TLP焊用非晶态中间层合金的制备及焊接性能

研究了适于16Mn钢TLP焊用非晶态Ni-Si-B中间层合金的成分及相选择,在热力学模拟试验机上对16Mn钢进行了TLP焊接,分析了中间层合金的焊接性能、结合界面组织和接头力学性能.结果表明,非晶态镍基中间层合金在TLP焊16Mn钢的过程中具有良好的润湿性和铺展性.接头填充饱满,组织均匀,界面母材与原始组织相比未有粗化迹象.焊接工艺参数为轴向压力10 MPa、升温速度50℃/s、焊接温度1150℃和保温时间5min条件下,所得接头的弯曲角达90°.Ni基非晶态中间层实现了16Mn钢TLP焊高强度连接.     

316L不锈钢管道焊接工艺

我公司承担了攀钢煤化公司回收Ⅱ期脱酸蒸氨装置改造工程 ,该工程大部分是要求耐酸耐碱腐蚀的不锈钢管道 ,材质为 316Ｌ。工程质量的好坏 ,将直接影响到生产的安全运行。因此 ,制定合理有效的不锈钢焊接工艺是关键。1　焊接工艺( 1)焊接方法。由于现场多数为不锈钢管道 ,且大小不一 ,根据不锈钢的焊接特点 ,尽可能减小热输入量 ,故采用手工电弧焊、氩弧焊两种方法 ,ｄ >15 9ｍｍ的采用氩弧焊打底 ,手工电弧焊盖面。ｄ≤15 9ｍｍ的全用氩弧焊。焊机采用手工电弧焊 /氩弧焊两用的ＷＳ7-4 0 0逆变式弧焊机。( 2 )焊接材料。奥氏体不锈钢是…     

316L不锈钢扩散焊接头的微观结构和力学性能

针对不同焊接参数的含镍中间层316L不锈钢扩散焊接头,进行室温和550℃高温拉伸实验,采用SEM、XRD和金相显微镜分析接头区域的微观结构和相分布。结果表明:接头的室温力学性能随焊接温度的提高而降低,而高温力学性能随温度的提高而提高。XRD分析表明,焊接过程中产生的Fe0.64Ni0.36导致接头区域的相组成不均一;在高温拉伸实验时,DB2和DB3接头中的Fe0.64Ni0.36发生相变,强度和塑性更好的FeNi3是接头高温强度提高的原因。     

316L不锈钢管的现场焊接工艺

分析了316L不锈钢管焊接性,制定了焊接工艺和操作方法,实践证明,采用该工艺指导实际生产具有良好的效果.     

B含量对IC10合金TLP焊接用中间层材料及接头组织的影响

以母材成分为基、以硼为降熔元素配制了3种中间层材料,并对中间层和焊缝的组织进行了研究。结果表明,在B含量为1.6%~3.2%范围内,随着B含量的增加,中间层材料中硼化物数量增多,组织细化,均匀性提高。1 270℃保温1 h的对接接头组织观察表明,中间层材料的B含量越高,焊缝中心共晶区宽度越小,共晶区硼化物断续分布,数量减少,焊缝中γ'相的数量增多,尺寸增大。     

CuCrZr合金与316L不锈钢电子束焊接头微观组织与力学性能

在焊接电压150 kV和焊接速度15 mm/s不变的情况下,以3种厚度分别为1.5,2.5,3.5 mm的CuCrZr合金与316L不锈钢为研究对象,分别采用对应的电子束流为11,13,15 mA进行真空电子束焊试验,并对焊接接头的显微组织与力学性能进行了对比分析。结果表明：3种不同厚度的焊接接头焊缝区的硬度均高于CuCrZr合金母材区的,接近316L不锈钢母材区的,其中3.5 mm厚度的硬度最大,为HV196;在抗拉测试中,板厚1.5 mm的焊接接头抗拉性能最好,断裂位置位于铜侧,抗拉强度达到了546 MPa,断后伸长率为54%。但3种焊接接头焊缝区微观均出现了微裂纹,焊缝区存在大量的弥散组织,组织主要为富铁与富铜固溶析出相。     

316L钢焊接接头在液态铅铋合金中的空泡腐蚀研究

通过使用大功率超声空化装置对固溶处理前后的焊接接头在液态铅铋合金中的空泡腐蚀行为进行了研究。使用电子扫描电镜(SEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)对不同空化时间的焊缝的表面形貌、表面粗糙度以及表面硬度进行分析。研究发现,随着空泡腐蚀的不断进行,材料表面的粗糙度和最大腐蚀深度均在不断增加,且固溶处理前后的焊缝在空泡腐蚀前期均出现加工硬化的现象。未固溶处理的焊缝表面还出现显著的塑性变形的痕迹。固溶处理后的焊缝硬度大幅提高,塑性虽然下降,但是结果表明固溶处理后的焊缝组织的耐空蚀性能更好。     

中间层对GH5188高温合金TLP扩散焊接头的影响

通过自主研发制备了三种不同W含量KCo7、KCo8、KCo9中间层,采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对中间层进行表征,并在1180℃保温60 min的条件下进行GH5188高温合金真空瞬间液相扩散焊试验验证;分别研究了中间层厚度以及不同中间层接头显微结构及力学性能的影响。结果表明：当KCo7中间层厚度为20μm时,接头存在大量未焊合缺陷,室温抗拉强度仅有568 MPa;当KCo7中间层厚度增加至40μm时,焊缝填充良好,室温抗拉强度达到941.3 MPa。此外,随着中间层中W含量由0增加至8%(质量分数)时,焊缝中心富W的M₆C析出量明显增加,室温抗拉强度先上升后下降。其中,采用厚度为40μm的KCo8中间层获得的接头具有最高的室温抗拉强度1033 MPa,且断裂发生在母材区。     

阀门球芯316L不锈钢小空间TIG焊接工艺

采用填丝的TIG焊接方法对不锈钢球芯流道口进行小空间全位置自动焊接。通过设计可进行小空间作业的TIG焊枪,配合送丝机气保托罩紫铜散热夹与小车行走装置,搭建自动化焊接平台。在阀门球芯的小空间内多重氩气保护下,开展不锈钢球芯流道口V形焊缝的焊接。焊前清理焊缝及周围区域的杂质油污,焊接时使用高纯氩进行严格的惰性气氛保护,获得各项性能均符合技术要求的焊缝。焊后对焊缝区域进行微观组织和力学性能的测试评定,分析缺陷的产生及原因,并改善焊接工艺参数。测试焊缝、热影响区附近及母材位置的硬度,绘制相应的工艺曲线,获得最佳的工艺参数组合。     

涂层316L不锈钢焊丝GMAW焊接稳定性研究

为了改善熔化极气体保护焊的工艺性,采用拉拔涂敷工艺开发涂层316L不锈钢焊丝,涂层成分为Ca元素的化合物以及Na、Ti、Si元素的氧化物,制备的两种涂层焊丝分别含有CaF2和CaCO3.通过电参数信号采集系统和高速摄影机对未涂层焊丝与涂层焊丝的堆焊过程稳定性进行研究.结果 表明:未涂层焊丝的焊接电流波动较大,电弧形态不...     

镍作中间层脉冲加压扩散连接钛合金与不锈钢

采用纳米Ni粉、纳米Ni镀层、Ni箔作中间过渡层,对TA17近。型钛合金与0Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢进行了脉冲加压扩散连接,接头抗拉强度分别达到了175,212,334MPa。在金相显微镜下,对拉伸断口形貌进行了观察和分析;利用扫描电镜（SEM）、能谱仪（EDS）、X射线衍射分析（XRD）测定了连接接头各区域内的微区成分和物相。结果表明,纳米Ni粉致密度不够高,纳米Ni镀层质量不够高,在很大程度上限制了接头强度的提高;Ni箔中间层的存在成功地阻止了Fe与Ti之间的互扩散,避免了形成脆而硬的Fe—Ti系金属间化合物。     

Electropolishing of 316L stainless steel for anticorrosion passivation

316L stainless steel is deemed an indispensable material in the semiconductor industry. In many instances, the surface of the production equipment needs to be treated for low-corrosion passivation, good finish, weldability, and cleanliness. The process characteristics of electropolishing meet these requirements well. The current study investigates the effects of the major processing parameters on the anticorrosion performance and the surface roughness. The electrolyte with 10% water content and a ratio between H₂SO₄ and H₃PO₄ of 4 and 6 has been proven to be successful, showing no corrosion pitting points on the specimen surface. The electrolyte temperature of 85±10 °C and the electrical current density of 0.5 to 1.0 A/cm² are found to be optimal. The processing time beyond 3 to 5 min produces no further improvement. The addition of 10% glycerin provides a very fine surface (maximum roughness of 0.05 μm), while the anticorrosion performance is deteriorated. The results obtained are useful for the manufacture of the semiconductor equipment.     

Surface modification of 316L stainless steel with high-intensity pulsed ion beams

The surface of 316L stainless steel was irradiated by high-intensity pulsed ion beams (HIPIB) at ion current density of 100, 200 and 300 A/cm² with 10 shots. The surface morphology and the phase structure in the near surface region of original and treated samples were analyzed with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) was used to study the distribution of elements on the irradiated surfaces. It is found that the HIPIB irradiation can smooth the surface of the targets, and a preferred orientation presents in the surface layer of the treated samples. Otherwise, selective ablation of impurities occurs during the interaction between HIPIB and the targets. Due to the compress stress wave induced by the bombardment, the microhardness is increased significantly in a depth range of up to 200 μm, which reduces the friction coefficient of the treated surfaces and improves the wear resistance of them. Because the grain size reduces and the impurities content decreases in the irradiated surface layer, the electrochemical corrosion resistance is enhanced. In addition, HIPIB irradiation prolongates the fatigue life of 316L at room temperature due to a combination of the smooth surface and the high dislocation density in the surface layer of the treated samples.     

316L不锈钢表面激光熔覆Stellite-F合金层的电化学腐蚀行为

采用CO₂激光器在316L不锈钢表面熔覆Stellite-F合金,通过电化学方法研究了Stellite-F熔覆合金层在5wt%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为。结果表明:与316L不锈钢相比,与基材呈冶金结合的Stellite-F合金层自腐蚀电位较正、自腐蚀电流密度较小,无点腐蚀现象出现,耐海水腐蚀性能较好;研究发现,熔覆合金层物相主要由γ-Co固溶体与Ni₃C、Cr₂₃C₆碳化物构成,在盐溶液中其腐蚀失效机制为选择性腐蚀,即固溶体合金相作为阳极被腐蚀浸出,碳化物相得到阴极保护暴露析出,同时固溶体相中的Co、Ni组分优先被腐蚀浸出,其余组分形成海绵状结构。     

电弧喷涂316L不锈钢涂层的结构与性能

采用电弧喷涂优化工艺制备316L不锈钢涂层,利用扫描电镜、能谱仪和X射线衍射仪等对涂层的组织及物相进行分析,同时对涂层的硬度、结合强度进行了测定。结果表明：涂层具有典型的层状形貌,涂层截面较为致密,局部区域出现粗大孔洞;涂层与基体之间主要为机械结合,结合强度较高;涂层硬度的最大值出现在涂层中部,靠近界面的基体组织发生加工硬化。     

Transient liquid phase bonding of 304 stainless steel using a Co-based interlayer

Transient liquid phase bonding of AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel was carried out using a Co-based interlayer with 40?μm thickness. The effect of bonding time and solid-state homogenisation time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of samples was investigated. The results showed that isothermal solidification was completed within 30?min at a constant temperature of 1180°C. With increasing homogenisation time, at 1000°C, a more uniform distribution of alloying elements and hardness profile across the joint region was achieved. The average shear strength of homogenised samples was about 72% that of the base metal at the same heat treatment cycle.     

表面机械研磨处理对316L不锈钢组织和性能的影响

对2.8mm厚的316L不锈钢板的上下表层进行机械研磨处理(SMAT),对经过不同时间的SMAT后的样品的表层组织进行金相观察,并测量SMAT不同时间的样品的硬度、抗拉强度.结果表明,经过表面机械研磨处理不同时间后,在316L不锈钢板表层获得了不同厚度的表面强化层,强化层组织为沿厚度方向由纳米晶层向微米晶层过渡的梯度组织;随着SMAT时间的增加,总的强化层厚度增加;表面组织的变化导致了表面硬度明显增加,整体材料的屈服强度增加;表面机械研磨处理时间对性能的影响并非线性增加,表面硬度和整体材料的屈服强度在处理5min时增加显著,处理时间继续增加到15、30和60min,它们的增加速度很小.拉伸断口表面形貌的扫描电镜观察表明,经过5min处理后的样品,表层的剪切唇变形区域面积增加,断口微观特征为长条状的韧窝,但是随着处理时间的增加,剪切唇区的尺寸并没有继续增加,而是开始下降,表面硬化区域的增加造成了塑性变形能力的下降.     

Corrosion behaviour of 316L stainless steel manufactured by selective laser melting

This work investigates the electrochemical behaviour of an AISI 316L stainless steel produced by selective laser melting (SLM) and compares its behaviour with that of wrought stainless steel with similar chemical composition. The SLM stainless steel specimens are tested in the as‐produced condition without stress relief or recrystallization heat treatments. The electrochemical tests are carried out in two electrolytes: 3.5 wt% NaCl solution with neutral pH and with pH of 1.8. At the macroscale, the microstructure of the SLM specimens is determined by the laser scanning pattern and displays an overlapping network of melt pools. At the microscale, the SLM specimens exhibit a cellular/columnar dendritic structure with submicrometric cell size. Electrochemical measurements highlight a more extended passive range for SLM stainless steel in both neutral and acid electrolytes indicating higher protective properties of the oxide film on SLM specimens. In contrast to the wrought material, the refined microstructure of the SLM specimens promotes a very shallow morphology of attack without deep penetration in the bulk.