肝硬化患者不同阶段对心功能影响的临床研究

目的观察Child-Pugh分级后各肝功能不同阶段肝硬化患者心功能的变化规律。方法选取肝硬化患者96例(实验组)根据肝功能child-Pugh分级方法分为:Ⅰ组26例,Ⅱ组32例,Ⅲ组38例,健康体检者31例(对照组)。彩色多普勒超声心脏检查其左心舒张末期内径(LVD),二尖瓣血流频谱E波峰值速度和A波峰值速度(E/A值),左心收缩末期内径(LVS),左房前后径(LAD),左室射血分数(LVEF)数据。结果 (1)肝硬化患者与正常组比较LVD、LVEF、LVS显著增加,LAD增大(P<0.01);(E/A)值下降(P<0.01)。(2)肝硬化患者各组与正常组比较LVEF:正常组<Ⅰ组(P<0.05);正常组<Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组(P<0.01);LVD、LVS、LAD正常组<Ⅱ组(P<0.05)Ⅲ组(P<0.01),正常组与Ⅰ组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);E/A值正常组>Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组(P<0.01)。(3)肝硬化患者各组各项指标比较:Ⅰ组与Ⅱ组比较LVEF(P<0.01),LAD、LVD、LVS、E/A值均为(P>0.05)无显著性差异;Ⅰ组与Ⅲ组比较LVEF(P>0.05)无显著性差异,...     

脓毒症患者左心室功能改变及其临床意义探讨

目的探讨脓毒症患者左心室功能改变特征及其临床意义。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,以84例脓毒症患者为研究对象,20例健康查体者为对照组,脓毒症患者入院后行动态超声心动图检查,并测定血清IL-6和cTnT浓度,同时记录临床资料及临床转归。对照组测定血清IL-6和cTnT浓度。结果根据超声心动图检查结果将脓毒症患者左心室功能的改变分为3种类型:Ⅰ型(51例),表现:LVEDD正常,LVEF正常,E/A减低。Ⅱ型(18例),表现:LVEDD扩大,LVEF正常,E/A减低。Ⅲ型(15例),表现:LVEDD扩大,LVEF减低,E/A减低。三型患者性别、年龄、感染部位及病原体类别之间差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。脓毒症患者IL-6浓度高于对照组(P<0.01),Ⅲ型患者IL-6和cTnT浓度高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ型(P<0.05);Ⅲ型患者休克、MODS发生率高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ型(P<0.05);病死率:Ⅲ型(73.33%)>Ⅰ型(21.57%)>Ⅱ型(0)(P<0.01)。结论脓毒症患者普遍存在左心室舒张功能减低,部分同时合并左心室收缩功能减低;IL-6和cTnT参与了左心室功能不全的发生;左心室收缩功能减低者预后差;左心室扩张不伴收缩功能...     

老年糖尿病患者血尿酸水平变化的临床观察

目的探讨老年糖尿病患者血尿酸水平变化的临床观察。方法采用回顾性分析的方法,分析我院收治的120例老年糖尿病患者及50例健康体检人员的临床资料,依据有无糖尿病并发症发生,分为无并发症糖尿病组(30例)即Ⅰ组、有并发症糖尿病组(90例)即Ⅱ组和对照组(50例)即Ⅲ组。分析3组观察对象的血尿酸、胰岛素抵抗情况。结果Ⅱ组SUA、FPG、FIns及HOMA-IR均明显高于组Ⅲ组,P<0.05;Ⅱ组SUA、HOMA-IR均高于Ⅰ组,P<0.05;Ⅰ组SUA、FPG、FIns及HOMA-IR均明显高于Ⅲ组,P<0.05,差异均有统计学意义。结论血尿酸可以作为糖尿病诊断及其并发症的预警指标,为临床治疗提供可靠的理论依据。     

早发型重度子痫前期期待治疗的临床分析

目的 探讨期待治疗对不同孕周早发型重度子痫前期母儿结局的影响.方法 1996年至2005年单胎、早发型重度妊娠子痫前期73例,其中49例行期待治疗.按孕周分三组Ⅰ组(＜28周)2例,Ⅱ组(28～31周)20例,Ⅲ组(32～34周)27例.结果 三组的年龄、孕产次、入选时血压、尿蛋白差异无显著性.三组孕龄分别延长(19.5±6.4),(12.0±8.8)和(9.0±5.6)d.13例发生一个或多个脏器损害,总并发症率26.5%.三组并发症率分别为100%,40%和11.1%,Ⅲ组明显低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组(P＜0.05).剖宫产率达81.6%.无孕产妇死亡.新生儿病率53.1%,26倒新生儿因病入特护室治疗.8例新生儿死亡,新生儿死亡率28.6%.三组新生儿死亡率分别为50.0%、15%和14.8%,三组比较差异无显著性(P＞0.05).结论 早发型重度子痫前期期待治疗入选孕周越小,母儿并发症率、新生儿患病率及死亡率越高.小于28孕周的重度子痛前期期待治疗要慎重28 31孕周应积极期待治疗.     

血清抵抗素及其基因299G/A多态性与腹型肥胖的相关性研究

目的探讨血清抵抗素水平及其抵抗素基因多态性位点299G/A与腹型肥胖的相关性。方法测量125例非糖尿病的腹型肥胖患者及85例对照者的身高、体重、腰围、血压,检测血清空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、抵抗素和总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、载脂蛋白A、载脂蛋白B、抵抗素基因299G/A多态性,胰岛素抵抗指数HOMA-IR=FPG×FINS/22.5。结果 (1)腹型肥胖组与对照组相比,各主要指标的均数±标准差如下:Resistin分别为(3.761±1.608)ng/mLvs(3.048±1.233)ng/mL(P<0.05);FINS分别为(9.827±4.431)mIu/Lvs(6.574±4.181)mIu/L(P<0.05);HOMA-IR分别为(3.761±1.608)vs(3.048±1.233)(P<0.05)。(2)以Resistin为应变量的多元逐步回归方程:Y=-2.541+0.302X1+0.196X2+0.026X3(X1为胰岛素,X2为胰岛素抵抗指数,X3为腰围,P<0.01)。(3)腹型肥胖组抵抗素基因299G/A位点A等位基因频率显著高于对照组。结论腹型肥胖者血清抵抗素水平显著升高与H...     

乳癖散结胶囊治疗乳腺增生病的疗效观察及机制探讨

目的观察乳癖散结胶囊治疗乳腺增生病的疗效及其对性激素水平的影响。方法180例患者按服药时间(1、2、3疗程)随机均分成A、B、C组。观察各组患者的总有效率、复发率及治疗前后卵泡期血清性激素雌二醇(E2)、孕酮(P)、催乳素(PRL)水平变化。结果3组总有效率分别为70%、90%和93.3%;B组、C组患者总有效率明显高于A组(P<0.05),复发率明显低于A组(P<0.05);C组总有效率及复发率与B组比较差异无统计学意义。A组患者治疗后血清E2、P、PRL水平与治疗前比较差异均无统计学意义。B组、C组患者治疗后血清E2、PRL水平较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),P水平较治疗前明显升高(P<0.05);且B组、C组患者治疗后血清E2、PRL水平较A组患者治疗后明显降低(P<0.05),P水平较A组患者治疗后明显升高(P<0.05)。结论乳癖散结胶囊治疗乳腺增生病的疗效确切,延长疗程能提高疗效、降低复发率,其机理可能与血清E2、PRL水平下降、P水平上升有关。     

胸腺蛋白口服液与复方嗽口液对急性放射性口腔粘膜反应的临床疗效

目的　观察胸腺蛋白口服液 (欣洛维 )对急性放射性口腔粘膜反应的疗效。方法　 6 0例鼻咽癌患者随机分为两组 :(A)欣洛维用药组 ,(B)复方嗽口液用药组 ,用药与放射治疗同期进行。根据WHO急性放射性口腔粘膜反应分级进行临床评价。结果　放射治疗DT≤ 10GY时 ,欣洛维组与复方嗽口液组放射性口腔粘膜反应发生率分别为 33.3% ( 10 / 30 )和 70 % ( 2 1/ 30 )。治疗过程中Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级急性口腔粘膜反应发生率 ,欣洛维组为 5 3.3%( 16 / 30 ) ,复方嗽口液组为 80 % ( 2 4 / 30 )。治疗结束时 ,欣洛维组Ⅰ～Ⅱ级反应为 83.3% ( 2 5 / 30 ) ,复方嗽口液组仅为33.3% ( 10 / 30 )。结论　欣洛维可明显推迟放射性口腔粘膜反应的发生 ,并降低Ⅲ、Ⅳ级急性口腔粘膜反应的发生率 ,促进口腔粘膜溃疡的愈合     

盐酸替罗非班在非ST段抬高急性冠脉综合征的应用

目的观察血小板膜糖蛋白Ⅱb/Ⅲa(GPⅡb/Ⅲa)受体拮抗剂替罗非班对非ST段抬高急性冠脉综合征(NSTE-ACS)患者冠状动脉遣影结果的影响。方法32例NSTE-ACS患者随机分成治疗组(替罗非班 常规治疗组)和对照组(常规治疗组),疗程24h。结果治疗组冠状动脉狭窄程度≥70%者5例(31.3%),较对照组(9例,56.20%)明显减少(P<00.5),结论盐酸替罗非班在标准治疗基础上能明显减少NSTE-ACS患者的冠状动脉狭窄程度。     

血尿酸与急性脑梗死相关性探讨

目的探讨血尿酸水平对急性脑梗死事件预测的临床意义。方法对50例脑梗死患者(病例组)与健康体检者(对照组)进行血尿酸测定,比较两组尿酸水平。结果脑梗死组和对照组空腹血尿酸升高分别为24例和6例,占48.0%和12.0%,血浆尿酸浓度分别为(459.3±77.2)umol/L及(322.8±70.5)umol/L,差异有统计学意义。结论高尿酸是动脉粥样硬化期的一个危险因素,也是急性脑梗死的一个独立危险因素。     

生长抑素治疗急性上消化道出血疗效观察

目的探讨生长抑素治疗上消化道出血的临床应用价值。方法以我院2007年4月至2009年12月104例应用生长抑素(善得定)治疗的急性上消化道出血患者为研究组,以同期应用综合治疗的41例急性上消化道出血患者作为对照组。比较分析2组治疗效果、止血时间、治疗费用等情况。结果研究组显效48例,显效率46.15%,总有效99例,总有效率95.19%,显著高于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01);研究组平均止血时间(38.24±4.26)h,显著少于对照组(P<0.01);研究组平均治疗费用(4462.32±102.74)元,显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论生长抑素类药物治疗上消化道出血疗效显著,禁忌证少,应作为首选止血药物推广应用。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.