低阻油层判别技术在吉林油区的应用

介绍了孔隙度-电阻率识别法、束缚水饱和度-含水饱和度交绘图分析法、"无侵线法"三种油水层识别新技术在吉林油区的应用,并指出先进测井技术与常规测井技术的有效结合是提高低阻油层判别准确率的方法。     

基于岩石物理实验的苏北盆地油层低阻成因分析

由于苏北盆地高邮凹陷油层的低电阻率特征致使该区油水层识别难度较大,本文以实验为基础,对储层岩样进行x衍射分析、矿化度实验,压汞、岩心薄片分析,水膜厚度测试、润湿性测试,核磁共振实验等,采用分类对比的方法,找出苏北盆地高邮凹陷低阻油层在孔隙结构,润湿性,水膜厚度,粘土矿物,束缚水饱和度以及地层水矿化度等上的典型特征,从而得出导致苏北盆地高邮凹陷油层低电阻率的主要因素为以下三种:高粘土含量、较高矿化度地层水和高束缚水饱和度,为苏北盆地高邮凹陷低阻油层的识别与解释提供了理论基础。     

马寨油田低电阻率油层测井方法研究

马寨油田沙三中、下段地层中存在着低电阻率油气层，其计算含油饱和度低于50％，束缚水饱和度可达60％以上。马寨地区地层水矿化度高，使地层导电能力增强，电阻率降低，形成低含油饱和度、低电阻率油层。根据这一主要特点，以确定地层束缚水饱和度为主要目的，从确定粒度中值入手，利用自然伽马及中子、密度测井资料来评价这一地层参数。利用钻井取心分析化验结果和粒度中值，计算地层束缚水饱和度。采用油藏理论综合分析储层流体动态，利用束缚水饱和度与地层含水饱和度评价油气层，并建立了一整套计算方程和解释图版。     

鄂尔多斯盆地东仁沟地区长21油层低电阻率成因与测井识别

低电阻率油层表现为电阻率接近甚至低于邻近水层,使得油层在电性特征上难以与水层进行区分,给测井解释带来较大困难.鄂尔多斯盆地东仁沟地区三叠系长21油层孔隙结构复杂,孔隙度与渗透率的相关性较差,为中孔、中渗到低孔、低渗储集层.利用测井、试油、水性分析、扫描电镜、岩心分析等资料,对长21油层的低电阻率特征的成因进行研究.分析了束缚水含量、含水饱和度、地层水矿化度及黏土矿物阳离子附加导电性等4种因素对长21油层形成低电阻率油层的影响,其中高束缚水饱和度、高含水饱和度和高地层水矿化度是长21油层低电阻率特征形成的主要原因.利用重叠图和交会图技术对研究区内低电阻率油层进行了分步骤的识别,分析结果证明两种方法配合使用准确度较高,与油层的试油结果匹配度好.     

低阻油层成延长勘探新领域

鄂尔多斯盆地延长区延长组油层中高阻油层和低阻油层并存,低阻油层也可形成高产。仅依靠传统的油层识别和勘探方法将会低估或遗漏掉该类油层。对该区低阻油层成因的分析,作者认为。高束缚水饱和度是形成相对低电阻率油层的主控因素,高矿化度泥浆侵入和导电性矿物的存在也是低阻油层形成的主要因素。泥质附加导电性和高放射砂岩的存在对地层电阻率也有一定影响。     

低阻油层识别新方法及其应用

低阻油层是一类电性上比较特殊的油气层,在测井结果中不易与水层区分,它作为一类重要而特殊的油气层已经成为油田开发中后期增储上产的重要对象。因此,深入分析低阻油层成因,并采用有效的方法识别低阻油层具有重要意义。通过全面分析束缚水质量分数、岩性、孔隙结构、黏土矿物成分、地层水矿化度及特殊导电矿物等因素,认为砂岩细粒成分质量分数是M地区某油层低阻的主要影响因素,分析了砂岩细粒成分质量分数对储层、物性、孔隙发育、束缚水及黏土矿物质量分数的影响．提出了一种砂岩细粒成分质量分数与电阻率交会图结合支持向量机识别低阻油层的新方法。编制了砂岩细粒成分质量分数与电阻率交会图,由此确定了低阻油层的砂岩细粒成分质量分数和电阻率临界值。通过支持向量机方法对已知含油气状况的样本点进行了重新识别,并对M地区某低阻油层进行了判别。结果表明,该方法显著提高了低阻油层的识别能力．展示出良好的应用前景。     

八面河油田低阻油层测井评价及老井挖潜

八面河油田低电阻率油层的形成原因比较复杂,北区—广北区油层低阻的主要影响因素是高—极高地层水矿化度和低幅度油藏;南区油层低阻的主要影响因素为高泥质含量导致的高束缚水,其次是储层中存在的导电矿物等。通过分析八面河油田低阻油层的岩石特征和电性特征,建立了研究区低电阻率油层的测井解释模型和流体识别图版。运用该判剐标准复查老井385口,提出怀疑井26口,解释油层共计31层（49.2m）,试油井5口。其中,面14区沙四段6砂组测井解释符合率达到95%以上。     

“无侵线法”流体识别技术在低渗低电阻率油藏中的应用

松辽盆地英坨地区的油藏属于多断块、低幅度、低孔低渗的复杂油藏,用常规测井方法识别流体效果差.长短电极测井系列能够根据钻井液侵入特征来识别所侵入地层的流体性质,"无侵线法"流体识别技术根据反映侵入带和原状地层中渗透性和非渗透性地层的钻井液侵入差异的电性特征,作0.5m电位电阻率和深感应电阻率曲线的交会图版,致密层、纯泥岩层的侵入带电阻率与真电阻率相等,图版上它们所在的45°直线即为无侵线;无侵线右下侧为增阻侵入区,反映水层;左上侧为减阻侵入区,反映油层.可以据此识别油层和水层.应用该方法识别英坨地区58口井共205个试油层或试采层的流体性质,油层符合率在85%以上,应用效果明显.图3参11     

改进的PICKETT法在Y油田低阻油层识别中的应用

对Y油田低阻油层岩心资料(孔隙度,渗透率,颗粒密度,毛管压力曲线,电性参数,相对渗透率实验,薄片分析,X衍射,扫描电镜,粘土矿物)、录井、测井以及试油资料的分析结果表明,低阻油层的主要影响因素包括:①复杂的孔隙结构,尤其是微孔隙较发育,导致了高的束缚水饱和度;②粘土含量高,粘土矿物(高岭石,伊利石)吸附了大量的束缚水,导致了含水饱和度的增高;③粘土矿物的附加导电性(高Q_v值);④咸水钻井泥浆条件下泥浆滤液的侵入.PICKETT法可用于储层评价,主要是根据测井资料和岩心资料建立深探测电阻率与孔隙度的交会图.将改进的PICKETT法用于识别Y油田低阻油层,是在原方法的基础上,通过毛细管压力曲线将自由水界面之上的高度集成到PICKETT图中,取得了满意的效果.     

东濮凹陷低电阻率油层测井解释方法研究

在东濮凹陷发现了一大批电阻率相对较低的油气层 ,经试油证明可以获得较高的油气产量 ,但用常规测井解释方法容易得出错误的解释结论。在分析东濮凹陷油气层低电阻率成因的基础之上 ,提出了测井评价方法。分析研究认为 ,地层水的矿化度高与束缚水含量高是形成东濮凹陷低阻油气层的主要原因。提出了适合于低电阻率油层的含水饱和度计算模型 ,该模型具有简单实用的特点 ;由实验分析资料 ,得到了计算束缚水饱和度、油水相对渗透率的方法 ;提出了将孔隙度与油水相对渗透率相结合划分油水层的方法。通过 2 0口井试油结果证实 ,这种低阻油层测井解释方法 ,利用油水相对渗透率来识别油水层 ,不仅具有解释更简单、更客观的优点 ,而且能大大提高低阻油层识别的成功率。     

阿姆河右岸酸性气田井口冲蚀及对策

中亚土库曼斯坦阿姆河右岸气田群为高含H_2S和CO_2的碳酸盐岩气藏,单井产量高,井口设备均出现了不同程度的腐蚀。初步分析认为其原因是生产过程中仅考虑酸性介质对气井井口的化学腐蚀,而没有考虑气体流速对井口的冲蚀作用,极大地影响了气田的安全生产。为此,通过对节流阀上下游阀道、法兰面均出现明显坑状腐蚀的进一步分析,明确了化学腐蚀和气体冲蚀的交互作用是井口磨损的主要影响因素,气流冲刷腐蚀坑的化学腐蚀产物会加速冲蚀损害;进而借鉴冲蚀与腐蚀运行环境下的多相管流管道的磨损计算理论,计算了该运行环境下的冲蚀极限速度,得到了不同生产工况下节流阀的抗冲蚀流量;最后,根据气田生产情况,针对性地提出了按气井配产要求来选择采气树类型、节流阀通径及类型冲蚀的技术控制策略。此举为气田安全生产提供了工程技术保障。     

山前地区深井超深井套管防磨与减磨技术研究

针对山前地区深井超深井钻井过程中套管磨损严重的问题,在分析套管磨损机理的基础上,开展了山前地区套管防磨与减磨技术研究,基于技术研究成果及应用实践,得到如下结论:1应用Power V等垂直钻井系统控制井眼轨迹,特别是上部井段的狗腿度和井斜,可明显减小侧向力和磨损量,缩短套管磨损时间;2应综合考虑套管磨损率、磨损系数以及钻杆耐磨带本身的磨损量,优选出效果最优的耐磨带;在狗腿度严重的位置,可考虑采用一定数量的橡胶钻杆卡箍来减轻对套管的磨损;3山前地区钻井液采用CX-300减磨剂能够显著降低磨损速率,减轻套管磨损程度,但在不同钻井液体系使用之前应进行优化分析以确定最佳使用量;4在迪那204井使用高密度钻井液体系,全部采用优选的高密度重晶石粉代替铁矿粉作为加重剂,整个钻进过程中未出现钻具及套管磨损,迪那204井易损件消耗量仅为邻井迪那203井的左右,防磨减磨效果非常显著。     

Biodiesel Projects Helpful to Ease Energy Shortage

Nearly 7,000 hectares of biodiesel forest will take shape in the northern province of Hebei in 2008, part of a national campaign to fuel the fast growing economy in a green way. In no more than five years, the Pistacia chinensis Bunge, whose seeds have an oil content of up to 40 percent, will yield five tons of fruit and contribute about two tons of high-quality biological diesel oil, according to the provincial forestry administration.     

State Energy Base Proposed in Inner Mongolia

Experts recently suggested China set up a state energy base in lnner Mongolia Autonomous Region to ease its energy thirst. The survey was co-conducted by senior researchers from the National Development and Reform Commission, Development Research Center of the State Council, Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Ministry of Finance. To plan and establish strategic energy bases at state level is in line with the principle of ＂giving priority to energy saving and diversifying energy consumption with the utility of coal at the core.＂     

Influence of Shale Oil Boom in North America upon nternational Crude Price Flucturation

正Current stituation of shale oil development in the world The US The country is blessed with abundant shale oil resources and had matersed whole sets of theories and technologies needed for their exploration and development after years of practices.According to an assessment of shale oil resources in major countries and regions of the world issued by the U.S.Energy Information Agency(EIA),the US ranks the second in the world with its 6.8 billion tons of technically recoverable shale oil(shale oil in place is about 136.3 tons).About 8plays had been confirmed to have     

A Sintering-resistant Pd/C Composite Catalyst for Ethylbenzene DehydrogenationDeveloped by CAS Institute of Metals

Carbon deposition is a commonplace phenomenon occurringin the catalytic reaction process, in particular inthe system of direct dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene,because the reactant - ethylbenzene molecules on thesurface of metal oxide catalysts are prone to quickly formcarbon deposits, leading to deactivation of catalysts. Recently,the associate research fellow Mr. Liu Hongyangand the research fellow Mr. Su Dangsheng of the StateShenyang Material Science （United ） Laboratory of theInstitute of Metal Research, CAS by taking advantageof the carbon deposition process during direct dehydrogenationof ethylbenzene have ingeniously designeda Pd/C composite catalyst. This catalyst in comparisonwith the traditional commercial carbon nanotubesupported Pd catalyst shows a significantly improved performancein terms of its catalytic activity and sinteringresistantability.     

ZPEB Overseas Markets Keep Steady and Efficient Development

In recent years, Zhongyuan Petroleum Exploration Bureau （ZPEB） has made rapid development in overseas petroleum markets through its integrated reorganization. A new international business plattbrm established, aimed at becoming a highly ranked contractor with international petroleum engineering technology. ZPEB has expanded its business scope and scale, regulated the market structure,     

New Era for China-Brazil Relations

China and Brazil celebrated the 40th anniversary of establishing diplomatic relations between the two countries in July this year. Bilateral relations between China and Brazil have entered a new stage, and experts expect the already extensive cooperation between the two countries to deepen and broaden as Chinese President Xi Jinping made a state visit to Brazil in mid-July, which is his first state visit to Brazil since he assumed the office last year. The visit to China＇s largest trade partner in Latin America is at the invitation of Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff.     

Large Scale Ethylene Production Package Technology SuccessfullyDeveloped by CNPC

The CNPC Group has successfully developed a largescaleethylene production package technology with independentintellectual property rights, which has beensuccessfully applied in the 1.2 Mt/a ethylene revamp andexpansion project at the Daqing Petrochemical Complex（DPC）.     

Recent Advancements in Petroleum E & P Equipments in China

The role of equipments in oil and gas exploration and development had never been attached with so much importance as that in shale oil and gas boom in the U.S. With the help of massive hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling techniques, the U.S., the world＇s No. 1 oil importer even started to dream about energy self-sufficiency with its proudly high production of shale oil and gas from several major shale plays in the country. However, what behind this remarkable achievement are powerful multi-stage hydraulic fracturing machinery and smart tools for directional drilling.