3 Cr耐腐蚀油井管用钢的连续冷却转变行为研究

文章以3Cr耐腐蚀油井管用钢为研究对象,利用FORMASTOR-F全自动相变仪,测定了实验钢的相变点和过冷奥氏体连续冷却转变CCT曲线,采用蔡司显微镜对不同冷速处理后的试样进行了组织分析。实验结果表明,3Cr耐腐蚀油井管用钢的相变点Ac1为730℃,Ac3为830℃。当冷速为0.1~0.5℃/s时,室温组织为先共析铁素体+贝氏体;冷却速度为0.5~0.8℃/s时,室温组织为铁素体+贝氏体+马氏体,当冷速为1~3℃/s时获得马氏体+贝氏体混合组织;当冷速大于3℃/s时获得马氏体组织。     

压力容器用14Cr1MoR钢奥氏体连续冷却转变曲线

利用膨胀仪测定了14CrlMoR钢(/%:0.01C,0.66Si,0.80Mn,0.006P,0.003S,1.72Cr,0.31Mo,0.01Nb)的临界点及连续冷却转变曲线并研究了冷却速度对试验钢的组织及显微硬度的影响。结果表明,当冷却速度为0.1~1℃/s时,试验钢的转变组织为铁素体和珠光体;2~5℃/s时,试验钢得到铁素体、珠光体以及少量粒状贝氏体的混合组织;10℃/s时,试验钢组织为铁素体和粒状贝氏体;15~20℃/s时为板条贝氏体组织;25~50℃/s时,该钢得到板条贝氏体和马氏体的混合组织。     

BT-65MnRE钢的CCT曲线测定与分析

文章通过测定BT-65 MnRE钢在不同冷速下的连续冷却转变曲线,利用金相显微镜观察了不同冷速下的显微组织.结果表明:试验钢BT-65 MnRE的相变点Ac1为707℃,Ac3为764℃,当冷却速度为1～4℃/s时,室温组织为珠光体+先共析铁素体,当冷却速度为5～8℃/s时,室温组织为珠光体+贝氏体+马氏体+少量铁素体,当冷却速度为10～30℃/s时,室温组织为珠光体+马氏体+少量铁素体,当冷却速度大于40℃/s时,室温组织为马氏体.     

北极海洋平台用Q355E热轧H型钢连续冷却转变规律

在实验室利用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机对3种Nb、V微合金化Q355E热轧H型钢进行了连续冷却转变规律测试,研究了冷却速度对试验钢组织与硬度的影响。结果表明:在冷速为0.5℃/s时,组织中开始出现贝氏体;冷速大于7℃/s时,珠光体转变即终止。在中等冷速下,Nb的加入促进了贝氏体的形成,抑制了铁素体与珠光体的形核;并且Nb的加入使铁素体转变区右移。Cr的加入降低了较高冷速下铁素体与珠光体相变点,并促进了高冷速下马氏体的形成。由于受V析出的影响,含V试验钢在冷速为1℃/s时其硬度曲线有一个"波谷"。3种试验钢的冷速在0.5~3℃/s之间时,试验钢可获得强韧性较好的细小准多边形铁素体、少量珠光体与贝氏体的复合组织。     

TMCP工艺对低碳Ni-Nb钢组织转变和力学性能的影响

 为了研究TMCP工艺对低碳Ni-Nb钢显微组织转变类型和晶粒尺寸的影响规律,研究了不同TMCP工艺下的显微组织特征及其对力学性能的作用机理。结果表明,在未变形轧制情况下,当冷却速度小于5 ℃/s时,显微组织为铁素体和珠光体,铁素体晶粒尺寸随着冷却速度的增大而减小;在变形轧制情况下,随着冷却速度的增加,组织中的铁素体晶粒尺寸明显减小;当冷却速度增大到5 ℃/s时,微观组织中出现了大量粒状贝氏体。试制钢板试验表明,当冷却速度为4 ℃/s时,试验钢的组织为准多边形铁素体,可以有效提高钢的低温韧性;当冷却速度达到6 ℃/s时,试验钢微观组织中出现大量粒状贝氏体,明显降低钢的低温韧性。     

一种V、Nb微合金化高强钢筋连续冷却转变组织性能研究

在膨胀仪上测定了一种V、Nb微合金化高强钢筋的临界点Ac1、Ac3、Ar1和Ar3,获得了该钢在不同冷却速度下连续冷却时的膨胀曲线。采用膨胀法结合金相-硬度法,获得了试验钢的连续冷却转变曲线(CCT曲线),并研究了冷却速度对该钢组织及力学性能的影响。结果显示,当冷却速度为0. 1～2℃/s时,显微组织由铁素体和珠光体组成,显微硬度为193～250 HV30;冷却速度为3～5℃/s时,显微组织由铁素体、珠光体和贝氏体组成,硬度为268～287 HV30;冷却速度为5～30℃/s时,显微组织由铁素体、贝氏体和马氏体组成,硬度为287～424 HV30。对试验钢来说,控冷速度为0. 5～3℃/s之间最为理想,本文研究结果可作为高强度钢筋冷却过程的控制依据。     

超大型液化石油气船用低温钢组织性能

 为了满足超大型液化石油气船的建造需要,介绍了采用铌、钛复合微合金化及控制轧制与控制冷却技术研制超大型液化石油气船用LT-FH32低温钢,并对其显微组织演变及力学性能进行系统研究。CCT曲线研究表明,当冷却速度小于3 ℃/s时,LT-FH32低温钢主要获得多边形铁素体和少量珠光体组织;冷却速度为5~15 ℃/s时,主要为多边形铁素体、针状铁素体和贝氏体的多相组织;当冷却速度大于20 ℃/s时,主要为板条贝氏体组织。经控制轧制和控制冷却获得的10和34 mm板厚的低温钢,其显微组织均为多边形铁素体和板条贝氏体多相组织。两种板厚的多相组织低温钢横、纵向性能差异不大,屈服强度为390~413 MPa,抗拉强度为485~521 MPa,-80 ℃夏比冲击功高于200 J,韧脆性转变温度为-100 ℃以下。     

L360NB管线钢连续冷却转变(CCT)曲线的测定和冷却速度对组织的影响

用Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机测定了L360NB管线钢圆铸坯(/%:0.14C、0.32Si、0.14Mn、0.020Ti、0.010V、0.038Nb、0.040Al)的连续冷却转变(CCT)曲线,并用光学显微镜观察了0.1～50℃/s冷却速度的组织。结果表明,当冷却速度为0.1℃/s时,钢的组织主要为板条贝氏体和准多边形铁素体,有少量针状铁素体,当冷却速度≥1.0℃/s,准多边形铁素体减少,板条状贝氏体和针状铁素体增加;当冷却速度≥10℃/s时试样的组织主要为板条状贝氏体和针状铁素体,准多边形铁素体很少,在50℃/s时未观察到块状准多边形铁素体,说明Nb、V、Ti复合微合金化促进贝氏体形成。     

热变形后冷却速度对铁索体-贝氏体微合金钢组织演变的影响

开发了0.06C-1.08Si-1.64Mn-0.30Mo-0.039Nb-0.01Ti铁素体-贝氏体微合金化(F+B)钢;用Gleeble-1500热模拟机测定了该实验钢在900℃变形50%后0.5～40 ℃/s冷却速度下的连续冷却转变曲线(CCT),并分析了形变奥氏体的相变组织.结果表明,该钢的CCT曲线分为多边形铁素体转变区和贝氏体转变区两大部分,中间被奥氏体亚稳区隔开;当冷速≤2℃/s时,钢中出现多边形铁素体,当冷速≥5℃/s时,组织主要为粒状贝氏体和板条贝氏体.     

不同冷却速度对高强度结构钢组织的影响

利用MMS-200型热模拟试验机研究了不同冷却速度对高强度结构钢组织结构的影响,用热膨胀法建立了动态条件下的连续冷却转变曲线（CCT）,结果表明：冷却速度在1～2℃/s时,相变组织为多边形铁素体＋少量珠光体组织;随着冷却速度的升高,珠光体逐渐消失,相变组织为多边形铁素体＋少量粒状贝氏体;当冷速大于15℃/s时,相变组织主要为板条状贝氏体;大于25℃/s时,组织逐渐演变为板条马氏体。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.