高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法测定蛋黄卵磷脂的含量

建立了蛋黄磷脂中卵磷脂（即磷脂酰胆碱,PC)的高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测（HPLC-ELSD）的测定方法。以Nov a-Pak Silica 60A硅胶柱(3.9 mm i.d.×150 mm,4 μm)为分离柱,正己烷-异丙醇-3%冰醋酸水溶液(体积比为35∶65 ∶8)为流动相，等度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温30 ℃。蒸发光散射检测器漂移管温度50 ℃,雾化气(空气)压力350 kPa。在上述条件下测得PC在0.16~1.61 g/L范围内线性关系良好(r2=0.9979),检测限为0.64 μg,方法的精密度为3.2%(n=5),回收率为98.2%~128.2%。将该方法用于实际样品的测定,获得了令人满意的结果。该方 法预处理简单,分析速度快,可用于蛋黄磷脂中卵磷脂的测定。     

高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法测定肉苁蓉中的甜菜碱

建立了高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法测定中药材肉苁蓉中甜菜碱含量的方法。采用Waters Spherisorb S5 NH2 色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm),柱温25 ℃,流动相为0.1%（体积分数）三氟乙酸水溶液-甲醇(体积比为15∶85）,流速0.6 mL/min。蒸发光散射检测器参数：漂移管温度90 ℃,喷雾器温度45 ℃,载气（氮气）压力110 kPa（16 psi）。结果表明,该法具有良好的线性关系,同时,不同种肉苁蓉的测定结果表明：管花肉苁蓉不含甜菜碱,因此建议将甜菜碱作为标志物质来鉴别正品肉苁蓉(Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma)和管花肉苁蓉(C. tubulosa (schenk) R. Wight)。     

何首乌中磷脂类化合物的微波辅助萃取/高效液相色谱法测定

利用微波辅助萃取(MAE)技术对何首乌中磷脂类化合物的萃取条件进行研究,并通过液相色谱法分离测定.通过对MAE影响因素的考察,确定萃取溶剂为氯仿-甲醇(体积比1 : 2)的混合溶剂,固液比为1 : 20,萃取时间15 min,温度45 ℃.在HPLC中,采用Nucleosil 100-5硅胶色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm i.d. ,5 μm),甲醇为流动相,流速0.8 mL/min,进样量15 μL,蒸发光散射检测器.     

亲水色谱-蒸发光散射检测器定量分析白坚木皮醇含量

建立白坚木皮醇(Quebrachitol)含量的亲水作用色谱-蒸发光散射检测器(ZICHILIC-ELSD)测定方法。Merck ZIC-HILIC色谱柱(150×4.6mm,5μm);以乙腈-水(体积比为70∶30)为流动相,等度洗脱,流速为1.0mL/min;蒸发光散射检测器,蒸发温度为65℃,雾化温度为50℃,高纯氮压力9.9 MPa。结果表明,白坚木皮醇浓度与其色谱峰面积积分值呈很好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9997。检测限为0.08mg/mL;相对标准偏差为0.48%;加标回收率为100.3%。该方法快速、简便、准确,适合从复杂体系中快速检测白坚木皮醇的含量。     

高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法在烟用香精料液中水溶性糖及山梨醇分析中的应用

建立了高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射(HPLC-ELSD)同时检测烟用香精料液中6种水溶性糖及山梨醇的分析方法。方法选用Isolute ENV+固相萃取(SPE)小柱净化样品提取液,以Prevail Carbohydrate ES高效糖柱(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm)作为分析柱,以乙腈和水(75:25, v/v)作为流动相,在1.0 mL/min流速下实现目标物的良好分离;蒸发光散射检测器漂移管温度为79 ℃,载气流速为2.0 L/min。方法针对各目标物建立双对数工作曲线,线性范围约为0.06～1.2 g/L,检出限为12～26 mg/L,样品加标回收率为88%～109%。针对蒸发光散射检测器的双对数工作曲线,通过实验进行分析对比,并结合前人的工作,指出目标物的物理化学性质及其在色谱柱上的保留状态和流动相的洗脱能力等都是影响检测信号的因素。     

高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射法测定甘油磷脂酰胆碱

建立了高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射法(HPLC-ELSD)测定甘油磷脂酰胆碱(L-α-GPC)的方法。得到最佳色谱条件:色谱柱为Tigerkin Diol柱(250×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-水(体积比90∶10),氮气流量为1.50L/min,漂移管温度为65℃。用外标法对L-α-GPC和磷脂酰胆碱(PC)进行定量分析,线性范围分别为0.25~3.00g/L和0.50~5.00g/L,相关系数分别为0.9993和0.9987;平均回收率分别为95.87%和95.72%;相对标准偏差分别为1.75%和1.93%。该方法能够简便快速的将L-α-GPC与其他磷脂进行分离。     

HPLC／UV法对银鲫肌肉组织中甲苯咪唑及其代谢产物残留的同时测定

建立了一种用高效液相色谱同时测定银鲫肌肉组织中甲苯咪唑(MBZ)及其代谢物氨基甲苯咪唑和羟基甲苯咪唑的方法.银鲫肌肉组织用乙酸乙酯提取,萃取物旋转蒸发至干后用1 mL二甲基甲酰胺-0.05 mol/L磷酸盐缓冲液(体积比3 ∶ 7)定容.色谱条件:Waters symmetry C18反相色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm);流动相:乙腈-0.05 mol/L磷酸二氢铵溶液(体积比33 ∶ 67);流速:0.8 mL/min;检测波长为298 nm;检测温度为室温.在10 ～120 μg/kg添加水平,MBZ、MBZ-NH2、MBZ-OH的回收率分别为81% ～86%、71% ～75%、86% ～93%.MBZ的检出限为2 μg/kg,MBZ-OH和MBZ-NH2检出限均为3 μg/kg.     

高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射法测定葡萄果实的糖分

建立了测定葡萄果实中果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖含量的高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法(HPLC-ELSD)。采用Prevail carbohydrate ES色谱柱(250×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-水(体积比78∶22),流速1mL/min。选择漂移管温度50℃,N2流速1.5L/min。该条件下,果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖含量在1.0~50.0μg与其峰面积具有良好的线性关系,相关系数均在0.9996以上;果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖的平均回收率分别为98.17%、98.47%、99.82%,精密度分别为0.71%、0.92%、0.96%,稳定性分别为1.5%、2.7%、1.8%。方法快速、简单、准确,可用于测定葡萄果实的果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖。     

高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法测定合成产物中的果糖棕榈酸酯

建立了反相高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测（HPLC-ELSD）测定合成产物中的果糖棕榈酸单酯和果糖棕榈酸双酯的方法。HPLC-ELSD条件为：反相Prevail C18色谱柱,柱温为30 ℃,流动相为乙酸乙酯-甲醇-水（体积比为59.4∶30∶10.6）,流速为1 mL/min,ELSD漂移管温度为73.8 ℃,载气流速为2 L/min。在该色谱条件下,果糖棕榈酸单酯及果糖棕榈酸双酯在进样量为1～15 μg时,与其峰面积的线性关系良好,相关系数r2均大于0.9996。     

高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射法测定牛黄中多种有效成分含量及其质量相关性研究

建立高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射法(HPLC-ELSD)同时快速测定牛黄中7种组分的含量的方法。色谱柱为UltimateAQ-C18柱,流动相为乙腈-0.2%甲酸水溶液,梯度洗脱,流速1mL/min;蒸发光散射检测器参数:漂移管温度100℃,载气(N2)流速1.9L/min。在选定色谱条件下,胆固醇、各种胆汁酸及其钠盐峰形良好且能达到很好地分离。各组分色谱峰峰面积的对数与浓度的对数呈良好线形关系(r0.9972);标准加入回收率为98.8%～112.7%;7种组分的最低检出限为0.001～0.007g/L。本方法可简便、快速地同时检测不同牛黄样品中7种组分的含量并可表征不同牛黄样品的质量,从而为该名贵药材的质量控制提供更全面的依据和参考。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.