引起配合物1溶液的吸收光谱、发射光谱和核磁共振氢谱的变化研究了其对阴离子的传感性能,发现该配合物可以通过荧光淬灭来识别F^-和OAc^-。另外初步细胞成像实验显示配合物1可以在短时间内穿过细胞膜对细胞质进行染色,而且在成像浓度范围内对Hela细胞体现出低毒性。     

基于3，3′，4，4′-四羧基偶氮苯构筑的三个金属配合物的合成、晶体结构及性质

在水热条件下利用H₄ddb配体合成了3个过渡金属配合物[Co₂（ddb）（phen）₂（H₂O）₆]·3H₂O（1）,[Co（ddb）_0.5（bpy）_0.5（H₂O）₃]_n（2）和{[Ag（dpe）]·0.5（H₂ddb）·H₂O}_n（3）（H₄ddb=3,3'',4,4''-四羧基偶氮苯,bpy=4,4''-联吡啶,dpe=1,2-二（4-吡啶基乙烯））,并用元素分析、红外光谱、X射线粉末衍射、X射线单晶衍射对其进行了表征。配合物1为双核结构,基于丰富的氢键作用扩展形成三维超分子网结构。配合物2为基于钴离子通过ddb^4-配体以μ₄：η¹,η¹,η¹,η¹的配位模式连接而成的二维网结构。配合物3是由Ag（Ⅰ）离子与dpe配体形成的直链结构,客体分子H₂ddb^2-通过氢键作用将其扩展为三维超分子结构。此外还研究了配合物1~3的荧光性质和热稳定性。     

由5-取代基间苯二甲酸和二咪唑衍生物构筑的两个二维钴（Ⅱ）的配合物的合成、结构及性质

通过溶剂热法合成了2个二维钴配位聚合物[Co₂（1,4-bib）₂（5-hipa）₂]_n（1）（5-H₂hipa=5-hydroxyisophthalic acid,1,4-bib=1,4-bis（1-imidazolyl）benzene）,[Co（Hbpt）（4,4''-bidpe）]_n（2）（H₃bpt=biphenyl-4,4'',5-tricarboxylic acid,4,4''-bidpe=4,4''-bis（imidazol-1-yl）diphenyl ether）。X射线单晶衍射实验测定和结构解析结果表明,配合物1、2中5-hipa^2-、Hbpt^2-配体的2个相间羧基将相邻的Co²⁺连接形成含有Co₂O₄C₂八元环和Co₂O₄C₁₀十六元环的一维链状结构。一维链之间通过1,4-bib,4,4''-bidpe配体上的咪唑基N原子与相邻Co（Ⅱ）离子配位连结形成二维层状结构。配合物1层与层之间通过相邻层中的5-hipa^2-配体的羟基与羧基的分子间氢键连结形成三维超分子网络结构。配合物2中,Hbpt配体的羧基氢与层内的相邻链上参与弱配位羧基氧形成层内氢键。电化学性能测试结果表明,配合物1对氧还原反应具有电催化活性。     

一例具有显著单分子磁体行为的双核镝配合物

使用多齿席夫碱H₂L（H₂L=（E）-N''-（3-乙氧基-2-羟基亚苄基）-3-羟基吡啶甲酰肼）为配体,与Ln（dbm）₃·2H₂O（Ln=Dy（1）、Nd（2）;dbm^-=1,3-dioxo-1,3-diphenylpropan-2-ide）反应,通过溶剂热法,成功得到了2例新的双核稀土配合物[Ln₂（dbm）₂（L）₂（C₂H₅OH）₂]。单晶X射线衍射结构表明：配合物1和2的结构主要由2个Ln（Ⅲ）离子、2个dbm^-、2个L^2-及2个C₂H₅OH组成,中心Ln（Ⅲ）离子通过2个μ₂-O原子相互连接,形成一个平行四边形的Ln₂O₂核心。磁性研究表明,配合物1中Dy（Ⅲ）离子间存在铁磁耦合作用,且1表现出显著的单分子磁体行为。     

两种铜配位聚合物的晶体结构和量子化学计算

在水热条件下以4-硝基邻苯二甲酸（4-H₂nph）/2,2''-联吡啶-4,4''-二甲酸（H₂bda）为主要配体,3-（2-吡啶基）吡唑（HL）/1,4-双（咪唑基-1-基）丁烷（bib）为辅助配体制备了2种新的金属有机配位聚合物[Cu₄（4-nph）（L）₆]_n （1）和{[Cu₂（bda）₂（bib）₂（H₂O）₄]·4H₂O}_n （2）。通过元素分析、红外光谱、热重X射线单晶衍射和X射线粉末衍射对它们进行了表征。结果表明,配合物1属于单斜晶系,C2/c空间群。晶胞参数：a=1.956 16（8） nm,b=1.290 68（8） nm,c=2.160 34（12） nm,β=97.073（2）°,V=5.412 9（5） nm³,Z=4。配合物2属于三斜晶系,P1空间群。晶胞参数：a=0.962 22（15） nm,b=1.102 90（17） nm,c=1.404 3（2） nm,α=72.752（4）°,β=79.271（4）°,γ=67.065 （3）°,V=1.306 6（4） nm³,Z=1。在配合物1中,羧基配体4-nph^2-通过单齿模式桥联金属中心,形成一维结构。在配合物2中,柔性bib配体连接金属中心形成具有26元环的双核结构。此外,还用Gaussian16程序PBE0/LANL2DZ方法从配合物1的晶体结构中提取“分子片段”进行了量子化学计算。计算结果表明配位原子与铜（Ⅱ）离子之间存在着共价作用。     

以5-(3-吡啶基)-1H-吡唑-3-羧酸为配体的钴共晶配合物的合成、晶体结构及电化学性质

采用溶剂热法合成了一种新型的钴（Ⅱ）基配合物,即{[Co（Hppc）₂][Co₂（4,4''-bipy）（H₂O）₄]（SO₄）₂·2H₂O}_n （1）,其中H₂ppc=5-（3-吡啶基）-1H-吡唑-3-羧酸,4,4''-bipy=4, 4''-联吡啶。配体H₂ppc是由吡啶环、吡唑环和羧基共同组成,同时兼具了刚性和柔性。通过单晶X射线衍射对配合物1进行了结构测定。结果显示所合成的配合物1结晶在单斜晶系C2/c空间群,包括2个晶体学独立部分：二维层状[Co（Hppc）₂]和一维链状[Co₂（4,4''-bipy）（H₂O）₄]^2-,并形成具有{4⁴·6²}{4}₂拓扑网络结构的共晶化合物。此外,配合物1呈现出良好的电化学发光（ECL）性能以及良好的超级电容器性能。     

Recombination of KrD and XeD ions with electrons

Recombination rate coefficients of protonated and deuterated ions KrH⁺, KrD⁺, XeH⁺ and XeD⁺ were measured using Flowing Afterglow with Langmuir Probe (FALP). Helium at 1600 Pa and at temperature 250 K was used as a buffer gas in the experiments. Kr, Xe, H₂ and D₂ were introduced to a flow tube to form the desired ions. Because of small differences in proton affinities of Kr, D₂ and H₂ mixtures of ions, KrD⁺/D₃⁺ and KrH⁺/H₃⁺ are formed in the afterglow plasma, influencing the plasma decay. To obtain a recombination rate coefficient for a particular ion, the dependencies on partial pressures of gases used in the ion formation were measured. The obtained rate coefficients, α_KrD+(250 K) = (0.9 ± 0.3) × 10⁻⁸ cm³ s⁻¹ and α_XeD+(250 K) = (8 ± 2) × 10⁻⁸ cm³ s⁻¹ are compared with α_KrH+(250 K) = (2.0 ± 0.6) × 10⁻⁸ cm³ s⁻¹ and α_XeH+(250 K) = (8 ± 2) × 10⁻⁸ cm³ s⁻¹.     

CO LMR spectrum of14N16O and its analysis with spectra of14N17O and14N18O

LMR spectra for v=1←0 transitions of¹⁴N¹⁶O in X²II_{1/2, 3/2} states were observed at 5.6 μm and 5.4 μm of CO laser. Introducing the advanced isotopic molecular constant scaling function to Hund’s case (a) diatomic structure model, these spectra were analyzed and fitted together with all reliable previous spectral data of¹⁴N¹⁶O as well as¹⁴N¹⁷O and¹⁴N¹⁸O. A full set of precise molecular parameters and their vibrational dependencies have been determined with much higher precision (1–2 orders for most parameters). Many of them have been obtained for the first time. Using isotopic scaling function, the molecular constants of¹⁴N¹⁷O and¹⁴N¹⁸O were deduced.     

Coordinate Structures of PrIII, GdIII, TmIII, and YbIII Complexes with Nitrilotriacetic Acids

The crystal and molecular structures of the [Pr^III(nta)(H₂O)₂]·H₂O (nta = nitrilotriacetic acids), K₃[Gd^III(nta)₂(H₂O)]·6H₂O, and K₃[Yb^III(nta)₂]·5H₂O complexes have been determined by single-crystal X-ray structure analyses. In [Pr^III(nta)(H₂O)₂]·H₂O, the Pr^IIINO₈ part forms a nine-coordinate pseudo-monocapped square antiprismatic structure in which one N and three O atoms are from one nta ligand in the same molecule, three O atoms from another nta ligand in the neighboring molecule and two O atoms from two coordinate water molecules. In K₃[Gd^III(nta)₂(H₂O)]·6H₂O, the [Gd^III(nta)₂(H₂O)^3- complex anion has a nine-coordinate pseudo-monocapped square antiprismatic structure in which each nta acts as a tetradentate ligand with one N atom of the amino group and three O atoms of the carboxylic groups. In K₃[Yb^III(nta)₂]·5H₂O, each nta also acts as a tetradentate ligand with one N atom of amino group and three O atoms of the carboxylic groups, but the [Yb^III(nta)₂ ^3- complex anion has an eight-coordinate structure with a distorted square antiprismatic prism. All the results including those for [Tm^III(nta)(H₂O)₂]·2H₂O confirm the inferences on the coordinate structures and coordination numbers of rare earth metal complexes with the nta ligand.     

Orthogonal Wavelets Analysis of Electroanalytical Signals

ABSTRACT

A signal processing technique based on orthogonal wavelet analysis is applied to process various simulated electroanalytical signals. The results indicate that if the scale parameters are selected, the orthogonal wavelet processing method (OWPM) can remove high-frequency noise. Experimental signal was recorded by computer and used to test the OWPM procedure. After processing with OWPM, the processed data was used to analyze the mechanism of the electrode reactions. Processed results of the experimental data are also satisfactory.     

Analytical methods to determine Po and Pb in marine samples

This paper describes the methods of sampling, preconcentration, chemical separation and final count of ²¹⁰Po and ²¹⁰Pb present in different marine matrices to determine their background levels in a marine ecosystem. Complex, time consuming and selective radioanalytical methods have been used to prepare final clear sources for alpha spectrometry and beta count; in fact, gamma spectrometry, a method direct and non destructive, cannot be taken into account because the ²¹⁰Pb activity is very low which does not allow to carry out sufficiently accurate measurements and ²¹⁰Po is not a gamma emitter but it emits only alpha particle at 5.40 MeV. The results of ²¹⁰Po and ²¹⁰Pb activity concentrations obtained in different marine samples collected in the first two campaigns are still very few to discuss about the ²¹⁰Po and ²¹⁰Pb behavior in marine environment.     

A kinetic study of the oxidation of hydroxamic acids by compounds I and II of horseradish peroxidase: Effect of transition metal ions

Abstract

Oxidation of hydroxamic acids (HXs) generates HNO, and it is not clear whether it is formed also in the presence of metal ions. The kinetics of the oxidation of HXs, such as acetohydroxamic acid, suberohydroxamic acid, and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), by compounds I and II of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) at pH 7.0 and 25?°C have been studied using rapid-mixing stopped-flow. The kinetics of these reactions were compared to those observed in the presence of Cu(ClO₄)₂, NiSO₄, or ZnSO₄. The rates decrease upon increasing [Cu^II] at constant [HXs], and no oxidation of HX occurs when [HX]/[Cu^II] ≈ 2, implying that HX oxidation in the presence of Cu^II proceeds through the free ligand since the predominant complex is CuX₂. In the case of Ni^II, the oxidation rate decreases upon increasing the ratio [Ni^II]/[HX] beyond 1, where the predominant complex is Ni^IIX⁺, implying that its oxidation is feasible. The effect of Zn^II could be studied only on the rate of HXs oxidation by compound II demonstrating similar behavior to that of Ni^II. HXs were also oxidized catalytically by HRP/H₂O₂ at pH 7.0, demonstrating that metal ions facilitate the formation of HNO while hardly affecting its yield and the extent of HX oxidation.     

The Synthesis of Dibenzo[3n]crown-n by Novel Methods and their Cation Binding Studied by Fluorescence Spectroscopy. Part IV

The dibenzo[3n]crown-n were synthesised from1,2-bis(o-hydroxyphenoxy)ethane obtained from 1,2-bis(o-formylphenoxy)ethane via Bayer-Willigeroxidations with H₂O₂/CH₃COOH in good yields. The cyclic condensation of 1,2-bis(o-hydroxyphenoxy)ethanewith dichlorides, and ditosylates of polyethylene glycols in DMF/Me₂CO₃ gave the macrocyclesdibenzo[15]crown-5, dibenzo[18]crown-6, dibenzo[21]crown-7 anddibenzo[24]crown-8. The structures were identified using IR, mass, ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. Therecognition of the molecules for the cations, Li⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Rb⁺ and Zn²⁺were conducted quantitatively with steady state fluorescencespectroscopy. The 1:1 association constants in acetonitrileshowed a good relation of the appropriate size of the macrocyclic ether towards the fitting cationradii. Namely, dibenzo[15]crown-5 was the best for Li⁺ binding and more than 100 times better thanNa⁺ and K⁺. Dibenzo[21]crown-7 was excellent for Rb⁺ binding while K⁺ is 100 timesless preferred. The largest crown ether studied, dibenzo[24]crown-8, exhibited the order of binding power,Rb⁺ > K⁺ > Na⁺. Zn²⁺ displayed, however, a marked binding with only dibenzo[18]crown-6.p>     

Rotational molecular motion and solvation of Na+ and Cs+ in water-dimethylacetamide. A nuclear magnetic relaxation study

Nuclear magnetic relaxation by intra- and intermolecular quadrupoleelectric field gradient interaction has been used for the study of the systems DMA-water-NaI and DMA-water-CsI at 25°C.¹⁴N relaxation of DMA and²H relaxation of D₂O measured over the complete mixture range reveal the behavior of the rotational molecular motion of the two solvent components. For both solvent components a marked maximum of the reorientational correlation time has been found, reflecting hydrophobic effects and strong DMA-water interaction. The quadrupolar relaxation rates of²³Na⁺ and¹³³Cs⁺ in pure DMA were evaluated giving an indication that the electric solvent dipoles in the solvation shell are not located on positions of cubic symmetry. A quantitative study of preferential solvation of the cations in the mixed solvent has been performed by using the H₂O-D₂O isotope effect on²³Na⁺ and¹³³Cs⁺ relaxation. For both cations an obviously typical change in the selectivity occurs. In the range l>x _{H2 O}>0.7 we find weak preferential hydration, but in the range 0.7>xH ₂ O>0 strong preferential solvation by DMA is reflected.     

The preparation and analysis of fluoro-polyphosphates by F, P, 2D F-P HETCOR and 2D P-P COSY NMR

A complex mixture of fluoro-polyphosphates (FPPs) and polyphosphates was prepared by heating a mixture of NaF and sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) at 600 °C in nitrogen atmosphere. Two-dimensional ³¹P-¹⁹F heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy (HETCOR) NMR was developed in identifying the atomic connection between F and P in the mixed FPPs. ¹⁹F, ³¹P and ³¹P-³¹P correlation spectroscopy (COSY) NMR methods were employed to identify the components of the mixture and measure the chain length of each FPP ingredient. NMR results clearly demonstrated that the mixture contains four kinds of fluoro-phosphates with different chain length of polyphosphate, which are monofluoro-phosphate (MFP), monofluoro-dipolyphosphate (MFDPP), monofluoro-tripolyphosphate (MFTPP) and difluoro-tripolyphosphate (DFTPP). Other phosphates and polyphosphates also were found in the mixture.     

Possibilities of multinuclear NMR in the chemistry of heteroorganic compounds

Results of multinuclear NMR studies of some heteroorganic compounds have been presented.According to a report at the conference «Current problems of organometallic chemistry» (May 8–13,1994, Moscow).Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 4, pp. 614–616, April, 1994.