柔性TiO2薄膜电极的制备方法及其对光电性能的影响

分别采用水热法和紫外处理低温烧结法制备了柔性TiO2薄膜电极。通过傅立叶变换红外吸收光谱仪（FTIR）、紫外可见光仪（UVSP）、场发射扫描电镜（FESEM）对两种方法制备的TiO2薄膜电极进行表征，同时，测试了不同电极组装柔性染料敏化太阳能电池的光电性能。结果表明：两种方法制备的电极均为一种多孔结构，不含有机物；紫外处理低温烧结法制备电极组装柔性电池的短路电流为4.9mA，其光电转换效率为1．28％。而水热法制备电极组装柔性电池的稳定性较好，虽然其短路电流为2．60mA，光电转换效率为1．32％。     

碘掺杂TiO_2薄膜电极制备和光电性能研究

以碘酸钾为碘源,钛酸丁酯为钛源,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备碘掺杂TiO2纳米粉体,采用旋涂法制成以ITO导电玻璃为基底的碘掺杂TiO2薄膜电极,并经300～600℃退火处理。采用XRD、XPS和紫外-可见吸收光谱等对样品微观结构、化学成分和光学特性进行表征,并对碘掺杂薄膜电极和纯TiO2薄膜电极的光电化学性能进行测定比较。结果显示少量碘掺入到TiO2,但经碘掺杂的TiO2紫外-可见光吸收限明显红移到可见光区（450～600nm之间）,碘掺杂TiO2薄膜电极经适当温度处理的光响应性比纯TiO2得到明显改善。     

TiO2纳晶薄膜电极的制备及表征

研究了TiO2纳晶多孔薄膜电极的制备及其表征,采用丝网印刷方法制备了加入造孔剂聚苯乙烯的TiO2纳晶多孔薄膜电极;同时利用SEM、TEM、N2吸附-脱附和XPS对TiO2薄膜电极的晶型、粒径、孔洞分布、元素组成和表面结合态进行了表征分析.     

大小颗粒混和的纳晶多孔TiO2薄膜电极的制备及其性能研究

把大小颗粒的纳晶TiO2进行混合,制备了纳晶多孔TiO2薄膜电极并应用于染料敏化太阳能电池中.研究表明,混合一定量的大颗粒纳晶,改善了纳晶多孔TiO2薄膜对染料的吸附量和薄膜电极对光的散射性能,提高了光电输出,在100mW/cm2光照条件下,染料敏化太阳能电池的光电转换效率达到5.66%.     

纳米Ag2S/TiO2异质复合薄膜的制备和光电性能

以异丙醇钛(C12H28O4Ti)为主要原料合成氧化钛(TiO2)前驱体溶胶,并结合230℃水热处理得到TiO2溶胶,利用电流体动力学(EHD)技术在掺氟氧化锡导电(FTO)玻璃基片上镀膜,450℃高温煅烧制备具有多级结构锐钛矿TiO2纳米薄膜.以硝酸银(AgNO3)及硫化钠(Na2S)分别为银源和硫源,采用化学浴沉积...     

磁控溅射制备TiO2薄膜的抗凝血性能

用射频磁控溅射法在生物玻璃基片上沉积TiO2薄膜.通过研究基片温度和热处理对薄膜表面抗凝血性能的影响,比较了基片沉积薄膜前后抗凝血性能的变化,结果发现,在基片温度为500℃制得的TiO2薄膜的抗凝血性能较好,而导致薄膜表面抗凝血性能变化的主要原因在于薄膜表面能、表面结构和形貌的变化.     

基于正交试验法TiO2纳米薄膜的制备及光电性能的研究

以商业TiO2纳米粉(P25)为原料,将其充分研磨得到胶体,用刮涂和热处理的方法在氟掺杂氧化锡导电玻璃基底上制备TiO2纳米多孔薄膜阳极,并组装成染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSC).对TiO2膜进行X射线衍射、扫描电镜表征分析,并对所制备的DSSC进行光电性能测试.采用正交实验设计优化制备TiO2胶体时乙酰丙酮、OP乳化剂、蒸馏水的量和研磨时间,并讨论其对DSSC性能的影响.用在最优参数下所得胶体制备的DSSC的光电转换效率最高,约为4.51％.     

ZnO/TiO2纳米管晶膜电极的制备及光电性能

采用水热法制备了ZnO纳米棒,以ZnO纳米棒为原料制备出ZnO/TiO2纳米管晶膜电极并应用于染料敏化太阳能电池.用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线能谱仪(EDX)和N2吸脱附分析等研究了样品的结构、表面形貌和化学组成,并通过紫外可见光度计和电化学工作站探讨了煅烧温度在80~600℃范围内ZnO/TiO2纳米管电极的光电化学性能.此外,研究经TiCl4化学处理的ZnO/TiO2纳米管电极光电性能的改善情况.结果表明,600℃煅烧的ZnO/TiO2纳米管电极制备的染料敏化太阳能电池表现出较优的光电性能,其短路电流密度(Jsc)为2.28 mA/cm2,开路电压(Voc)为0.631 V,光电转换效率η为0.66%.600℃煅烧的ZnO/TiO2纳米管经TiCl4处理后的染料敏化太阳能电池的光电性能得到显著改善,其光电转换效率η提高到1.06%.     

CdSe纳晶薄膜电极的制备及其光电性能研究

利用化学溶液沉积法制备了CdSe纳晶薄膜,并用透射电子显微镜和扫描电子显微镜的EDS对其形貌和化学组成进行了表征.对CdSe纳晶薄膜电极的吸收光谱和光电性能进行了测试,结果表明,CdSe纳晶薄膜可以获得较好的光电流,这种薄膜电极改进后,可用于制作敏化太阳能电池的光阳极.     

纳米TiO2薄膜微阵列电极的制备与紫外光电阻特性表征

采用溶胶凝胶法在叉指型微阵列电极表面制备了TiO2纳米薄膜，并对薄膜形貌、厚度以及溶胶粒子尺寸进行了表征，研究了温度、紫外光照对纳米TiO2薄膜微阵列电极的电阻的影响。结果表明，溶胶粒子平均粒径在9nm，单次提拉制备的TiO2纳米薄膜膜厚为120nm，两次提拉薄膜厚度200nm，纳米TiO2薄膜微阵列电极电阻呈现半导体特性，大气环境中，紫外光照下纳米薄膜微电极的低温电阻较无光照时明显减小，表现出紫外光敏感特性。随着温度的升高，紫外光照下的电阻与无光照时电阻差值逐步减小，表明温度对纳米薄膜电阻有更大的影响。     

Comparison of the properties of ion-plated titanium carbide films prepared by different activation methods

A comparative study was made of titanium carbide films ion plated onto molybdenum by d.c. and r.f. discharge methods, from the point of view of the characteristics of the discharge and the quality of deposits made by each technique. A very high specimen current was achieved in the d.c. discharge method. Stoichiometric TiC deposits were easily obtained in a wide range of the pressure ratio of C₂H₂ gas to titanium vapour. In contrast, careful optimization of the deposition conditions was needed in the r.f. discharge method for controlling the stoichiometry of the deposits. Titanium carbide coatings deposited onto molybdenum by the d.c. discharge method showed excellent thermal stability compared with those prepared by the r.f. discharge method. These results indicate the strong influence of the ionization efficiency on the properties of ion-plated titanium carbide deposits.     

Photocatalytic TiO2 films deposited by different methods

Photocatalytic TiO₂ layers are deposited with different methods available within the Fraunhofer Photocatalysis Alliance. These are: Magnetron sputtering, evaporation, sol‐gel, laquer coating, and CVD. The photocatalytic activity under UV illumination is determined by decomposition of stearic acid. The optical properties of the films are compared and discussed.     

Facile preparation and photoelectrochemical properties of CdSe/TiO2 NTAs

In the present work we report the design and synthesis of CdSe/TiO₂ nanotube arrays (NTAs) and their implementation as a photoanode for photoelectrochemical (PEC) application. CdSe nanoparticles with well dispersion were decorated on the inner and outer surfaces of 2.5 μm-long TiO₂ nanotubes via electrodeposition. These CdSe/TiO₂ NTAs exhibit a significant photocurrent responds under visible light illumination (λ ≥ 420 nm). The results presented in this study display a promising method that the photoelectrochemical performance could be improved via composition, size and crystalline control of CdSe/TiO₂ NTAs. And the tubular morphology is also able to facilitate charge transport in nanostructure-based PEC cells. This research demonstrates a new approach, which have great potential applications in fabricating novel heterostructure-photoelectrochemical devices.     

Nanostructured carbon-doping anodic TiO2 from TiC and its photoelectrochemical properties

In this paper, nanostructured carbon-doped titanium dioxide (TiO(2-x)Cx) has been fabricated from titanium carbide (TiC) thin film using electrochemical anodization in a solution containing fluorine ion. The resulting samples were characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and photoelectrochemistry. The SEM images and EDX analysis indicated that a nanostructured thin film of carbon-doped titanium dioxide had been formed. The XRD pattern showed the structural change from TiC to anatase type TiO2 after annealing. A series of photoelectrochemical measurement showed an increase in photovoltage and in photocurrent for the electrode of anodized TiC sample. The results demonstrated the feasibility to process carbon doped nanostructured TiO2 through anodization promising for applications in high efficient photoelectrochemical conversion.     

Photoelectric properties of TiO2-ZrO2 thin films prepared by sol-gel method

Acidic sols of TiO2, ZrO2 and Ti-Zr mixed oxide precursors were prepared. The sols were then smeared on quartz substrate and annealed at 650 degrees C for 2 hour to form polycrystalline oxide films. XRD, SEM, UV-visible absorption spectra and XPS were carried out to characterize the films. It was found that the crystalline phase of pure titania is an anatase and pure zirconia is a tetragonal. The binary oxides show the anatase phase at the molar ratio of Ti:Zr = 2.73:1, which means that solid solution was formed. The absorption edge of the TiO2-ZrO2 binary oxides showed obvious blue shift as the Zr ratio increased. The results obtained indicate that the band gap of the binary oxides could be adjusted from 3.2 eV (TiO2) to 7.8 eV (ZrO2) by varying the molar ratio of Ti and Zr. Au interdigitated electrodes were produced by planar technology and MSM (metal-semiconductor-metal) structure UV detector based on TiO2-ZrO2 binary oxides was fabricated. Obvious photoelectric response was observed.     

Chemically deposited TiO2/CdS bilayer system for photoelectrochemical properties

In the present investigation, TiO₂, CdS and TiO₂/CdS bilayer system have been deposited on the fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) coated glass substrate by chemical methods. Nanograined TiO₂ was deposited on FTO coated glass substrates by successive ionic layers adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method. Chemical bath deposition (CBD) method was employed to deposit CdS thin film on pre-deposited TiO₂ film. A further study has been made for structural, surface morphological, optical and photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties of FTO/TiO₂, FTO/CdS and FTO/TiO₂/CdS bilayers system. PEC behaviour of FTO/TiO₂/CdS bilayers was studied and compared with FTO/CdS single system. FTO/TiO₂/CdS bilayers system showed improved performance of PEC properties over individual FTO/CdS thin films.     

Enhanced photoelectrochemical properties of TiO2 nanorod arrays decorated with CdS nanoparticles

TiO₂ nanorod arrays (TiO₂ NRAs) sensitized with CdS nanoparticles were fabricated via successive ion layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR), and TiO₂ NRAs were obtained by oxidizing Ti NRAs obtained through oblique angle deposition. The TiO₂ NRAs decorated with CdS nanoparticles exhibited excellent photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic properties under visible light, and the one decorated with 20 SILAR cycles CdS nanoparticles shows the best performance. This can be attributed to the enhanced separation of electrons and holes by forming heterojunctions of CdS nanoparticles and TiO₂ NRAs. This provides a promising way to fabricate the material for solar energy conversion and wastewater degradation.     

Low-temperature selective catalytic reduction of NO on MnO(x)/TiO(2) prepared by different methods

Catalysts based on MnO(x)/TiO(2) were prepared by sol-gel, impregnation, and coprecipitation methods for low-temperature selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with NH(3). Among the catalysts, the sample prepared by sol-gel method had the best performance on both activity and SO(2) resistance. From the results of thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS), it was known that manganese oxides and titania existed in different phase in the samples prepared by three methods. Strong interaction, large surface area, high concentration of hydroxyl groups, high concentration of amorphous Mn on the surface might be the main reasons for the excellent performance of the catalysts.     

Morphological,optical, structural and photoelectrochemical properties of TiO2 nanoflower prepared via PVP surfactant assisted liquid phase deposition technique

This paper reports the synthesis of TiO₂ nanoflowers as photovoltaic materials of the photoelectrochemical cell (PEC) via the phase liquid deposition technique assisted with a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) surfactant. This work investigates the influence of the surfactant concentration on the morphological, optical, phase structure and PEC properties of the TiO₂ PEC cell. The grain size of the TiO₂ sample decreases with increase in PVP concentration. The smallest grain size of 16 ± 2 nm is obtained at 8 mM PVP. The thickness of the sample increases with PVP concentration. The concentration of PVP does not influence the optical absorption and band gap of the sample. The phase structure and crystallinity degree of the sample are not influenced by PVP concentration. The crystallite size is around 20 nm. The short-circuit current density, J_sc, of the PEC cell utilising these TiO₂ samples increases with decrease in grain size which is due to the increase in PVP concentration. The best J_sc was 0.068 mA cm^?2 obtained at 8 mM PVP.