不同抛光处理全氧化锆修复体的表面粗糙度和细菌黏附

背景：临床上冠修复体表面抛光处理可有效减少色素沉着及菌斑黏附,且能够降低对颌牙的磨耗。目的：研究不同抛光处理对全氧化锆修复体表面粗糙程度和细菌黏附的影响。方法：制作30个的全氧化锆试件,尺寸为10 mm×10 mm×2 mm,随机分为5组(n=6)：对照组(单纯上釉处理)、抛光组(绿色碳化硅砂石、Shofu瓷抛光Kit、Ceramaster Polisher抛光)、抛光膏组(绿色碳化硅砂石、Softcut PA、Shofu瓷抛光Kit、UltraII金刚砂抛光膏)、精细抛光组(绿色碳化硅砂石、SoftcutPA、Shofu瓷抛光Kit、CeramasterPolisher抛光)、多步精细抛光组(绿色碳化硅砂石+白色氧化铝砂石、Softcut PA+Softcut PB、Shofu瓷抛光Kit、Ceramaster Polisher抛光)。测试各组试件处理后的表面粗糙度值和表面形态及表面变形链球菌黏附情况。结果与结论：(1)5组试件的表面粗糙度值由高到低为：抛光组、抛光膏组、多步精细抛光组、精细抛光组、对照组,抛光组粗糙度值高于其他4组(P <0.05),抛光膏组粗糙度值高于对照组...     

超声波洁治后抛光效果的Meta分析◆

背景：目前抛光处理措施主要有硅研磨头、橡皮杯抛光技术和喷砂抛光技术3种措施。 目的：应用系统评价的方法研究超声洁治后3种抛光处理措施的临床效果。 方法：通过Medline等数据库和手动检索1981/2011有关超声洁治后抛光处理的相关文献,根据纳入和排除标准,选择适用文献6篇进行质量评估。把菌斑指数作为统一的研究结果,对文献进行均衡检测,各文献数据合并进行统计分析。 结果与结论：共纳入6篇临床对照实验,共278例患者。Meta分析结果显示超声波洁治后3种抛光措施都可有效延缓菌斑形成,3种抛光措施的临床效果无明显差异。由于目前的临床研究有限,上述结论尚需更多高质量的随机对照试验进一步验证。     

用牙本质粘结体系将复合物粘结到贱金属合金上的强度

本研究比较用 7个粘结体系将 Herculite杂合复合物粘结到贱金属合金表面的剪切结合强度。用Rexilliun ( Ni- Cr- Be合金 )制作直径为 5.5mm的圆纽扣试样 80个 ,分为 8组 ,每组 1 0个试样 ,将试样埋入自聚合的丙烯酸中 ,聚合后 ,在 Ecomet打磨抛光机上打磨金属表面 ,开始的粗磨用 1 2 0粗砂纸完成 ,然后分别用 40 0和 60 0粗砂砂纸抛光。金属表面用 50μm氧化铝气磨 5s,在流动的龙头水下冲洗5s,然后用无油的压缩空气吹干 ,直到完全变干。一组试样用 Perma Quick材料粘结 ,用中等压力有力地涂 Perma Quick底胶搅浑的涂层到金属表面 5s,吹…     

钛制人工脏器的电抛光

前言本文叙述了工业纯钛TA_2在氯化物—醇溶液中的阳极行为,用正交试验法选择出了最佳电抛光条件,找出了端电压、温度、抛光时间三者较合适的配合关系.并用研究出之工艺条件对钛制人造生物瓣膜构架进行了电抛光,电抛光后的钛表面光亮、平整、无毛刺、光洁度提高一级.产品完全符合医学上对外科移植用金属脏器表面状态的要求.一、文献概述外科移植材料金属表面处理标准要求生物医用移植材料的表面无加工印、划痕、擦伤、裂纹、凹坑、毛刺等缺陷,并要求表面处于钝态.此标准推荐用电抛光随后在硝酸溶液     

用离子交换、表面上釉和抛光处理来提高长石瓷的挠曲强度

用离子交换、表面上釉和抛光处理来提高长石瓷的挠曲强度［英］／ＧｉｏｒｄａｎｏＲＡ…／／ＪＰｒｏｓｔｈｅｔＤｅｎｔ．—１９９４，７１（５）．—４６８牙科瓷必须满足强度、美观、适合性（ｆｉｔ）三个方面的要求。最常用的长石瓷半透明性好，用作假牙冠桥很美观，...     

双锥面高抛光股骨柄治疗老年股骨颈骨折的临床应用

目的探讨抛光型股骨柄假体在老年股骨颈骨折假体置换中的应用。方法使用双锥面高抛光股骨柄假体固定治疗老年股骨颈骨折患者63例,股骨假体固定采用第二代骨水泥技术,分析其临床效果。结果术后随访3个月,根据髋关节X线片。所有患者均无髋关节脱位发生。双下肢长度差异为（3．1±1．2）mm。术后3个月髋关节Harris评分为（86±10）分。结论抛光型股骨柄假体通过其在假体设计和假体固定上的改进,可以比较好地解决老年人股骨颈骨折假体置换中所遇到的假体固定闲难等问题。     

退火处理不同管径TiO2纳米管表面成纤维细胞的生物学行为

文题释义：TiO₂纳米管阵列：利用阳极氧化方法在纯钛板表面生成的一薄层TiO₂结构。即以钛或钛合金为阴极以铂片为阳极,在含氟电解液中通过电化学方法产生的自组装TiO₂纳米管层,可通过控制阳极氧化的电压来精确控制纳米管的管径,阳极氧化的时间会影响纳米管的长度。与光滑的钛表面相比,TiO₂纳米管显著增大了表面积,提高了材料的亲水性和表面能,增加了对纤维粘连蛋白和玻璃粘连蛋白等胞外蛋白大分子的吸附,同时纳米管状结构具有加载药物和生物因子等潜能。 退火处理：退火是一种金属热处理工艺,即将金属缓慢加热到一定温度保持足够的时间,然后以适宜速度冷却。TiO₂存在3种不同的晶型结构：非晶态、锐钛矿和金红石相态。常温制备的TiO₂纳米管为非晶态,经过退火处理,控制退火处理的温度,TiO₂晶型结构转变为锐钛矿或金红石。一般情况下,400-600 ℃的退火可形成锐钛矿,600-750 ℃的退火可形成金红石相。 背景：前期研究发现不同管径钛纳米管对植体表面细胞的黏附和生长影响不同。 目的：分析退火处理不同管径TiO₂纳米管对成纤维细胞生物学行为的影响。 方法：在5 V和20 V电压下分别采用阳极氧化方法在抛光纯钛表面制备TiO₂纳米管,并行退火处理。将纯钛试样分为6组：抛光纯钛组、5 V纳米管组、20 V纳米管组、退火处理抛光纯钛组、退火处理5 V纳米管组、退火处理20 V纳米管组,利用场发射扫描电镜观察试样表面形貌。各组试样表面接种成纤维细胞,采用胞核染色计数方法分析培养60,120 min时试样表面细胞的黏附数,利用扫描电镜观察培养1 d时的细胞形态,MTT法检测培养1,3,5 d后试样表面细胞的增殖情况,天狼星红苦味酸染色法分析培养3 d时细胞的胶原纤维分泌情况。 结果与结论：①退火处理对钛表面TiO₂纳米管形貌及管径无明显影响;②5,20 V纳米管组表面的细胞黏附数量少于抛光纯钛组;退火处理增加了抛光纯钛表面的成纤维细胞黏附数量,减少了5,20 V纳米管表面的细胞黏附数量;③退火处理增强了抛光纯钛表面成纤维细胞的活性,降低了5,20 V纳米管表面的细胞活性;④5,20 V纳米管组表面的细胞增殖活性低于抛光纯钛组;退火处理提高了抛光纯钛表面的细胞增殖活性,减少了5,20 V纳米管表面的细胞增殖活性;⑤5,20 V纳米管组表面细胞的胶原纤维分泌量高于抛光纯钛组;退火处理提高了抛光纯钛表面的细胞胶原分泌量,减少了5,20 V纳米管表面的细胞胶原分泌量;⑥结果表明,TiO₂纳米管不同程度地抑制成纤维细胞的黏附、伸展和增殖,退火处理可增强这种抑制作用;TiO₂纳米管不同程度增强成纤维细胞的胶原分泌功能,退火处理抑制了这种增强效果。 ORCID: 0000-0002-3358-5856(李红彩) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程     

用原位微样本技术鉴定金属暴露的修复体元素识别潜在的过敏原

用作修复体的牙科合金有时造成过敏反应,这与牙科部件金属离子释放有关。本文报告了一种新的微样本方法用于取自患者口腔中金属修复表面的牙科合金元素分析,也评价了用微样本法打磨金属的恢复百分率。其方法是用镊子将内径2.5mm、长3mm的一段硅烷管保持在金属修复体的表面,用带有钨钢钻的高速手机插入该管,不喷水的情况下磨修复体表面,磨下的金属颗粒粘到收集样本的硅烷管内面。然后通过抛光除去修复体表面取样留下的小浅凹。用样本台上的精细器械刮,收集颗粒,对样本台上的试样用NoranVoyagerM3100进行能量散射X线显微分析。银金钯合金Caa…     

喷砂和硅涂层对聚合体玻璃复合物对铸钛结合强度的影响

由于树脂复合物对铸造金属化学结合不良,所以树脂/金属界面一直是临床医生关心的区域。树脂粘结的修复体的大多数脱胶是由于树脂/金属界面处的失败。本研究的目的是评价用喷砂和热处理硅涂层(Siloc体系)预处理铸钛表面能否改善Artglass树脂复合物对铸钛的结合强度,也和ADA型金合金作了比较。用直径10mm、厚2.5mm的圆盘形塑料型,ASTM级CP-Ti在selecast体系中铸造。ADA型金合金(Sofard)在Centrifico中铸造。用600-grit碳化硅纸打磨所有铸造圆盘表面。采用三种处理:(1)50μmAl2O3喷砂;(2)250μmAl2O3喷砂;(3)600-grit碳化硅纸抛光。应…     

高级氧化法改性镍钛合金表面后变形链球菌及白假丝酵母菌的黏附能力

背景:目前国内外对于镍钛合金改性的方法多种多样,目的就是根据镍钛合金的临床使用要求,通过各种方法不断提高镍钛合金的生物安全性、生物相容性和抗腐蚀性,以期在临床上获得更为广泛的应用前景。目的:检测口腔医用镍钛合金高级氧化法改性前后,变形链球菌、白假丝酵母菌在材料表面黏附和定植的数量,分析高级氧化法改性对镍钛合金表面微生物黏附能力的影响。方法:将抛光组和改性组放入含有变形链球菌(streptococcus mutans,C型,ATCC25175)和白假丝酵母菌(candida albicans,ATCC76615)的培养基中培养,在24,48,72h3个时间点将试件取出,标本原液进行10倍稀释,取稀释液0.1mL接种在相应培养基中,48h后行菌落形成单位计数。结果与结论:随着时间推移,抛光组和改性组中微生物的黏附量均增高;在同一个时间点,改性组表面微生物的黏附量少于抛光组(P0.01)。结果提示在唾液环境中,高级氧化法表面改性能够明显抑制镍钛合金表面对细菌的黏附能力。     

Concentrated smear technique for examining sentinel lymph nodes of the breast at the time of frozen section

Examination of sentinel lymph nodes for breast carcinoma in the frozen section room at the time of surgery is useful and, if positive, can result in completion axillary dissection at that time. To avoid wasting tissue, many pathologists use direct smears to examine these specimens. We sought to determine whether a concentrated smear technique that was subjectively easier to screen was as sensitive as standard direct and imprint smears. Eighty-five histologically positive lymph nodes were examined in the frozen section room by intraoperative cytology during the study period (35 using routine direct or imprint smears and 50 with a concentrated technique in which cells are spread in an area of < or = 1 cm(2)); 44 (52%) were identified as positive. Positive cytologic results correlated strongly with the size of the metastatic focus (P < .0001). The sampling sensitivity of the concentrated technique was 60% vs 39% for routine direct or imprint smears (P = .08). There were 3 screening errors in the routine smears and none in the concentrated smears (P = .08). The concentrated technique is as sensitive as routine direct smears for sampling sentinel nodes for breast carcinoma and may be associated with a lower screening error rate.     

Validation of the non-stereo corresponding points stereoradiographic 3D reconstruction technique

Several 3D reconstruction techniques deriving from stereoradiographic DLT have been presented during the last 15 years, but these techniques have usually been limited in accuracy because of the small number of corresponding anatomical landmarks identified on both radiographs. A new technique has recently been proposed to perform 3D reconstruction of the spine using not only the stereo-corresponding anatomical landmarks (seen on both frontal and sagittal X-ray films) but also some non-stereo-corresponding ones. This technique (called non-stereo-corresponding points or NSCP) has already been used for cervical dry vertebrae. In the present study, we focus on the validation of this technique for lumbar vertebrae by comparing four techniques: direct measurement, CT scan, 3D reconstruction by stereoradiography using a direct linear transformation (DLT) algorithm and the NSCP technique. The accuracy of the NSCP technique was also evaluated on different vertebral regions. The global results show mean errors of 1.1 mm and maximum of 7.8 mm with regard to direct measurements. These mean errors are close to those obtained using 3D reconstructions from CT scan using 1 mm cuts.     

非均匀场中磁共振成像问题的研究

本文提出了非均匀场中磁共振成像及其复原方法。当主磁场及梯度场的误差场的分布是任意时 ,结果表明了这一方法对于模拟有误差场存在时的傅里叶 轭式断层 (Fourier zeugmatography)成像和自旋 卷绕法(Spin warp)成像都是有效的。这些结果将对直接傅里叶成像中所用的电磁铁和梯度线圈的设计与制造有一定的意义。     

线扫描直接数字化X线摄影原理与应用

目的 探讨线扫描直接数字化X线摄影的工作原理与实用价值。方法 以多丝正比室线扫描X线摄影系统为基础，分析线扫描直接数字化X线摄影的适用性。结果 线扫描成像技术克服了散射线造成的干扰，且探测灵敏度和精密度分辨率高。结论 线扫描成像技术适合于除了动态摄影以外的各种数字X线摄影，对我国常规X线摄影逐步实现数字化开辟了美好的前景。     

A comparison between direct and indirect measurements of blood flow in the follicular ovary of the rabbit.

A comparison was carried out between direct and indirect measurements of blood flow in follicular ovaries of anaesthetized laparotomized rabbits: Direct measurements by timed quantitative sampling of ovarian venous blood yielded blood flow values 3 times higher than those found with the use of 15 mugm radioactive microspheres. However, when simulating the surgical trauma associated with direct measurements, the microsphere technique gave the same high ovarian flow values, indicating that this type of trauma caused ovarian hyperemia. It is concluded that direct measurements of blood flow, as performed in the present study, are unsuitable for investigations of circulatory events in the ovary. Mechanically induced ovarian vasodilatation is probably a factor which helps to explain the diverging data on blood flow obtained with direct and indirect methods. The radioactive microsphere technique appears to provide a means for reasonably reliable ovarian blood flow measurements in laboratory animals.     

A procedure for chronic microelectrode recording from cerebellar cortex in the awake cat and monkey

A technique for chronic microelectrode recording from the cerebellar cortex in the conscious cat and monkey is presented. This technique permits recording from specific folia of the cerebellar vermis by providing direct visualization of the area.     

Cytospins—an alternative method for fine-needle aspiration cytology of the breast: A study of 148 cases

The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytospin technique as an alternative method to prepare fine-needle aspiration (FNA) specimens of the breast. To do so, the cytology of 148 breast FNAs that had been prepared by the cytospin technique and that had histologic correlation, was reviewed. All the cases that were diagnosed as malignant by cytology were proved malignant after surgical excision, and there were no false-positive results. All but two cases diagnosed as benign by cytology proved to be benign on excision. The two false-negative cases were missed due to sampling error. The cytological features seen on cytospins were similar to those seen on conventional direct smears. The major advantage of this method is that no aspirate is unsatisfactory due to unskilled direct smear technique. This, along with its good correlation with histology, proves that the cytospin method is an effective alternative to conventional direct smears for breast FNA. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Image restoration from non-uniform magnetic field influence for direct Fourier NMR imaging

A new technique is proposed for NMR image restoration from the influence of main magnetic field non-uniformities. This technique is applicable to direct Fourier NMR imaging. The mathematical basis and details of this technique are fully described. Modification to include image restoration from non-linear field gradient influence is also presented. Computer simulation demonstrates the effectiveness of this technique for both Fourier zeugmatography and spin-warp imaging.     

Direct and indirect fluorescent-antibody staining techniques using commercial monoclonal antibodies for detection of respiratory syncytial virus

A comparison was made between direct and indirect fluorescent-antibody staining techniques using commercial monoclonal antibodies for detection of respiratory syncytial virus in respiratory secretions. Overall agreement between the two tests was 94 %. Using virus isolation as the reference method, the indirect test had a higher sensitivity but a similar specificity when compared with the direct test. The slight delay in reporting using the indirect technique is not clinically significant and is offset by the possibility of convenient combination of the technique with indirect fluorescent-antibodies for detection of other respiratory viruses in respiratory secretions.     

Viewing and sectioning the rat's optic nerve using cheap retractors

A technique for sectioning the optic nerve in rats is described which permits direct viewing of the nerve during surgery. The technique results in no damage to the front of the eye. A procedure for constructing cheap, effective retractors is described.