无轴承异步电机转子偏心补偿的研究

针对无轴承异步电机转子偏,心工作问题,对其转子偏心时的转子受力情况进行了分析,并以此为基础,应用径向力反馈控制来补偿转子偏心的非线性影响。结果表明,径向力反馈控制有效地提高了无轴承异步电机系统的悬浮精度.     

Loss calculation of induction motors considering harmonic electromagnetic field in stator and rotor

A method of loss calculation for induction motors is proposed. The combined 3D–2D time‐stepping finite element analysis is carried out to obtain the copper loss and the time variation of the magnetic field in the motor. The iron loss is calculated approximately considering the time variation of the magnetic field direction and the minor hysteresis loops caused by the time‐harmonic fields using practical computer resources. The proposed method is applied to four types of induction motors, which are the solid rotor induction motors with/without slot and the cage induction motors with/without skew. The measured and the calculated total losses and the iron losses agree well in all cases. The differences of the loss distributions of each motor are also compared and investigated. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 147(2): 63–73, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.10305     

一种减小无刷直流电机纹波转矩的新方法

从无刷直流电机纹波转矩产生的机理出发,分析了换相纹波转矩产生的原因,提出了在换向期间通过直接控制非换向相电流来减少电磁转矩脉动的控制策略.仿真验证了控制方案的可行性.     

定子开槽表贴式永磁电机转子偏心空载气隙磁场全局解析法

针对表贴式永磁电机定子开槽后的转子偏心空载气隙磁场解析问题,结合正则摄动理论建立其全局解析模型.将解析区域划分为永磁体、气隙和槽区域,通过各子区域之间的边界条件,求解拉普拉斯方程或泊松方程.叠加气隙磁密的零阶分量和一阶分量,得到偏心气隙磁场分布.解析解与有限元解的比较结果表明,气隙磁密、齿槽转矩和不平衡磁拉力计算准确,验证了解析模型的可靠性.所述解析方法计算快速准确,便于分析表贴式永磁电机转子偏心磁场.     

Magnetic field analysis of a squirrel cage induction motor considering rotor skew and higher harmonics in the secondary current

This paper describes a method to analyze harmonic magnetic fields of squirrel cage induction motors considering rotor skew and higher harmonics in the secondary current. The proposed method is based on a two‐dimensional finite element method. The rotor skew structure is expressed by multiple 2D finite element mesh models, produced in suitable axial positions, and the magnetic field in each mesh model is calculated by the revised secondary current taking into account the skew effect. The secondary currents, magnetic flux densities, and electromotive forces are calculated by the proposed method. Then the differences between a skewed rotor and a nonskewed rotor are discussed. From the comparison between the calculated and the experimental results, the proposed method is shown to be appropriate and useful for quantitative estimation of harmonic components of induction motors. © 1999 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 129(2): 98–109, 1999     

Sensorless rotor position estimation at standstill of cylindrical brushless dc motors using opened phase voltage change caused by eddy currents

A rotor position estimation of a cylindrical brushless dc motor at standstill has been difficult to obtain. Therefore, torque control of a motor has been difficult at starting of the motor, and realization of the position estimation at standstill has been sought. This paper proposes a simple processing of a rotor for which nonmagnetic materials are pasted on the rotor surface. This processing generates an eddy current on nonmagnetic materials and causes an opened phase voltage change according to rotor position. The experimental results using a microcomputer show that it is possible to estimate rotor position of the cylindrical motor despite a standstill by using the opened phase voltage change. ©�1998 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 126(1): 52–60, 1999     

基于定子电流法监测无刷直流电动机转子动态偏心的故障模型仿真研究

基于Ansoft／Maxwell设置动态偏心故障,建立求解电机电感和磁链的有限元模型,通过仿真,证明了将感应电机动态偏心故障的特征频率经过简化后,同样适用于无刷直流电动机。基于Ansoft／Simplorer建立无刷直流电动机系统的仿真模型。在电机稳态运行下,对定子电流进行傅里叶分析,研究并建立基于定子电流监测动态偏心故障的仿真模型：动态偏心故障与特征频率的关系、动态偏心故障程度与特征频率幅值的关系。进而研究了无刷直流电动机稳态运行时转速波动对偏心故障监测的影响。仿真结果表明,转子偏心程度加大,特征频率的幅值增加。     

一种削弱永磁同步电动机齿槽转矩的方法

为了研究实心转子永磁同步电动机的削弱措施,结合永磁电机永磁体极弧系数和永磁体不对称放置的方法,提出了一种仅改变实心转子非磁性槽楔的齿槽转矩削弱方法.通过非磁性槽楔的变化改变一个磁极的极弧宽度,其余磁极宽度不变,同时保持各个非磁性槽楔的宽度相同,通过合理的选择槽楔的形状和宽度,可以非常有效地削弱齿槽转矩.通过解析法研究了采用该方法后实心转子永磁同步电动机齿槽转矩的表达式,得到了永磁体剩磁平方的傅立叶分解表达式.据此得到了磁极的两种极弧宽度和磁极间距大小与齿槽转矩的关系式和磁极极弧宽度的确定方法.该方法仅改变了槽楔的形状,对电机结构影响较小,且合适极弧宽度组合较多,有限元验证表明该方法可有效地削弱齿槽转矩.     

High torque induction motor with rotating magnets in the rotor

This paper describes a new type high torque induction motor which has the rotating magnets in the rotor. The motor basically consists of a usual stator, cylindrical rotor, and inner cylinder of which the surface is covered by a set of magnets. The rotor turns at somewhat less than synchronous speed. The inner cylinder with magnets can revolve freely against a rotor shaft. The magnets revolve synchronized by the rotating magnetic field induced by the stator current. The magnets make the flux in the rotor. Then we can expect torque increase by the increase of the flux. The results of magnetic field analysis indicate the flux is increased. In the experimental results of a test motor which is a 400 W prototype machine, we have obtained the torque increase by approximately 20 percent as anticipated in the magnetic field analysis. Moreover, test results show improvements of efficiency and power factor in the motor operations. The efficiency of the test motor is obtained as high as 10 percent at the rated output over those of a same size conventional induction motor. Although power factor of conventional induction motors is lagging at all times, the test motor can be operated with near unity, leading or lagging by adjusting the ac supplied source voltage.     

等距笼型转子无刷双馈电机的有限元分析

针对笼型无刷双馈电机的效率较低的问题进行研究,电机效率与转子磁场极数转换效率和转子漏阻抗参数相关,对转子结构进行优化设计是提高电机性能的根本途径。在分析现有笼型转子的特性基础上,提出等距笼型的新转子结构。新转子具有公共端环和独立叠式转子导体回路,每个转子导体回路的节距相等。利用ANSYS软件对不同笼型转子结构的磁场进行有限元分析,计算出转子磁动势谐波含量和转子漏阻抗参数。结果表明,新转子结构无刷双馈电机的转子电阻和漏电抗小,与定子功率绕组和控制绕组极数相对应的转子谐波磁场含量高,其他高次谐波磁场含量低。     

Air-gap force distribution and vibration pattern of Induction motors under dynamic eccentricity

A method for determining the signatures of dynamic eccentricity in the airgap force distribution and vibration pattern of induction machine is presented. The radial electromagnetic force distribution along the airgap, which is the main source of vibration, is calculated and developed into a double Fourier series in space and time. Finite element simulations of faulty and healthy machines are performed. They show that the electromagnetic force distribution is a sensible parameter to the changes in the machine condition. The computations show the existence of low frequency and low order force distributions, which can be used as identifiable signatures of the motor condition by measuring the corresponding low order vibration components. These findings are supported by vibration measurements and modal testing. The low frequency components offer an alternative way to the monitoring of slot passing frequencies, bringing new components that allow to discriminate between dynamic eccentricity and rotor mechanical unbalance. The method also revealed a non linear relationship between loading, stress waves and vibration during dynamic eccentricity.     

Electromagnetic system of induction torque motors with ball hollow ferromagnetic rotors

The design procedure for three-degree two-phase torque induction motor with hollow ferromagnetic rotor has been suggested. This method allows one to determine the number of poles, basic sizes, and the power consumed by the electric motor according to the prescribed technical conditions for preliminarily chosen values of specific losses.     

混合转子无刷电励磁同步电机参数的解析计算

研究了无刷电励磁同步电机的运行机理和混合转子的磁场调制原理,运用叠加法与绕组函数法相结合,建立了混合转子无刷电励磁同步电机电感参数模型,研究了混合转子无刷电励磁同步电机电感参数解析计算方法,通过编制程序对电机的电感参数进行计算,得出了电感参数随转子位置变化的规律,并采用有限元法计算了电机的电感参数。研制了实验样机,采用静测法进行了电感参数的测试。将解析计算结果分别与有限元计算结果和实验结果进行对比分析,验证了所提出混合转子无刷电励磁同步电机电感参数解析计算模型的正确性。为该种电机的进一步仿真分析与研究奠定了技术基础。     

转子绕组匝间短路对发电机转子电磁转矩影响分析

针对发电机转子绕组匝间短路故障时的电磁转矩特性进行了理论分析和实验研究.首先分析了转子绕组匝间短路后气隙磁场变化特征,计算得到气隙磁势、气隙磁导和气隙磁场能量表达式,然后利用虚位移原理,推导得到了电磁转矩的理论计算公式,并通过比较故障前后电磁转矩的变化,以及考虑振动偏心和不考虑振动偏心的电磁转矩变化,最终得到了发电机转子绕组匝间短路时作用于转子的电磁转矩的变化规律.并实测了SDF-9型一对极故障模拟发电机和MJF -30 -6型三对极故障模拟发电机转子绕组匝间短路时的电磁转矩,与理论分析结果基本吻合.     

永磁伺服电机转子偏心对电机性能的影响研究

针对永磁伺服电机转子偏心对电机综合性能的影响,以一台14kW卷烟自动化设备永磁伺服电机为例,建立了电机二维电磁场数学模型,给出了求解域以及相应的边界条件;采用有限元计算方法,计算分析了永磁电机转子偏心对气隙磁场的影响,给出了转子偏心影响气隙内谐波磁场的变化规律,并与部分实测数据进行了对比。在气隙谐波磁场分析的基础上,定量分析了气隙谐波磁场的变化对电机输出转矩和电机转子表面涡流电密的影响,给出了静态偏心、动态偏心以及不同偏心程度情况下电机输出转矩、电机转子涡流损耗的变化规律,并进一步揭示了涡流损耗变化的机理,为深入研究永磁电机偏心对电机性能的影响提供了理论基础。     

异步电机转矩控制中转子参数对输出转矩的影响分析

首先对矢量控制系统中的转矩控制进行理论分析,详细阐述其工作原理,从理论上推导异步电机输出转矩与转予参数之间的关系。然后通过仿真逐个分析转子电阻、转子电感以及转子时间常数对输出转矩稳定时间、超调量、精度和纹波等指标的影响。最终通过试验,验证了理论和仿真分析的有效性,为改善转矩控制的各项性能指标指明了方向,具有较强的工程实践意义。     

单绕组无轴承开关磁阻电机转子偏心时悬浮力的分析与计算

无轴承类电机转子的偏心运行是不可避免的,由有限元分析可知转子偏心对其径向受力影响较大,忽略转子偏心时的径向受力分析将很难实现转子的稳定悬浮运行。而目前有关无轴承类电机的径向力计算都没有考虑转子偏移量的影响,只是计算转子在中心位置时的受力情况。鉴于此,针对具有结构简单优势的单绕组无轴承开关磁阻电机(BSRM),本文提出了考虑转子偏移量的径向力数学模型,给出了绕组电流、电机结构参数、转子偏移量、转子旋转位置与径向力之间的数学关系。同时考虑到转子偏心对电磁转矩的影响较小,推导了忽略偏心影响的电磁转矩解析式。与有限元分析对比结果验证了本文径向力与转矩数学模型的正确性。最后,基于推导所得的数学模型对单绕组BSRM径向力与转矩控制进行了初步的动态仿真研究,进一步验证了数学模型的准确性与实用性。     

Design and analysis of a brushless motor for ball screw drives

Design and analysis of brushless motors for ball screw drives, such as application-specific electric motors, are presented. Since the motor should be designed as a built-in structure for machining equipment, the motor dimensions are restricted. A new design concept for such applications is presented. Under various combinations of motor dimensions and electrical parameters, the motor performance is simulated using a personal computer, and the optimized parameter combination is selected. Based on the optimized parameters, a prototype motor is constructed to prove the validity of the proposed design procedure. © 1999 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 127(3): 41–52, 1999     

Magnetic field analysis of polar anisotropic plastic magnet and application for dc brushless motor

In this paper we propose an analytical method of DCBLM with polar anisotropic plastic rotor magnets. The orientation of the polar anisotropic plastic magnet is different for each part. In our method, the magnetic flux distribution of the injection mold for polar anisotropic plastic magnets is analyzed by FEM first. Next, the orientation is determined from the magnetic flux distribution. Finally, based on the latter, the nonlinear dynamic magnetic field of DCBLM is analyzed. The analytical value was in good agreement with the experimental value of magnetic flux distribution in the magnet unit and the characteristic of DCBLM. © 1999 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 127(3): 53–61, 1999     

笼型感应电机发生断条故障时转子局部电磁力计算

电磁应力是导致笼型感应电机发生断条故障的原因之一。基于二维瞬态磁场结果,结合麦克斯韦张量法和洛仑兹力原理,对电机故障前后的转子铁心、导条所受电磁力进行计算,通过将该方法算出的转矩值与局部雅各比导数法得到的结果进行核对,并与实测电机转矩值相比较,验证了该方法的准确性。根据电机在不同断条程度时转子上各类电磁力的分布规律,得出了故障时电磁力分布的非对称性特征及应力集中位置,从磁应力的角度分析了故障电机进一步断条的可能性。计算得到的电磁力结果可作为求解转子结构形变的载荷,该文所提出的局部电磁力分析思路也可以为求解其他故障类型的电磁力问题提供参考。