How do breath and skin emissions impact indoor air chemistry?

People are an important source of pollution indoors, through activities such as cleaning, and also from “natural” emissions from breath and skin. This paper investigates natural emissions in high‐occupancy environments. Model simulations are performed for a school classroom during a typical summer in a polluted urban area. The results show that classroom occupants have a significant impact on indoor ozone, which increases from ~9 to ~20 ppb when the pupils leave for lunch and decreases to ~14 ppb when they return. The concentrations of 4‐OPA, formic acid, and acetic acid formed as oxidation products following skin emissions attained maximum concentrations of 0.8, 0.5, and 0.1 ppb, respectively, when pupils were present, increasing from near‐zero concentrations in their absence. For acetone, methanol, and ethanol from breath emissions, maximum concentrations were ~22.3, 6.6, and 21.5 ppb, respectively, compared to 7.4, 2.1, and 16.9 ppb in their absence. A rate of production analysis showed that occupancy reduced oxidant concentrations, while enhancing formation of nitrated organic compounds, owing to the chemistry that follows from increased aldehyde production. Occupancy also changes the peroxy radical composition, with those formed through isoprene oxidation becoming relatively more important, which also has consequences for subsequent oxidant concentrations.     

室内空气中潜在的化学反应与空气品质

探讨了室内污染物发生潜在反应的环境条件 ,分析了臭氧与室内无机物和有机物可能发生的化学反应和光化学反应 ,讨论了这些潜在的反应对室内空气品质的影响 ,提出了改善室内空气品质的途径     

常用电器对室内空气品质的影响

针对常用电器对室内空气品质的危害,分析了常用电器对室内空气品质的影响,提出了改善常用电器对室内空气品质影响的措施,有助于增加人们对常用电器与室内空气品质关系的认识,以帮助人们更好地保护室内空气品质。     

Indoor gaseous air pollutants determinants in office buildings—The OFFICAIR project

The aim of this study was to identify determinants of aldehyde and volatile organic compound (VOC) indoor air concentrations in a sample of more than 140 office rooms, in the framework of the European OFFICAIR research project. A large field campaign was performed, which included (a) the air sampling of aldehydes and VOCs in 37 newly built or recently retrofitted office buildings across 8 European countries in summer and winter and (b) the collection of information on building and offices’ characteristics using checklists. Linear mixed models for repeated measurements were applied to identify the main factors affecting the measured concentrations of selected indoor air pollutants (IAPs). Several associations between aldehydes and VOCs concentrations and buildings’ structural characteristic or occupants’ activity patterns were identified. The aldehyde and VOC determinants in office buildings include building and furnishing materials, indoor climate characteristics (room temperature and relative humidity), the use of consumer products (eg, cleaning and personal care products, office equipment), as well as the presence of outdoor sources in the proximity of the buildings (ie, vehicular traffic). Results also showed that determinants of indoor air concentrations varied considerably among different type of pollutants.     

基于光催化技术的新型空气过滤器

探讨在空调系统中应用基于纳米光催化技术制造新型空气过滤器的有关问题。     

建材VOC吸附特性的研究进展

阐述了研究室内空气质量(IAQ)的重要性及建材吸附挥发性有机化合物(VOC)对IAQ的影响,介绍了建材VOC吸附特性的研究现状,指出了目前存在的研究局限,提出了努力的方向及研究目标.     

挥发性有机化合物对室内空气品质影响研究进展

系统回顾了近年来一些国家对室内空气环境中挥发性有机化合物（VOC）研究的各个方面,包括VOC研究在室内空气品质研究中的地位,建筑物内VOC对人体健康的影响,VOC研究的实验方法、理论方法及主要研究结论,各国政府、学术团体采取的行动等。得出结论：与建筑科学、环境科学及人体健康相关的工作人员,如居住者、建筑业主、建筑科学家、环境科学家、心理学家和生理学家、建筑师与暖通空调设计人员、建筑和装饰材料生产商、供应商,都应重视VOC问题。     

新装修办公楼室内挥发性有机物的测试研究

为研究办公楼装修后室内挥发性有机物的释放特性,利用活性炭吸附采样与气相色谱分析相结合的方法,跟踪监测了天津市某办公楼四个典型房间的室内污染物浓度。得出了装修后室内污染物浓度的变化规律,即污染物浓度随时间推移而降低,其间可能会由于房间温度、相对湿度和气流组织的变化而出现短暂的起伏。     

影响室内空气品质的VOC特性及其定量评估

介绍了用于挥发性有机化合物评估的空气耗氧量（COD）指标,阐述了COD与室内空气品质其他指挥的显著相关性,指出空气耗氧量是综合性很强的空气污染指标。指出了改善室内空气品质的技术和措施。     

基于湿建材VOCs散发测试的室内空气质量标准探讨

为研究我国与国外相关室内空气标准中所控制VOCs指标的合理性,本文选取了5类常见的湿建材(内墙涂料、木器漆、防水涂料、胶粘剂、环氧地坪)共15种样品作为测试对象,在小型环境测试舱内测量样品的甲醛和TVOC散发率,并进行定性、定量分析。实验结果表明,湿建材的甲醛散发率比较低,内墙涂料、木器漆、万能胶、环氧地坪的TVOC散发率较高。进一步的分析显示,内墙涂料所散发的VOCs中不包含受控的挥发性有机污染物,而在其它湿建材测试中,甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯等高风险物质均被不同程度地检出,这表明TVOC散发率与湿建材的健康风险没有直接联系,我国相关室内空气质量标准中使用的TVOC限值有一定的局限性。