Pulsating Jet Impingement Heat Transfer Enhancement

This article presents results from a numerical study of pulsating jet impingement heat transfer. The motivation is to seek conditions offering a significant enhancement compared to steady flow impingement drying. The CFD software package FLUENT was used for simulating slot-type pulsating jet impingement flows with confinement. The parameter study included velocity amplitude ratio, mean jet velocity, and pulsation frequency. The distance from nozzle exit to surface was three times the hydraulic diameter of the nozzle. The Reynolds number based on the nozzle hydraulic diameter and jet temperature was 2,460 with a mean jet velocity of 30 m/s, which is the base case of the numerical experiments. Results showed that time-averaged surface heat transfer increased with increasing velocity amplitude for the same mean jet velocity. Large velocity amplitudes helped enhance heat transfer by two mechanisms: high jet velocity during the positive cycle and strong recirculating flows during the negative cycle. For the cases with different mean jet velocities but the same maximum velocity, time-averaged surface heat flux decreased with decreasing mean jet velocity. As for the effects of pulsation frequency, with high-velocity amplitude ratio, time-averaged surface heat fluxes were at the same level regardless of frequency. However, at low-velocity amplitude ratio, high frequency caused stronger recirculating flows resulting in greater heat transfer compared to the cases with a lower frequency.     

Pulsating Jet Impingement Heat Transfer Enhancement

This article presents results from a numerical study of pulsating jet impingement heat transfer. The motivation is to seek conditions offering a significant enhancement compared to steady flow impingement drying. The CFD software package FLUENT was used for simulating slot-type pulsating jet impingement flows with confinement. The parameter study included velocity amplitude ratio, mean jet velocity, and pulsation frequency. The distance from nozzle exit to surface was three times the hydraulic diameter of the nozzle. The Reynolds number based on the nozzle hydraulic diameter and jet temperature was 2,460 with a mean jet velocity of 30 m/s, which is the base case of the numerical experiments. Results showed that time-averaged surface heat transfer increased with increasing velocity amplitude for the same mean jet velocity. Large velocity amplitudes helped enhance heat transfer by two mechanisms: high jet velocity during the positive cycle and strong recirculating flows during the negative cycle. For the cases with different mean jet velocities but the same maximum velocity, time-averaged surface heat flux decreased with decreasing mean jet velocity. As for the effects of pulsation frequency, with high-velocity amplitude ratio, time-averaged surface heat fluxes were at the same level regardless of frequency. However, at low-velocity amplitude ratio, high frequency caused stronger recirculating flows resulting in greater heat transfer compared to the cases with a lower frequency.     

水平放置离散矩形直翅片的自然对流传热性能研究

本文实验研究了自然对流时,温差为９０－２００Ｋ范围内,水平放置离散矩形直翅片组的稳态传热性能,着重探讨了翅片列间距对翅片组散热的影响。从单位传热基面面积的传热量的翅片材料的使用量综合考虑。在本文所用的翅片范围内,翅片列间距为１２～１８ｍｍ的直线排列离散翅片组和翅生列间距一翅片长度相等匆匆韭我离散翅片组效果为优。通过因次分析的方法建立离散翅间空气自然对流的传热准数关系式。     

渐扩渐缩波纹通道内脉动流的传热强化

采用曲线坐标系下压力与速度耦合的SIMPLER算法, 数值研究了周期性渐扩渐缩波纹通道内脉动流动与换热情况,流动Re数的范围为10～1000,Pr数为0.7.计算考察了不同Re数、脉动频率以及振幅对通道内强化传热和压力损失的影响.研究结果表明,稳态下Re数大于40以后,流动出现分离,Re数大于600以后,流动显得复杂和混乱;受入口脉动流的影响,通道内的旋涡发生周期性的脱落、增长和迁移,从而增强了流体之间的扰动和掺混,强化了传热;传热的强化效果随着流动Re数、脉动频率以及振幅的增大而增强;另外,流动阻力随着无量纲时间呈正弦规律变化,但与脉动频率无关.     

国外强化传热技术的研究与进展

本文综述了国外传热技术中开发出的各种强化传热表面以及其它一些强化手段、强化传热机理、不同学者在这一领域的研究成果。     

流动过冷沸腾传热强化及阻垢

在流动沸腾传热实验中,考察了CaCO3污垢溶液的形成过程及各种工艺条件对流动过冷沸腾传热的影响. 研究条件包括流体速度、溶液温度、CaCO3溶液浓度及热通量,实验中发现了一些规律. 同时还考察了不同阻垢剂[聚天冬氨酸(PASP)、2-膦酸丁烷-1,2,4-三羧酸(PBTCA)及氨基三甲叉膦酸(ATMP)]对流动过冷沸腾传热的影响. 结果表明,所选阻垢剂均能抑制污垢的生成并降低了污垢热阻,而且存在最佳浓度范围. 但不同阻垢剂的阻垢效果不尽相同,在本实验条件下,ATMP的阻垢效果最好,PBTCA次之,PASP的阻垢效果较差.     

热虹吸窄矩形流道内多元非理想物系流动沸腾传热

以乙醇－水、正丙醇－水、乙醇－正丙醇－水以及乙醇－苯－水作为工质,在热虹吸矩形流道内研究了多元物系流动沸腾传热。使用校正的渐进模型关联式,结合Thome核沸腾传质阻力效应校正,构造出多元物系流动沸腾传热计算方法。     

Experimental and Numerical Simulation Study of Heat Transfer Due to Confined Impinging Circular Jet

An experimental and numerical simulation study of heat transfer due to a confined impinging circular jet is presented. In this research, a stainless steel foil heated disk was used as the heat transfer surface of a simulated chip, and the thermocouples were mounted symmetrically along the diameter of the foil to measure the temperature distribution on the surface. Driven by a small pump, a circular air jet (1.5 mm and 1 mm in diameter) impinged on the heat‐transfer surface with middle and low Reynolds numbers. The parameters, such as Reynolds number and ratio of height‐to‐diameter, were changed to investigate the radial distribution of the Nusselt number and the characteristics of heat transfer in the stagnation region. Numerical computations were performed by using several different turbulence models. In wall bounded turbulent flows, near‐wall modeling is crucial. Therefore, the turbulence models enhanced wall treatment, such as the RNG κ‐? model, may be superior for modeling impingement flows. The numerical results showed reasonable agreement with the experimental data for local heat transfer coefficient distributions. The impinging jet may be an effective method to solve the cooling problem of high power density electronic packaging.     

交叉间断肋片与凹槽强化传热的实验与数值研究(英文)

Experimental and numerical investigations have been conducted to study turbulent flow of water and heat transfer characteristics in a rectangular channel with discontinuous crossed ribs and grooves.The tests investigated the overall heat transfer performance and friction factor in ribbed and ribbed-grooved channels with rib angle of 30°.The experimental results show that the overall thermo-hydraulic performance for ribbed-grooved channel is increased by 10%-13.6% when compared to ribbed channel.The investigation on the effects of different rib angles and rib pitches on heat transfer characteristics and friction factor in ribbed-grooved channel was carried out using Fluent with SST(shear-stress transport) k-ω turbulence model.The numerical results indicate that the case for rib angle of 45° shows the best overall thermo-hydraulic performance,about 18%-36% higher than the case for rib angle of 0°.In addition,the flow patterns and local heat transfer characteristics for ribbed and ribbed-grooved channels based on the numerical simulation were also analyzed to reveal the mechanism of heat transfer enhancement.     

固定床冷却的错流传热

采用挤条型催化剂载体Al2O3和合成氨铁系催化剂为填充物,以空气为介质,在床层被冷却的情况下,研究固定床中内置圆管被冷却的错流传热。被冷却床层中的等温线是以流动方向为长轴的椭圆形曲线,被冷却的区域主要在换热管的后方,其前方几乎没有影响。错流传热过程与流体流动方向密切相关,床层被冷却时,热量传递是逆流体流动方向进行,顺流动方向几乎不发生热量传递。得到了气体雷诺数为10-220,床径／粒径为3～15条件下填充低导热系数颗粒和高导热系数颗粒床层的传热关联式。     

Numerical Studies of Convective Mass Transfer Enhancement in a Membrane Channel by Rectangular Winglets☆

Numerical calculations were conducted to simulate the flow and mass transfer in narrow membrane channels with and without flow disturbers. The channel consists of an impermeable solid wall and a membra...     

A Numerical and Experimental Study of Natural Convective Heat and Mass Transfer from a Vertical Porous Plate

ABSTRACT

A finite difference scheme for solving the problem of natural transport of heat, mass, momentum and species concentration along vertical porous plates is presented. Several drying related problems are numerically solved, by including a gas-injection boundary condition directly into the governing equations. The effect of variable physical properties is investigated by means of direct comparison against experimental data obtained through holographic interferometry. The relative importance of wall diffusive and convective fluxes is examined. Sherwood and Nusselt numbers can be accurately obtained by means of the proposed techniques.     

A Numerical and Experimental Study of Natural Convective Heat and Mass Transfer from a Vertical Porous Plate

A finite difference scheme for solving the problem of natural transport of heat, mass, momentum and species concentration along vertical porous plates is presented. Several drying related problems are numerically solved, by including a gas-injection boundary condition directly into the governing equations. The effect of variable physical properties is investigated by means of direct comparison against experimental data obtained through holographic interferometry. The relative importance of wall diffusive and convective fluxes is examined. Sherwood and Nusselt numbers can be accurately obtained by means of the proposed techniques.     

T型撞击流混合器内流动特性的PIV研究

采用粒子图像测速技术对入射管直径为3 mm、混合腔直径为16 mm的T型撞击流混合器内的流动特性进行了研究,考察了不同流速比和撞击轴线上方空间条件下混合腔内的速度和湍流动能分布. 结果表明,在相同入射管直径和流速下,撞击驻点位于混合腔中心处,无因次化的速度和湍流动能分布趋势基本一致. 高湍流动能区主要集中在撞击点附近区域,其无因次化数值是传统Rushton涡轮搅拌槽叶端处的3倍. 流速比对撞击驻点位置影响显著;减小撞击轴线上方空间可增加高湍流动能分布区域,利于物料混合.     

管内组合式旋向交叉转子对强化传热性能影响

通过在安装有不同组合式旋向交叉转子的管壳式换热器上进行传热实验.结果表明,旋向交叉转子能够平均提高总传热系数K达到35%以上,随着管程流量增加,强化传热效果更好;在实验的换热管长度内安装整体组合式转子比分段组合式转子的换热管总传热系数提高5%～10%左右.     

Laminar Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics in Jackets of Triangular Flow Channels

Laminar flow and heat transfer characteristics of jacketed vessel with triangular flow channels were numerically studied under hydrodynamically and thermally fully developed conditions. Constant heat flux at theheated wall was assumed. The numerical program code interms of vorticity, stream function, axial velocity com ponent and energy equations was written based on a finite volume method. Based on the numerical results, the flow and temperature field were given, and the effects of Dean and Prandtl numbers on flow and heat transfer were ex amined, and the correlations of flow resistance and mean Nusselt number were developed for the jacket. The results show that the structure of secondary flow is steady two vortices in the investigated range of dimensionless curvatureratio and Reynolds number. Two peaks of local Nusselt number increase significantly with Prandtl and Dean num ber increasing, but the local Nusselt numbers near two ends and at the center of the heated wall increase only slightly. The center and two ends of heated wall are the poor positions for heat transfer in the jacket. Compared with the outer half coil jacket at the same area of heated wall, curvature radius, Reynolds number and Prandtl number, e jacket of triangular flow chmnel has lower flow resistance and less mean Nusselt number.     

恒热流直管中纳米流体对流传热的实验研究(英文)

In this work, the laminar convective heat transfer performance and the pressure drop of water-based nanofluids containing Al2O3, TiO2 and SiO2 nanoparticles flowing through a straight circular tube were experimen-tally investigated. The experimental results showed that addition of small amounts of nano-sized Al2O3 and TiO2 particles to de-ionized water increased heat transfer coefficients considerably, while the SiO2 nanofluids showed the opposite behavior attracting the authors’ interests. An average of 16%and 8.2%increase in heat transfer coefficient were observed with the average of 28%and 15%penalty in pressure drop for Al2O3 and TiO2 nanofluids.     

管壳式换热器壳侧强化传热技术的研究进展

指出了传统的弓形折流板管壳式换热器存在的问题,对各种强化壳程传热的传热管换热器、纵向流、螺旋流、射流换热器的结构特点、强化传热机理及其研究现状进行了详细的分析与总结,并提出了管壳式换热器壳侧强化传热技术的发展方向。     

帘式折流片换热器强化传热数值研究

为解决折流板换热器壳程流体阻力过大和折流杆换热器低Re下传热系数较小等管壳式换热器的不足,提出了壳程流体"斜向流"的新概念,研制了新型高效节能管壳式换热器?帘式折流片换热器,其壳程传热系数高于折流杆换热器20%～30%,而壳程压力损失大幅低于折流板换热器。以场协同原理分析了斜向流的强化传热机理,指出在帘式折流片换热器壳程中流体速度场与温度梯度场间的夹角小于折流杆换热器,是其强化传热的重要原因。对帘式折流片换热器中折流栅间距、折流片倾角、折流片宽度等重要几何参数对传热和压降的影响规律进行了数值模拟研究,并据此推导了壳程传热系数和流体阻力降准数关联式,为其工程设计和推广应用提供了参考依据。