Ti6Al4V合金表面激光熔覆NiCrAlSi复合涂层的组织及高温抗氧化性能

为提高Ti6Al4V合金的高温抗氧化性能,以Ni80Cr20-40Al-20Si(质量分数,%)复合合金粉末为原料,采用激光熔覆技术,在Ti6Al4V合金表面制备复合涂层,系统地分析涂层的物相、显微组织结构及高温抗氧化性能。结果表明:复合涂层中没有发现裂纹,仅有少量气孔,且与基体实现良好的冶金结合;Ti_5Si_3/Al_3Ni_2作为增强相均匀分布于基体Al_3Ti/NiTi中;经恒温800℃氧化32 h后,复合涂层的氧化膜主要由Al_2O_3和NiO组成,结构连续致密,氧化动力学曲线近似符合抛物线规律,表现出较好的高温抗氧化性能;而Ti6Al4V合金的氧化膜主要为疏松的TiO_2,表面氧化严重,表现出较差的抗氧化性能。激光熔覆NiCrAlSi复合涂层可望成为有效提高Ti6Al4V合金高温抗氧化性能的途径之一。     

氮化物涂层对钛合金抗循环氧化性能的影响

用多弧离子镀技术在Ti6Al4V钛合金表面沉积Ti_0.5Al_0.5N/Ti_0.7Al_0.3N复合涂层和Ti_0.6Al_0.3Si_0.1N涂层,研究其在550℃~750℃下的抗循环氧化性能。结果表明,TiAlSiN涂层以及Ti_0.5Al_0.5N/Ti_0.7Al_0.3N复合涂层在550℃和650℃氧化后表面形成薄而连续的保护性富铝氧化膜,显著提高了Ti6Al4V的抗氧化性能。在750℃下,TiAlSiN涂层涂敷的Ti6Al4V依然保持着优异的抗循环氧化性能,而Ti_0.5Al_0.5N/Ti_0.7Al_0.3N复合涂层却不能为钛合金提供有效的防护。     

不同温度下γ-NiCrAlTi/TiC/CaF2自润滑耐磨复合涂层的摩擦磨损性能

为提高Ti6Al4V合金的摩擦学性能,采用激光熔覆技术在Ti6Al4V表面制备出以Ti C为增强相、γ-Ni Cr Al Ti固溶体为增韧相、Ca F2为自润滑相的γ-Ni Cr Al Ti/Ti C/Ca F2自润滑耐磨复合涂层。分别在室温、300℃和600℃时测试了复合涂层和Ti6Al4V合金基体的干滑动磨损性能,并且讨论了其与对磨球的磨损机理。结果表明:从室温到600℃,γ-Ni Cr Al Ti/Ti C/Ca F2自润滑耐磨复合涂层的摩擦系数和磨损率均比Ti6Al4V合金基体显著降低,该复合涂层具有较好的自润滑耐磨性能;对偶件Si3N4陶瓷球的磨损也有一定程度的降低。600℃时,Ti6Al4V基体的磨损机理为氧化塑性变形,γ-Ni Cr Al Ti/Ti C/Ca F2磨损机理为润滑转移层的形成。     

聚多巴胺接枝纳米氧化锌复合涂层对TC4合金表面修饰的影响研究

为改善Ti6Al4V(TC4)作为骨科硬组织植入物长期在人体内服役时发生细菌感染及体液腐蚀后有害离子释放的弊端,采用溶胶-凝胶法梯度动态升温处理氧化锌(ZnO)溶胶,分别在TC4表面成功制备了纳米ZnO涂层和ZnO/PDA(聚多巴胺)复合涂层。系统分析了两种涂层的物相结构、微观形貌、涂层结合力、润湿性以及在模拟体液中的腐蚀性能。研究结果表明：TC4基材上所制备的ZnO/PDA复合涂层相较于单一ZnO涂层具有更为均匀的纳米ZnO颗粒分布,PDA对金属离子的螯合作用通过Ti-O-Zn键促进了基底与ZnO间的结合力,同时PDA的引入进一步提升了ZnO涂层的润湿性、降低其表面粗糙度、改善了TC4的耐腐蚀性能。     

聚多巴胺接枝纳米氧化锌复合涂层对TC4合金表面修饰的影响

为改善Ti6Al4V(TC4)合金作为骨科硬组织植入物长期在人体内服役时发生细菌感染及体液腐蚀后有害离子释放的弊端,采用溶胶-凝胶法梯度动态升温处理氧化锌(ZnO)溶胶,分别在TC4表面成功制备了纳米ZnO涂层和ZnO/PDA(聚多巴胺)复合涂层。系统分析了2种涂层的物相结构、微观形貌、涂层结合力、润湿性以及在模拟体液中的耐腐蚀性能。结果表明:TC4基材上所制备的ZnO/PDA复合涂层相较于单一ZnO涂层具有更为均匀的纳米ZnO颗粒分布,PDA对金属离子的螯合作用通过Ti-O-Zn键促进了基底与ZnO间的结合力,同时PDA的引入进一步提升了ZnO涂层的润湿性、降低其表面粗糙度、改善了TC4合金的耐腐蚀性能。     

医用钛合金表面纳米晶TiN梯度涂层的显微组织及腐蚀磨损性能（英文）

采用磁控溅射方法在Ti6Al4V钛合金表面制备纳米晶TiN梯度涂层,研究涂层的显微组织和力学性能,并对涂层和Ti6Al4V合金基体在生理环境中的电化学腐蚀行为和腐蚀磨损性能进行比较。结果表明:纳米晶TiN的梯度分布有利于释放涂层中的内应力,使粘附强度增加到90 N。致密的结构和细化的晶粒使涂层表面纳米硬度达到28.5 GPa,纳米晶TiN涂层的防腐蚀效率达到96.6%。与Ti6Al4V合金基体相比,纳米晶TiN涂层的耐腐蚀磨损性能提高了100倍。纳米晶TiN梯度涂层具有良好的化学稳定性和较高的H~3/E~2比(H为硬度,E为弹性模量),是改善耐腐蚀性能和抗磨损性能的主要原因。     

沉积偏压对AlCrTiN纳米复合涂层力学与抗高温氧化性能的影响

沉积偏压对涂层的结构与性能具有重要影响,为研究其对AlCrTiN纳米复合涂层成分、组织结构、力学与抗高温氧化性能的影响规律,采用磁控溅射技术,改变沉积偏压(-30、-60、-90、-120 V)制备四种AlCrTiN纳米复合涂层。利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、纳米压痕仪等仪器表征涂层的组织结构、成分、力学性能和抗高温氧化性能。研究结果表明：不同偏压下制备的AlCrTiN纳米复合涂层均为NaCl型fcc-(Al,Cr,Ti)N相结构。随着沉积偏压增大,涂层由沿(111)晶面择优生长转变为无明显的择优生长取向,晶粒尺寸降低,残余应力和硬度增大。偏压为-90 V与-120 V时,涂层表面更加致密,具有更高的硬度和弹性模量。在800℃与900℃氧化1 h后,所有涂层表面均生成一层连续致密的Al₂O₃膜。随着沉积偏压增加,氧化膜厚度逐渐降低,表明抗高温氧化性能逐渐增强,这是因为高偏压下涂层组织更致密,且晶粒更细小。研究成果对AlCrTiN纳米复合涂层的综合性能提升与工程化应用具有一定指导意义。     

添加固体润滑剂WS_2的钛合金激光熔覆高温耐磨复合涂层组织与耐磨性

为提高钛合金的摩擦学性能,采用激光熔覆技术在Ti-6Al-4V合金表面制备了γ-Ni Cr Al Ti/Ti C与γ-Ni Cr Al Ti/Ti C+Ti WC2/Cr S+Ti2CS复合涂层。采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和能谱仪分析了涂层的物相和显微组织,在球-盘式高温摩擦磨损试验机上测试了不同温度下(室温、300℃、600℃)复合涂层的摩擦学性能。结果表明:激光熔覆的复合涂层与基体呈冶金结合,γ-Ni Cr Al Ti/Ti C复合涂层主要由硬质相Ti C和γ-Ni Cr Al Ti固溶体组成;γ-Ni Cr Al Ti/Ti C+Ti WC2/Cr S+Ti2CS复合涂层主要是由硬质Ti C和Ti WC2为耐磨增强相、γ-Ni Cr Al Ti为增韧相、Ti2CS和Cr S金属硫化物为自润滑相组成的高温自润滑耐磨复合涂层。γ-Ni Cr Al Ti/Ti C和γ-Ni Cr Al Ti/Ti C+Ti WC2/Cr S+Ti2CS复合涂层的摩擦系数在实验温度下都远低于Ti6Al4V基体;γ-Ni Cr Al Ti/Ti C+Ti WC2/Cr S+Ti2CS表现出良好的高温自润滑减摩性能。     

选区激光熔化成形Ti6Al4V合金微弧氧化生物活性膜层的制备、结构及性能

目的提升选区激光熔化成形(SLM)Ti6Al4V合金的生物活性。方法研究了不同电压对微弧氧化技术(MAO)在SLMTi6Al4V表面制备含钙磷生物陶瓷涂层的影响。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能量分散X射线光谱(EDS)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)等分析和研究了不同电压下微弧氧化涂层的显微结构、组织和成分等性能,并通过接触角测量和模拟体液浸泡实验及后续的红外光谱分析(FT-IR)等检验涂层的生物活性。结果经过微弧氧化处理,SLM Ti6Al4V表面含一定比例的钙磷且与基体结合良好的涂层,涂层的主要物相为锐钛矿,涂层厚度、钙/磷含量以及锐钛矿组织含量均随电压的升高而增加。300 V电压制备的膜层,表面均匀,钙、磷的原子数分数分别为7.04%、9.65%。涂层截面质量均一,厚度适宜,为3.19μm,且随着涂层增厚,基体元素Ti含量下降,Ca、P和O元素的含量增加。300V电压制备的膜层润湿性相比SLM Ti6Al4V基体的更好,膜层在SBF溶液中浸泡35天后,钙、磷比由0.73增加到1.2,并有羟基磷灰石生成。结论 SLM Ti6Al4V通过微弧氧化技术制备生物活性膜层的最优电压为300 V,经过微弧氧化后的钛合金表面生物活性得到提升。     

石墨烯-Cu/Ti6Al4V复合材料的制备及力学性能

采用表面无敏化、无活化的化学镀铜法对石墨烯进行表面镀铜,并通过微波烧结法(烧结温度为1000℃)制备石墨烯(GNPs)/Ti6Al4V、石墨烯(GNPs)-Cu/Ti6Al4V复合材料,探讨石墨烯表面镀铜后对钛基复合材料显微组织和性能的影响。结果表明:石墨烯表面成功镀覆一层较均匀分布的铜颗粒,石墨烯与基体Ti界面反应严重,容易生成粒径为2~5μm的TiC;石墨烯表面镀铜后,界面反应产生的TiC含量增多,同时引入了Ti_2Cu相。相比于单纯外加石墨烯,石墨烯表面镀铜后,微量铜降低了烧结温度,提高了复合材料的力学性能,其致密度、显微硬度、压缩强度分别达到96.55%、534HV_(0.1)、1602MPa,室温磨损机制由基体(Ti6Al4V)的磨粒磨损转变为GNPs-Cu/Ti6Al4V复合材料的粘着磨损。     

钛合金表面GO/HA/MAO复合膜层的制备及其性能

为了改善钛合金种植体在体液中的腐蚀及摩擦腐蚀行为,延长其在人体环境中的服役时间,在微弧氧化 (MAO)膜层上采用溶胶凝胶(Sol-gel)法于羟基磷灰石(HA)和氧化石墨烯(GO)的混合溶胶中浸渍提拉成膜,从而在 Ti6Al4V 合金表面成功地制备了 GO/ HA/ MAO 复合膜层。 结果表明,MAO 膜层表面的微孔及微球被 GO/ HA 薄膜有效的覆盖且较为致密;膜层的物相组成主要为金红石相及锐钛矿相的 TiO₂、HA、SiO₂ 和GO;根据电化学腐蚀和摩擦腐蚀结果分析知,GO/ HA/ MAO 复合膜层在模拟体液(SBF)中的耐蚀性及耐摩擦腐蚀性相比于 MAO 膜层和 Ti6Al4V 基体均得到了显著提高。     

Al2O3-TiO2复相陶瓷涂层在动态LBE中的耐腐蚀行为

目的分析研究Al_2O_3-TiO_2复相陶瓷涂层在高温流动铅铋合金中的耐腐蚀行为。方法以纯Ti粉末、Fe Al粉末、CrFe粉末为原料制得复合粉末,在CLAM钢基材表面上采用热喷涂-激光原位合成复合工艺制备了Al_2O_3-TiO_2复相陶瓷涂层。试样在500℃,流速为0.3 m/s的液态铅铋合金中进行了时长1000 h的动态腐蚀实验,分别采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)等分析测试手段对涂层试样在动态LBE中的耐腐蚀行为进行了研究表征。结果在CLAM钢基材表面制备的Al_2O_3-TiO_2复相陶瓷涂层表面形貌整体较腐蚀前仍保持完好,涂层物相成分保持稳定,截面分析显示铅铋合金在腐蚀过程在涂层中未见渗透;而没有涂层保护的CLAM钢基材在腐蚀后表面发生明显的氧化腐蚀现象,生成结构疏松的Fe3O4氧化层,铅铋合金在氧化层中有扩散分布。结论通过火焰热喷涂-激光原位合成复合工艺在CLAM钢表面制备得到的Al_2O_3-TiO_2复相陶瓷涂层在高温流动的铅铋合金腐蚀条件下组织结构稳定,具有良好的适用性,能有效地阻止高温流动铅铋合金对CLAM钢基体材料的腐蚀。     

石墨烯对聚氨酯/Al复合涂层耐盐水性能的影响

目的提高聚氨酯(PU)/Al复合涂层的耐盐水性能。方法以石墨烯为改性剂、PU为粘合剂、Al粉为颜料,采用刮涂法制备石墨烯改性PU/Al复合涂层,分析探讨改性前后涂层经盐水腐蚀不同时间后,微结构、红外发射率、光泽度及力学性能的变化规律及成因。结果石墨烯改性涂层的发射率对盐水腐蚀的稳定性改善明显,经盐水腐蚀21 d后,发射率仅从腐蚀前的0.335上升为腐蚀后的0.355。经长时间盐水腐蚀后,改性后涂层比改性前涂层具有更低的发射率。在不同的盐水腐蚀时间内,改性后涂层比改性前涂层均具有更低的光泽度,且稳定性较高,经盐水腐蚀21d后,改性后涂层的光泽度仍然可保持在16.1,这有利于实现涂层的低发射率与低光泽兼容。改性前后涂层的硬度、附着力对盐水腐蚀均具有较高的稳定性,说明石墨烯改性对改善涂层耐冲击强度及盐水腐蚀的稳定性作用有限,后续仍需进一步研究改进。结论石墨烯改性可明显提高PU/Al复合涂层的红外发射率及光泽度对盐水腐蚀的稳定性。     

(Zr,Ti)CN coatings as potential candidates for biomedical applications

(Zr,Ti)CN hard coatings, deposited by DC magnetron sputtering on Ti6Al4V alloy and Si substrates, were investigated as possible candidates to be used as protective layers for medical implants. Two coating types, with different non-metal/metal ratios, were prepared. The films were analyzed for elemental and phase composition, crystallographic structure, mechanical properties, corrosion behavior, surface wettability and cell viability. The coatings were found to have composite structures, in which a (Zr,Ti)CN crystalline phase coexists with an amorphous a-C(N) one. Film thickness and hardness in the ranges 1.8-2.1 μm and 25-29 GPa, respectively, were measured. The coated samples exhibited an improved corrosion resistance as compared with the Ti6Al4V alloy. Both coating types were found to be hydrophobic, the contact angles being higher than 100°. Cell viability measurements proved that the osteosarcoma cells are adherent to the coating surface, the highest viability (90.5%) after one week incubation being found for the film with high non-metal content.     

Preparation of titanium oxide and hydroxyapatite on Ti–6Al–4V alloy surface and electrochemical behaviour in bio-simulated fluid solution

In order to improve the bonding strength between hydroxyapatite (HA) coating and Ti–6Al–4V substrate, a uniform titanium oxide film was obtained by controlled anodic oxidation. After that an alkaline treatment with NaOH solution was used to make them more bioactive. Finally hydroxyapatite coating has been prepared on Ti–6Al–4V substrate through electrochemical deposition. Comparative electrochemical behaviour of untreated and surface modified Ti–6Al–4V alloy, in bio-simulated fluid solution was investigated by electrochemical techniques. SEM was used to observe the morphology of modified surfaces and the thicknesses of the oxide films prepared were evaluated on the cross-sections of the samples using SEM–FIB.     

Al/Cr复合涂层对Ti2AlNb合金抗热腐蚀性能的影响

目的改善Ti2AlNb合金在高温腐蚀盐环境中的耐热腐蚀性能。方法在Ti2AlNb合金表面通过双层辉光等离子渗铬及磁控溅射镀铝技术制备Al/Cr复合涂层,分析涂层热腐蚀前后的微观形貌和物相组成,并探究涂覆Na2SO4盐膜的试样在不同温度下(750、850、950℃)的热腐蚀行为。结果Al/Cr复合涂层组织均匀致密,且与基体结合良好,厚度约73μm,由表及里依次由Al沉积层、Al/Cr合金层、Cr沉积层、Cr扩散层四部分组成。经不同温度Na2SO4盐热腐蚀后,Al/Cr复合涂层腐蚀程度均显著小于合金基体。涂层试样经750~850℃Na2SO4盐热腐蚀后质量变化较小,850℃腐蚀增重仅0.525 mg/cm^2,而经历950℃、40 h熔盐热腐蚀后失重达到73.571 mg/cm^2,且试样截面出现剥离、脱落现象,Al/Cr复合涂层抵抗热腐蚀能力减弱。结论具有涂层保护的试样抗热腐蚀性能明显优于合金基体。Al/Cr复合涂层在750~850℃Na2SO4盐环境中具有良好的热腐蚀抗力,而更高温度段(850~950℃)的热腐蚀抗力下降。Al/Cr复合涂层在Na2SO4盐环境中良好的抗热腐蚀性得益于涂层中Al、Cr元素氧化形成以Al2O3、Cr2O3为主的混合氧化膜,有效阻碍外界氧气及腐蚀性介质侵入基体。     

激光功率对FeCoNiCrMo高熵合金/氧化石墨烯复合涂层组织及耐腐蚀性能的影响

以17-4PH不锈钢为基体材料,采用激光熔覆技术在不同激光功率(1600, 1800, 2000, 2200 W)下制备了FeCoNiCrMo高熵合金/氧化石墨烯复合涂层,研究了复合涂层的显微组织、物相组成、显微硬度分布和耐腐蚀性能。结果表明,制备的FeCoNiCrMo高熵合金/氧化石墨烯复合涂层的微观组织由体心立方(BCC)固溶体和M₂₃C₆、M₇C₃、Co₂C等金属间化合物组成;随着激光功率的增加,金属间化合物形成的析出相增加,涂层耐腐蚀性能先增加后降低。当激光功率为2000 W时,涂层的硬度最高,且具有最佳的耐腐蚀性能,其自腐蚀电位为0.631 V,约为基体的2.66倍,自腐蚀电流密度为0.319 μA/cm²。激光功率是影响FeCoNiCrMo高熵合金/氧化石墨烯复合涂层组织及耐腐蚀性的显著因素,激光功率的增大促进了涂层中碳化物析出相的生长,有利于提高涂层硬度与耐腐蚀性能,但过高的激光功率下生成的大量硬质金属间化合物增大了涂层的裂纹敏感性,涂层产生明显裂纹,导致涂层耐腐蚀性能降低。     

Wear, erosion and corrosion resistance of CrTiAlN coating deposited by magnetron sputtering

A nanolayered CrTiAlN coating, which was deposited on Ti6Al4V substrate using unbalanced magnetron sputtering technique, was tested to evaluate its performances against wear, erosion and corrosion. The coating, with a higher hardness compared to CrN, demonstrates significantly higher dry sliding wear resistance than CrN and TiN coatings. Different from the brittle TiN coating, the CrTiAlN coating has a maximum erosion rate at an impingement angle of 45° and shows better erosion resistance than TiN coating at 90°. The CrTiAlN coated Ti6Al4V, when tested in 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution, shows a markedly more noble corrosion potential in comparison with the uncoated Ti6Al4V substrate. Furthermore, it demonstrates a wide passive region with a low current density. All these properties make the CrTiAlN coating a good candidate for a variety of industrial applications.     

Tribological Behavior of In Situ TiC/Graphene/Graphite/Ti6Al4V Matrix Composite Through Laser Cladding

The TiC/graphene/graphite/Ti6Al4V composite coating was prepared by laser cladding.The microstructure and tribological behavior of the coating were studied.The in situ reaction between graphene and Ti occurred,and feathery TiC was formed.The feathery TiC was homogeneously distributed between α'acicular martensites which was refined with the addition of graphene.Some graphene was transformed into a11otrope graphite under the laser irradiation.The TiC hard particles and the self-lubrication of graphene/graphite improved the wear resistance of composite coating.The wear rate and friction coefficient of TiC/graphene/graphite/Ti6A14V composite coating decreased with the increase in sliding speed,a mechanical mixing layer (MML) was formed on the wear surface of the composite coating under the frictional heat,which protected the substrate and reduced the contact.Because of the self-lubricating properties of graphene/graphite,interlayer sliding occurred easily,which also effectively reduced friction.The wear rate of TiC/graphene/graphite/Ti6A14V composite coating increased with the increase in load,but the friction coefficient decreased.The plastic deformation of subsurface layer was more serious under high load,and a stable self-lubricating MML with a protective effect was formed between the wear interfaces,which reduced the friction coefficient.With the increase in load,the wear mechanism changed from abrasive and oxidation wear to delamination,fatigue and oxidation wear.