脱细胞真皮基质补片治疗小儿肛瘘

背景：采用异体脱细胞真皮基质材料填塞治疗成人低位肛瘘具有较好的临床效果。 目的：探讨脱细胞异体真皮基质补片修补小儿肛瘘的可行性以及方法。 方法：将138例肛瘘患儿随机分为2组,用可吸收线将脱细胞异体真皮基质生物补片固定在直肠黏膜下,A组双层缝合封闭内口,B组不游离、缝合内口。 结果与结论：随访观察6个月,所有病例肛周无红肿,外观无异常,外口硬结消失,内口愈合良好,无肛门狭窄及肛门外形改变。两组在修复后均有部分患儿出现瘘口出流便,但未经特殊处理,症状均自行消失,痊愈。A组术后瘘口漏便患儿人数较B组多(P < 0.01),出现时间较B组早(P < 0.05),但总体愈合时间无差异。说明手术中仅固定补片于内口,而不游离、缝合内口即可达到满意疗效。     

脱细胞真皮基质补片修复滇南小耳猪胆管损伤☆

背景：目前胆管缺损的修复效果不佳,脱细胞真皮基质已广泛用于烧伤、疝修复、口腔黏膜及软组织修复等。 目的：观察脱细胞真皮基质修复滇南小耳猪胆管损伤的效果。 方法：将滇南小耳猪建立胆管损伤动物模型,建模成功后按修复方式分为胆肠吻合组、膨体聚四氟乙烯组及脱细胞真皮基质组,胆肠吻合组进行胆肠吻合修补,膨体聚四氟乙烯组及脱细胞真皮基质组分别用膨体聚四氟乙烯补片和脱细胞真皮基质补片制成直径稍宽管状进行修补。 结果与结论：治疗后2~4个月,脱细胞真皮基质组的总胆红素低于其他2组(P < 0.05);免疫组织化学染色显示,治疗后1~4个月,其转化生长因子β1表达均高于其他2组(P < 0.05),表达随时间增加而降低(P < 0.05)。脱细胞真皮基质组胆总管吻合口及周围组织出现胆道上皮、腺体、血管及平滑肌等再生。脱细胞真皮基质组治疗后未出现胆道狭窄、感染及排斥反应发生。结果证实,脱细胞真皮基质可生理性修复胆道并重建其功能,并发症少,生物相容性较好。 关健词：脱细胞真皮基质;补片;胆管损伤;转化生长因子β1;猪;生物相容性;细胞外基质材料 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.012     

NaOH消蚀法制备胎儿脱细胞真皮基质的研究

目的：探索NaOH消蚀法对胎儿真皮基质的成分及其形态结构的影响。方法：使用NaOH消蚀法制备胎儿皮肤的脱细胞真皮基质(ADM)，应用组织化学和免疫组织化学染色方法检测细胞的余留及细胞外基质成分的破坏情况，应用扫描电镜观察ADM的构筑。结果：NaOH消蚀处理16h即可去除真皮细胞成分。制备的ADM韧性好，勿需戊二醛交联。弹性纤维的含量有所减少而胶原纤维形态完整，排列正常，保留了基本的真皮构筑。HLA—DR呈阴性，Fibronectin(FN)呈弱阳性，Laminin(LN)和Ⅳ型胶原均呈阴性。结论：NaOH消蚀法简易经济，去除细胞成分较彻底，所制备的ADM韧性好，胶原纤维形态完整，排列正常，但对基膜的成分及结构破坏较重。     

脱细胞真皮基质修复组织缺损研究进展

脱细胞真皮基质(ADM)是一类经过特殊方法分离皮肤表皮与真皮,去除真皮层内的朗格汉斯细胞、血管内皮细胞、成纤维细胞等附件细胞以及抗原成公主要组织相容性复合物(MHC)而仅保留胶原纤维、弹力蛋白等细胞外基质的特殊生物材料.ADM不引起机体排斥反应,为组织修复提供了良好支架,便于血管化和宿主细胞植入.其制备过程包括分离表皮与真皮、脱细胞成分及打孔、冷冻干燥等.根据分类方法的不同,ADM可分为同种异体ADM和异种ADM、补片型及注射型ADM、交联型与非交联型ADM,同时已有产品相继问世,可根据临床需要进行选择.ADM现已广泛应用于各外科领域,如深度皮肤烧伤、乳腺癌术后乳腺重建、修复口腔黏膜、腹壁疝及声带麻痹等.因其自身特点,临床应用前景广阔.就ADM近年来的研究进展作一综述.     

脱细胞真皮基质水凝胶的制备及生物学评价

背景：最近脱细胞真皮基质水凝胶因其可注射性和能填充不规则空间,在组织填充与修复中有着广阔的应用前景,而细胞相容性和生物相容性是组织修复的关键,探究脱细胞真皮基质水凝胶的相容性具有重要意义。目的：构建一种脱细胞真皮基质水凝胶,用于组织填充和修复。方法：制备可注射型脱细胞真皮基质水凝胶,扫描电镜下观察其微观形貌。将质量浓度8,10 g/L的脱细胞真皮基质水凝胶分别与骨髓间充质干细胞共培养,检测细胞增殖与细胞相容性。将蛋白质量浓度0.25,0.5 g/L的脱细胞真皮基质水凝胶分别注射至同一SD大鼠背部皮下不同部位,术后2,4周,观察水凝胶降解情况。将蛋白质量浓度1,1.5,2 g/L的脱细胞真皮基质水凝胶分别注射至同一SD大鼠背部皮下不同部位,术后8,16周,观察水凝胶降解情况,并进行组织学分析。结果与结论：(1)扫描电镜下可见,脱细胞真皮基质水凝胶呈现一种不规则随机走向的多孔纤维结构,孔径大小不一。(2)共培养1,3,5 d后,两种浓度的水凝胶对骨髓间充质干细胞的增殖无影响;共培养1,2,3 d后的Live/Dead染色显示,两种浓度的水凝胶对骨髓间充质干细胞的增殖无影响,但水凝胶上的细胞...     

改良式脱细胞真皮基质内口缝合外口引流修复新疆维吾尔族高位复杂性肛瘘

背景：目前国内外高位复杂性肛瘘手术方法都存在一定的复发率和肛门功能障碍等一系列问题。 目的：分析改良式脱细胞真皮基质内口缝合外口引流修复新疆维吾尔族高位复杂性肛瘘的临床效果。 方法：选择维吾尔族连续性高位复杂性肛瘘患者40例,以区组随机分组方法分成试验组和对照组。试验组采用改良式脱细胞真皮基质内口缝合外口引流修复治疗,对照组采用切开挂线引流修复治疗。 结果与结论：两组术后瘘管闭合时间、治愈率及疼痛程度差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05),试验组疼痛持续时间、住院时间及生活质量改善评分方面显著优于对照组(P < 0.05)。表明改良式脱细胞真皮基质内口缝合外口引流修复可促使高位复杂性肛瘘的愈合,可以明显缩短高位复杂性肛瘘术后疼痛时间与住院时间,但结果缺乏多中心随机大样本临床对照试验的验证。     

脱细胞真皮基质修补腹股沟疝

背景：当前应用聚丙烯补片行腹股沟疝无张力修补已成为腹股沟疝修补的标准手段,但这些材料可能对患者生殖功能产生影响。 目的：总结应用脱细胞真皮基质修补腹股沟疝的经验。 方法：回顾性分析19例应用异体脱细胞真皮基质修补腹股沟疝患者的临床资料,男15例,女4例,年龄5~38岁。术后观察切口愈合情况,并定期随访。 结果与结论：19例患者伤口均Ⅰ期愈合,无切口感染、皮下积液等并发症。18例患者获得随访,随访3~30个月,无局部疼痛、牵拉等不适感,无复发病例。提示脱细胞真皮基质材料为未成年人、尚未婚育及有生育要求的男性腹股沟疝患者的治疗提供一种新的选择。     

脱细胞猪真皮基质与自体微粒皮复合移植28例

目的 观察脱细胞猪真皮基质作为微粒皮移植术覆盖物治疗大面积深度烧伤创面的临床效果.方法 对收治的28例大面积深度烧伤患者行早期切(削)痂术或肉芽创面清创微粒皮移植,以脱细胞猪真皮基质为覆盖物.术后观察患者全身反应、脱细胞猪真皮基质脱落过程、创面愈合等情况.结果 2例患者术后因高热、创面感染、营养不良致脱细胞猪真皮基质1周内溶脱,后经再次手术修复；26例患者术后无严重不良反应,5～7d首次换药见脱细胞猪真皮基质与创面贴附紧密、干燥、呈黄褐色或粉红色、无皮下积液.2周后脱细胞猪真皮基质保持完整干燥,颜色加深.3周后脱细胞猪真皮基质逐渐与创面分离.脱细胞猪真皮基质脱落后21例创面1次性封闭,外观平整；5例残留极少未愈创面,经2～5次换药愈合.结论 以脱细胞猪真皮基质为覆盖物的微粒皮移植术临床效果良好,脱细胞猪真皮基质能够始终保持干燥完整,不易积液,减少术后创面感染的概率.     

珊瑚羟基磷灰石与异体脱细胞真皮基质联合修复牙根尖周组织缺损

背景：慢性根尖周炎症导致根尖周骨质破坏及缺损并不少见,若不能及时消除炎症终止骨吸收和牙龈组织的破坏,修复根尖周组织缺损,最终将导致牙丧失。脱细胞真皮基质和珊瑚羟基磷灰石在动物实验中常用于修复牙周损伤。目的：评价异体脱细胞真皮基质与珊瑚羟基磷灰石两种材料联合修复根尖周组织缺损的临床疗效。方法：选择76例慢性根尖周炎患者作为研究对象,患者等分为实验组和对照组。实验组患者采用异体脱细胞基质与珊瑚羟基磷灰石联合修复根尖周组织缺损;对照组患者不植入任何材料。2组患者均行根尖切除及根尖倒充。修复后1周及6,12个月复诊,通过临床症状和 X 射线片检查评价修复效果。结果与结论：修复1个月后,实验组患者异体脱细胞真皮基质全部存活,因修整瘘管口周围炎性的肉芽组织导致的牙龈组织缺损已经愈合。在修复12个月后,实验组患者的修复有效率明显高于对照组(P < 0.05)。实验组患者修复6个月后骨缺损区阴影基本消失,珊瑚羟基磷灰石颗粒间的透射影减小,出现有一定致密度的影像,提示有新骨长入;12个月后珊瑚羟基磷灰石颗粒密度已接近正常的骨组织密度,与正常骨组织之间有密度移行改变,逐渐与牙槽骨形成骨融合。异体脱细胞基质与珊瑚羟基磷灰石的生物相容性良好。提示异体脱细胞真皮基质与珊瑚羟基磷灰石联合修复根尖周组织缺损具有良好的临床疗效。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程全文链接：     

异体脱细胞真皮基质的研究进展

异体脱细胞真皮基质是天然真皮的脱细胞基质，经过冷冻干燥形成的三维支架结构。作为一种新兴的生物工程支架，它通过空间诱导和组织替代作用修复组织缺损。由于其源于人体正常组织，经临床应用证实，异体脱细胞真皮基质拥有优秀的组织相容性，现已广泛地应用于临床各科的创伤修复。     

仙灵骨葆对大鼠骨质疏松性骨折愈合的影响

背景：骨质疏松可延迟骨折愈合,仙灵骨葆对骨质疏松性骨折愈合的影响及其机制尚有待研究。 目的：观察骨质疏松对大鼠股骨干骨折愈合的影响以及仙灵骨葆的干预效果及其作用机制。 方法：50只3月龄雌性SD大鼠随机分成5组：正常对照组、骨质疏松组、正常骨折组、骨质疏松性骨折组、治疗组,前2组每组6只,后3组每组12只。去除大鼠双侧卵巢制备骨质疏松模型,8周后制备右侧股骨干中段横行骨折模型。治疗组给予仙灵骨葆灌胃250 mg/(kg•d),正常骨折组、骨质疏松性骨折组灌胃等量生理盐水,灌胃6周。 结果与结论：去卵巢后8周骨质疏松组的骨密度显著低于正常对照组(P < 0.05),说明骨质疏松模型制作成功;灌胃6周,骨质疏松性骨折组骨密度、X射线摄片评分、最大载荷均显著低于正常骨折组和治疗组(P < 0.05),但给予仙灵骨葆的治疗组仍显著低于正常骨折组(P < 0.05)。以上结果提示骨质疏松大鼠骨折愈合过程延迟,仙灵骨葆对骨质疏松大鼠骨折愈合具有积极促进作用。     

病毒转染骨髓基质干细胞在不同移植点对颅脑损伤的保护

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow stromal cells can differentiate into nerve cells to promote nerve tissue repair, but the exact mechanism has not been fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE:To explore the influence of adenovirus-mediated β nerve growth factor transfection on bone marrow stromal stem cell transplantation fighting against brain injury in rats. METHODS:(1) Rat bone marrow stromal stem cells were cultured in vitro, transfected with the adenovirus-mediated β nerve growth factor and directionally induced using β-mercaptoethanol. (2) A total of 210 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into induction+tranfection group, induction+non-transfection group, induction+medium group, model group, and sham group (n=42 per group). Rat skull injury models were made, and given corresponding treatments at different time points (12, 24, 36, 48, 72 hours). Neurological function of rats was evaluated based on neurological severity scores on the day that the rats were given transplantation, and 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks after transplantation. (3) Another 75 Sprague-Dawley rats were also divided into five groups (n=15 per group) as above, followed by model establishment and corresponding treatments at 24 hours after modeling. Neurological severity scores were recorded at the same day, 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks after transplantation. Five rats from each group were sacrificed to detect levels of malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase in the rat brain at the same day, 2 and 4 weeks after transplantation, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:If the cells were transplanted within 48 hours after modeling, the neurological severity scores in the induction+transfection group decreased significantly compared with the induction+non-transfection group and model group at 1 and 2 weeks after transplantation (P < 0.05). If the cells were transplanted at different time, the neurological severity scores in the induction+transfection group were decreased significantly compared with the induction+non-transfection group and model group at 3 and 4 weeks after transplantation (P < 0.05). If the cells were transplanted within 24 hours after modeling, the neurological severity scores in the induction+transfection group decreased significantly compared with the model group at 1 week after transplantation (P < 0.05), and the neurological severity scores in the induction+transfection group and induction+non-transfection group both were significantly lower than those in the model group (P < 0.05). Two weeks after cell transplantation, the level of superoxide dismutase was significantly higher in the induction+transfection group than the induction+medium group and model group (P < 0.05), but the level of malondialdehyde was significantly lower (P < 0.05). All these findings indicate that adenovirus-mediated β nerve growth factor transfer plays a certain neuroprotective role in bone marrow stromal stem cell transplantation for brain injury in rats.     

局灶性脑梗死模型大鼠相对体质量、Bederson评分与梗死类型的鉴别

背景：采用MCAO法制作大鼠脑缺血模型时,通过分析Bederson评分结果并不能完全可靠的诊断皮质下梗死。 目的：对SD大鼠皮质梗死和皮质下基底核区梗死在不同时间点的体质量与Bederson评分结果进行比较。 方法：参照Zea Longa的线栓造模方法制作大脑中动脉闭塞模型SD大鼠,栓塞100 min后拔出线栓。术后将大鼠进行磁共振成像扫描,根据有无梗死灶及梗死部位的不同将大鼠分为：皮质下基底核区梗死组(n=13)、皮质梗死组(n=25)、未出现梗死组(n=10)。对3组大鼠大脑中动脉闭塞后7周内的体质量与Bederson评分结果进行监测。 结果与结论:皮质下梗死组与无梗死组在各时间点大鼠相对体质量相比无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。皮质梗死组大鼠的相对体质量在大脑中动脉闭塞后2周内明显小于皮质下梗死组,在大脑中动脉闭塞后3周内明显小于无梗死组(P< 0.05)。皮质下梗死组大鼠造模后第1天Bederson评分结果与皮质梗死组相比差异无显著性意义,但都明显高于无梗死组(P < 0.05)。提示可结合大鼠大脑中动脉闭塞后第1天的相对体质量与Bederson评分结果对大鼠的梗死类型进行鉴别。     

神经干细胞移植治疗老年痴呆

BACKGROUND:Neural stem cell transplantation has been used to treat a series of brain injury diseases, such as cerebral palsy, but its effect on Alzheimer’s disease is rarely reported. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of neural stem cell transplantation on the behavior and immune regulating system of Alzheimer’s disease rats.  METHODS:Thirty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were enrolled to make a postcerebral incision and given hippocampal injection of amanita phalloides acid to establish rat models of Alzheimer’s disease. Another 10 rats were only given hippocampal injection of normal saline after preparation of postcerebral skin incision as sham operation group. Then 32 successful rat models were randomly divided into two groups (n=16 per group): rats in experimental group were administrated hippocamal injection of 5×109/L allogeneic neural stem cell suspension; those in model group were given no injection. Five-day Morris water maze test was conducted at 4 weeks after transplantation. At 1 week after Morris water maze test, levels of interleukin-1 and interleukin-10 in the cerebral homogenate were detected, as well as pathological changes of brain tissues were observed in the three groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the model group, the abilities of cognition and memory were significantly higher in the sham operation group (P < 0.01), and the abilities of spatial learning and memory were significantly higher in the experimental group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Levels of interleukin-1 and interleukin-10 in the model group were significantly higher than those in the sham operation group (P < 0.01) but significantly lower than those in the experimental group (P < 0.01). Besides, the number of neurons in the model group was obviously less than that in the experimental and sham operation group. These results indicate that neural stem cell transplantation supplements and protects neurons against Alzheimer's disease in rats, thereby significantly improving the learning and memory ability.     

反复力竭运动大鼠心脏窦房结细胞T-型钙离子通道的变化

背景：目前,运动医学领域关于运动对窦房结细胞T-型钙离子通道(T-Ca²⁺通道)的影响鲜见报道。 目的：分析2周力竭跑台运动对大鼠心脏窦房结T-Ca²⁺通道亚基Cav3.1 mRNA表达及通道电流密度的影响。 方法：健康雄性SD大鼠50只共分5组。对照组10只大鼠不进行任何运动训练,一次力竭组20只大鼠在正常饲养2周后,进行一次速度25 m/min,坡度为0°跑台训练至力竭;反复力竭组20只大鼠运动方式及强度同一次力竭组,跑台训练1次/d,每周运动6 d,休息1 d,共训练2周。运动组大鼠分别于运动后0 h及 24 h (各10只)取材,应用实时荧光定量PCR技术测定T-Ca²⁺通道亚基Cav3.1 mRNA表达变化,应用细胞急性分离及全细胞膜片钳技术测定通道电流密度变化,以观察跑台训练运动对大鼠心脏窦房结细胞膜上T-Ca²⁺通道的影响。 结果与结论：与对照组相比,反复力竭运动0 h和反复力竭运动24 h组Cav3.1 mRNA表达明显下降(P < 0.01)。反复力竭运动0 h和反复力竭运动24 h组T-Ca²⁺通道ICa,T电流密度明显低于对照组及一次力竭组(P < 0.01)。结果表明,2周反复力竭跑台训练可引起窦房结细胞膜T-Ca²⁺通道亚基Cav3.1 mRNA表达及ICa,T电流密度减少,这可能引起窦房结细胞舒张期自动除极及自律活动减慢,提示反复力竭运动对于T-Ca²⁺通道的影响可能成为运动引发窦房结功能障碍及运动性心律失常的离子通道机制之一。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程全文链接：     

外周血间充质干细胞移植心肌梗死兔新生血管及心功能的变化

背景：药物治疗和支架置入治疗尚不能修复心肌梗死后已坏死的心肌。 目的：观察外周血间充质干细胞移植治疗对心肌梗死兔新生血管及心功能的影响。 方法：随机抽签法将36只大白兔分为假手术组,间充质干细胞移植组和对照组,结扎兔冠状动脉左室支建立心肌梗死模型。 结果与结论：移植后4周,流式细胞仪分析显示绝大部分间充质干细胞表达CD44,极少量细胞表达CD34和CD45。间充质干细胞移植组梗死心肌组织有移植的间充质干细胞存活,超声心动仪示间充质干细胞移植组左心室射血分数及短轴缩短率明显高于对照组(P < 0.01);左心室收缩末内径和舒张末内径明显小于对照组(P < 0.01)。间充质干细胞移植组心肌纤维化程度、心肌梗死面积均明显小于对照组(P < 0.01)。免疫组织化学染色显示间充质干细胞移植组新生毛细血管密度明显高于对照组(P < 0.01)。提示外周血间充质干细胞移植增加了梗死心肌新生血管密度,改善心脏的功能。     

内膜新生性肺血管重构肺动脉高压大鼠模型的建立及评价

背景：目前尚缺乏简单易行、实用、操作性强的血管内膜新生性肺血管重构肺动脉高压动物模型。 目的：建立内膜新生性肺血管重构大鼠肺动脉高压模型。 方法：40只雄性SD大鼠随机分为2组：M+P组(n=26)大鼠行左肺切除,2周后皮下注射野百合碱60 mg/kg;对照组(n=14)大鼠仅行假手术处理。于术后5周检测肺动脉压、右心室/(左心室+室间隔)质量的比值,同时观察右肺动脉病理形态学改变。以光镜下每1 mm²面积内Ⅷ因子标记阳性的直径小于100 μm的肺血管数评价肺内微血管密度。 结果与结论：M+P组大鼠存活率85%(22/26),对照组存活率为100%(14/14)。与对照组相比,M+P组大鼠肺动脉压力和右心室/(左心室+室间隔)质量的比值明显增高(P < 0.01);与对照组相比,M+P组大鼠肺内直径为50-100 μm和100-150 μm的肌型小动脉中膜相对厚度均显著增加(P < 0.01),肺内微血管密度显著减少(P < 0.01)。光镜显示M+P组大鼠注射野百合碱后5周肌型肺小动脉中膜明显增厚,肺腺泡内小动脉明显肌化、内膜增厚。对照组大鼠肺小动脉未见血管结构重建。实验成功建立了内膜新生性肺血管重构大鼠肺动脉高压模型,操作相时简便,动物死亡率较低。     

视网膜干细胞移植对青光眼视网膜神经节细胞的保护

BACKGROUND:Stem cell transplantation is a new method for blinding eye disease. But there is a lack of research about the protective effect of retinal stem cell transplantation on retinal ganglion cells in glaucoma. OBJECTIVE:To explore the protective effect of retinal stem cell transplantation on retinal ganglion cells of rats with glaucoma. METHODS:Forty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=15 per group) including control, model and retinal stem cell transplantation groups. Rat models of glaucoma were prepared in the latter two groups, and at 7 days after modeling, rats in the three groups were given intravitreal injection of 1 mL retinal stem cells (5x10⁶ cells), the same amount of PBS, and no treatment, respectively. Subsequently, relative indicators were detected at 2 weeks after transplantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and insulin-like growth factor I protein as well as the number of retinal ganglion cells were the highest in the control group, followed by the retinal stem cell transplantation group model group, and the lowest in the model group (P < 0.05). The number of apoptotic retinal ganglion cells in model group was significantly higher than that of control group (P < 0.05), and which in the retinal stem cell transplantation group was significantly lower than that in the model group (P < 0.05), but higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). These results suggest that retinal stem cell transplantation for rat glaucoma can exert a protective effect on retinal ganglion cells.     

去卵巢牙周炎模型大鼠牙槽骨吸收与补骨脂的干预

背景：补骨脂在治疗骨质疏松症方面有明显效果。 目的：观察补骨脂对去卵巢牙周炎大鼠牙槽骨代谢、牙槽骨密度及高度的影响。 方法：将30只雌性Wistar大鼠随机等分为3组：去卵巢组和补骨脂组行双侧卵巢切除术,假手术组仅手术不切除卵巢,补骨脂组于卵巢切除第2天灌胃3 g/kg补骨脂水剂,1次/d。去卵巢2周,所有大鼠采用结扎上颌磨牙的方法建立牙周炎模型。 结果与结论：上颌磨牙结扎12周,与假手术组比较,去卵巢组大鼠血清雌二醇、钙离子浓度显著降低(P < 0.05),碱性磷酸酶水平显著升高(P < 0.05),X射线片及苏木精-伊红染色显示去卵巢组大鼠上颌骨骨密度及高度显著降低(P < 0.05);与去卵巢组比较,补骨脂组大鼠血清钙离子浓度显著升高(P < 0.05),碱性磷酸酶水平显著降低(P < 0.05),上颌骨骨密度及高度显著增高(P < 0.05),且与假手术组比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。说明雌激素缺乏促进实验性牙周炎大鼠牙槽骨吸收,补骨脂可有效阻止雌激素降低导致的牙槽骨高度、骨密度降低。     

心肌干细胞调控ANG Ⅱ/AT1R/TGF-β1/SMAD/CX43通路改进心电生理学稳定性和室颤阈值

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have demonstrated that the electrophysiological stability and ventricular fibrillation threshold after myocardial infarction in rats are significantly improved in the mid-term of cardiac stem cell transplantation, but relative regulatory mechanism and pathway remain unclear. OBJECTIVE:To explore the relative molecular regulatory mechanism of cardiac stem cells improving the electrophysiological stability and ventricular fibrillation threshold after myocardial infarction in rats.  METHODS:Myocardial infarction was induced in 20 Sprague-Dawley rats by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary, which were then randomized into two groups (n=10 per group) and were subjected to the injection of cardiac stem cells labeled with PKH26 in phosphate buffer solution (cardiac stem cell group) or the same amount of phosphate buffer solution (PBS) alone (PBS group) into the local infarct zone at 2 weeks after modeling, respectively. Six weeks later, relevant signaling molecules involved in the ANGII/AT1R/TGF-β1/SMAD/Cx43 pathway were all examined in myocardial tissues of the left ventricle and harvested blood samples. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the PBS group, expressions of connexin 43 in different zones of the left ventricle were significantly increased in the cardiac stem cell group (P < 0.01); there was a significant reduction of the angiotensin II level in plasma and different regions of the left ventricular (P < 0.05; P < 0.01). Furthermore, in the cardiac stem cell group, expressions of angiotensin II type I receptor, transforming growth factor-β1, SMAD2 and SMAD3 were significantly decreased (P < 0.01). Whereas SMAD7 was significantly elevated (P < 0.05) in different areas of the left ventricle compared with the phosphate buffer solution group. These findings suggest that the cardiac stem cell transplantation can improve the electrophysiological stability and ventricular fibrillation threshold after myocardial infarction by enhancing the expression of connexin 43 via ANGII/AT1R/TGF-beta1/SMAD/CX43 signaling pathway.