经桡动脉冠状动脉造影术后当日出院的有效性与安全性评价

目的 评价经桡动脉冠状动脉造影术后当日出院的可行性与安全性.方法 选择2011年1月～2012年1月在首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院心内科及武警北京总队医院心内科经桡动脉冠状动脉造影术后当日出院的患者200例作为试验组,另选取同期住院接受冠状动脉造影检查非当日出院的患者200例作为对照组.主要观察指标包括:造影成功率、不同直径造影导管使用率、术中不良事件(包括死亡,恶性心律失常,急性心肌梗死,冠状动脉痉挛、夹层、穿孔和闭塞)及术后不良事件(包括死亡,急性心肌梗死,穿刺侧上肢血肿、假性动脉瘤、骨筋膜室综合征和桡动脉闭塞)等.结果 两组患者冠状动脉造影的成功率均为100％.与对照组相比,试验组造影时间[(7.20±4.10)min vs (7.80±3.68)min,P=0.326)]及X线透视时间[(4.00±1.95)min vs(4.10±1.01)min,P=0.465)]没有显著差异.桡动脉痉挛和冠状动脉痉挛是造影术中常见的并发症,血肿是术后常见的并发症,发生率在试验组与对照组无显著差异,无其他不良事件.试验组总医疗费用(4 876±520)元较对照组(5 983±808)元显著降低,节省的费用主要包括造影前后的检查费用、药物治疗费、床位费、护理费及其他费用.结论 在病情相对平稳的患者中经桡动脉冠状动脉造影术后当日出院是安全、可行的,同时能够节省医疗费用,缩短住院时间.     

5F共用型造影导管在经肱动脉冠状动脉造影术中的应用

目的探讨5F共用型造影导管经肱动脉穿刺行冠状动脉造影的安全性及成功率。方法选择经肱动脉径路行冠状动脉造影患者486例,分为Judkins型组即A组(n=201)和共用型组即B组(n=285)。对比两组造影成功率、X线透视时间和手术操作时间以及并发症等。结果①A组186例(93.8%)造影成功,B组282例(97.8%)造影成功,两组比较差异有显著性(!2=13.58,P<0.01);A组的冠状动脉造影平均X线透视时间和手术操作时间分别为(7.9±5.1)min和(31.8士20.2)min;B组分别为(5.3±3.5)和(23.9±11.4)min,差异有显著性(u=6.3和u=5.5,P<0.05)。结论使用较小直径造影导管即5F共用型导管经肱动脉径路施行诊断性冠状动脉造影,成功率高于Judkins型导管,且X线透视时间和手术操作时间均较短。     

经桡动脉应用一根指引导管完成直接经皮冠脉介入治疗的研究

目的 探讨在经桡动脉直接经皮冠脉介入治疗术中,应用一根指引导管(IL3.5)的安全性和可行性.方法 选取2017年1月至2019年5月本院收治的急性心肌梗死行直接冠脉介入治疗的患者592例,根据治疗方式不同分为A组(n=314)和B组(n=278).A组经桡动脉应用Tiger造影导管完成直接冠脉造影后行冠脉介入治疗,B组经桡动脉应用IL3.5完成直接冠脉介入治疗.比较两组患者桡动脉痉挛情况、更换导管情况、首次医疗接触至球囊扩张时间(FMC-to-B)、就诊至球囊扩张时间(D2B)、进入导管室至球囊扩张时间(C2B)、总操作时间.结果 B组患者桡动脉痉挛发生率低于A组(P<0.05).B组使用总导管数少于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).B组D2B、C2B、鞘管置入时间、透视时间和总操作时间均短于A组(P<0.05).结论 经桡动脉应用IL直接冠脉介入治疗效果显著,可明显减少D2B、C2B、透视时间和手术操作时间,值得临床推广运用.     

经皮桡动脉入路直接冠状动脉介入治疗急性心肌梗死

目的:探讨经皮桡动脉入路介入治疗在急性心肌梗死中的应用.方法:急性心肌梗死患者107例,其中56例行直接经皮桡动脉入路冠状动脉介入(PCI)治疗(A组),51例行直接经皮股动脉入路PCI(B组),比较两组的穿刺成功率、PCI成功率、血管开通时间、手术总时间、穿刺点并发症.结果:A、B两组穿刺成功率均为100%,PCI成功率均大于96%,鞘管置入时间[(2.93±0.42) vs (3.07±0.54) min, P=0.14]、血管再通时间[(17.23±3.47) vs (16.81±4.86) min, P=0.61]、手术总时间[(47.04±7.53) vs (48.74±6.22) min, P=0.21]等差异均无统计学意义.B组穿刺点局部出血、血肿发生率(5/51, P=0.016 4)及拔管迷走反射(4/51, P=0.032 7)均明显高于A组(0/56).结论:经皮桡动脉入路介入治疗行急诊PCI是安全可行的,而且能减少穿刺点并发症.     

双超滑导丝在冠脉介入治疗并发桡动脉痉挛时的应用价值

目的探讨经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)并发桡动脉严重痉挛时,应用双超滑导丝辅助通过技术(DGWAT)通过痉挛段血管的安全性和可行性。方法分析2016年1月至2019年11月我院经桡动脉路径PCI伴有严重桡动脉痉挛的患者50例。按照随机数字表法抽取一种处理策略,抽中采用双超滑导丝辅助通过技术的26例患者为DGWAT组,抽中采用球囊辅助通过技术(BAT)的24例患者为BAT组。观察两种技术指引导管通过桡动脉痉挛段的时间、成功率,以及并发症的发生率等指标,比较两种技术的优劣。结果 DGWAT组较BAT组指引导管通过时间明显缩短[(2. 51±1. 10) min vs.(4. 18±1. 38) min,P <0. 0001],差异有统计学意义,提示DGWAT组效率更高。DGWAT组指引导管通过率稍高于BAT组[26例(100%) vs. 22例(91. 6%),P=0. 133],差异无统计学意义。DGWAT组较BAT组前臂血肿发生率稍低[1例(3. 85%) vs. 2例(8. 33%),P=0. 504],差异无统计学意义。结论经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)并发桡动脉严重痉挛时,应用DGWAT技术可快速、安全有效地使指引导管跨越桡动脉痉挛段,较BAT技术效率更高。     

4F与5F造影导管经桡动脉径路行冠脉造影对比分析

目的研究使用4F造影导管经桡动脉径路诊断性冠状动脉造影的特点及与5F共用型造影导管的区别。方法选择经桡动脉径路冠状动脉造影患者354例,按其造影开始时选用的共用型造影导管不同分为4F导管组(n=143)和5F导管组(n=211)。对比观察两组患者造影成功率、X线透视时间、手术操作时间及痉挛和闭塞的发生率。结果两组患者造影成功率间差别无显著性意义(P>0.05)。两组患者冠状动脉平均X线透视时间及手术操作时间间差别均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。两组患者导管打折率及痉挛发生率间差别均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。两组均未出现血管闭塞或神经损伤等并发症。结论使用4F造影导管经桡动脉径路诊断性冠状动脉造影与常用的5F造影导管相比造影成功率无明显差异;采用4F造影导管经桡动脉径路诊断性冠状动脉造影的X线透视时间和手术操作时间明显延长,且导管打折率增加,但痉挛发生率降低。     

经左、右桡动脉同时行冠状动脉、肾动脉和下肢动脉造影的可行性探讨

目的 探讨经左、右桡动脉途径同时行选择性冠状动脉、肾动脉和下肢动脉造影的可行性.方法 59 例在我院进行选择性冠状动脉、肾动脉和下肢动脉造影的患者,按照介入径路不同分为左桡动脉组(28 例)和右桡动脉组(31 例),应用加长Judkins造影导管(125cm)依次行选择性冠状动脉造影、双侧肾动脉和下肢动脉造影,比较手术操作时间、对比剂用量、X 线暴露时间、成功率、并发症发生率.结果 左桡动脉组手术操作时间和X 线暴露时间(30.48±5.71)min、(11.05±2.86)min,显著低于右桡动脉组(40.72±8.30)min、(13.51±4.33)min(均P＜0.05),对比剂用量、造影成功率和并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).结论 经左桡动脉途径同时行选择性冠状动脉、肾动脉和下肢动脉造影效率高,安全可行,临床上对于需同时行选择性冠状动脉、肾动脉和下肢动脉造影的患者,可作为首选介入径路.     

经左侧桡动脉行冠状动脉造影检查与介入治疗效果研究

目的探讨经左侧桡动脉行冠状动脉造影检查与介入治疗的效果。方法选择2013年1月至2014年12月我院收诊的100例经桡动脉行冠状动脉造影检查与介入治疗患者作为研究对象,将其随机分为观察组(n=48)和对照组(n=52),对照组患者经右侧桡动脉行冠状动脉造影检查与介入治疗,观察组患者经左侧桡动脉行冠状动脉造影检查与介入治疗,比较两组患者的治疗效果。结果两组患者的治疗情况比较,观察组手术情况高于对照组,但观察组与对照组手术时间、穿刺成功率、造影成功率、并发症发生率比较无明显差异(P0.05)。结论经左侧桡动脉行冠状动脉造影检查更为便捷,操作时间较短,与经右侧桡动脉行冠状动脉造影检查有着一样的安全性和可靠性,但在经左侧桡动脉行冠状动脉造影介入治疗的过程中,一定要根据患者的病变情况和血管情况进行治疗。     

不同途径介入治疗急性心肌梗死的对照研究

目的:比较不同途径急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)对ST段抬高的急性心肌梗死的安全性和有效性.方法:收集254例发病≤12 h 的ST段抬高的急性心肌梗死患者的临床资料,比较经桡动脉急诊PCI(TRA组,n=182)与经股动脉急诊PCI(TFA组,n=72)患者的手术操作、住院情况以及随访期主要不良心脏事件(MACE)发生率.结果:两组穿刺成功率、穿刺至首次球囊扩张时间、手术成功率、住院和随访期间MACE发生率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).TRA组手术时间短[(36.1±16.3)min vs (40.5±15.1)min,P=0.049),依从性高(81.9% vs 26.4%,P＜0.005),血管并发症明显减少(5.5% vs 34.7%,P＜0.005),住院时间缩短[(9.2±3.0)d vs (10.8±4.2)d,P=0.003].结论:在强化抗栓条件下,相对于股动脉途径,急诊经桡动脉PCI有相似的有效性及安全性,且并发症和住院日更少.     

血栓抽吸对直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗预后的影响

目的 观察血栓抽吸在经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者中应用的即刻及住院期间疗效. 方法 选择2007年12月至2008年11月因AMI住院行直接PCI术并于术中应用了血栓抽吸导管的患者共202例为抽吸组,而直接PCI术中未应用抽吸导管的148例患者作为对照组,比较两组术中术后并发症及住院期间临床事件的发生率. 结果 两组在年龄、性别、易患因素、病变部位及入院时的左室射血分数、IRA的分布、病变血管支数、手术操作时间等基线资料方面差异均无统计学意义,具有可比性.而抽吸组在就诊距血管再通时间[(79±12)min vs(83±15)min,P=0.007]、PCI术后无复流/慢血流(3.5%vs 8.8%,P=0.038)、急性、亚急性支架内血栓(0.5%v8 4.7%,P=0.011)、住院期间心衰(11.4%v8 19.6%,P=0.035)、再次AMI(1.0%vs6.1%,P=0.010)、病死率(3.5%v8 8.8%,P=0.038)、住院时间[(6.9±1.5)d vs(7.3±1.8)d,P=0.028]、心肌酶达峰时间[(12.8±2.2)h vs(13.3±1.9)h,P=0.023]较对照组显著减少,TnI峰值[(44.7±31.2)μg/L vs(51.9±33.6)μg/L,P=0.041]及CK-MB峰值[(152.0±73.6)U/Lvs(171.0±71.2)U/L,P=0.015]明显低于对照组,直接支架置入率(44.1%vs 24.3%,P=0.002)及术后达TIMI3级血流(90.1%vs 81.8%,P=0.027)、即刻心电图的ST段回落率(67.8%vs53.4%,P=0.008)则显著高于对照组,两组之间差异有统计学意义. 结论 直接PCI过程中应用血栓抽吸可减少PCI术中术后并发症,缩短住院期间及改善预后.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.