共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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甜瓜基因组学研究进展 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
甜瓜是一种世界性的园艺作物.随着现代生物技术的迅速发展,甜瓜基因组学研究越来越深入,国际葫芦科基因组计划也已经筹备完成即将启动.目前已构建有14张甜瓜遗传图谱,多个重要性状的分子标记及数量性状位点已找到并定位在图中,并开始在葫芦科作物之间进行比较基因组图谱方面的研究.已克隆出枯萎病抗性基因Fom-2,其它农艺性状基因的克隆工作也在陆续开展.本文在甜瓜遗传连锁图谱的构建、重要性状分子标记及OTL定位、比较基因组学及基因克隆等方面分别对其研究进展进行了探讨,以期为我国的甜瓜基因组学研究提供有益的参考. 相似文献
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利用比较基因组的方法获得犬elongation of very long chain fatty acids (FEN1/Elo2, SUR4/Elo3, yeast)-like 2基因(Elovl2)序列,为后续研究奠定基础。根据人ELOVL2和小鼠的Elovl2基因序列设计PCR引物,对比格犬和本地犬的DNA进行PCR扩增,回收纯化扩增片段,克隆、测序。对本地犬和比格犬的三次克隆测序分别得到长为672bp、671bp和675bp的基因片段,三个基因片段有11个碱基差异。测序结果表明,犬的Elovl2基因 相似文献
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新模式植物短柄草模式特性研究进展 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
短柄草(Brachypodium distachyon)是一种广泛分布于温带地区的禾本科植物, 基因组小、染色体少、DNA重复序列少、植株较矮、生育期短、种子数量多, 与小麦族植物一样具有二倍体、四倍体和六倍体, 且不需要严格的生长条件和栽培措施, 是小麦等早熟禾谷类理想的模式植物。近几年来, 国际上对短柄草开展了较多研究, 而国内对短柄草的研究尚属空白。本文综述了短柄草细胞遗传学、分子生物学、基因组学、组织培养和遗传转化等方面的研究进展, 对今后的研究和应用趋势进行了简要展望, 以促进国内对短柄草模式特性, 以及小麦等植物结构基因组学和功能基因组学的研究。 相似文献
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利用比较基因组的方法获得犬elongation of very long chain fatty acids(FEN1/Elo2,SUR4/Elo3,yeast)-like 2基因(Elovl2)序列,为后续研究奠定基础.根据人ELOVL2和小鼠的Elovl2基因序列设计PCR引物,对比格犬和本地犬的DNA进行PCR扩增,回收纯化扩增片段,克隆、测序.对本地犬和比格犬的三次克隆测序分别得到长为672bp、671bp和675bp的基因片段,三个基因片段有11个碱基差异.测序结果表明,犬的Elovl2基因与人的ELOVL2基因和小鼠的Elovl2基因无显著相似性.扩增得到的基因片段还需进一步分析. 相似文献
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小麦抗白粉病基因pm42的EST连锁图谱构建和比较基因组学分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的基因精细遗传连锁图谱的构建是图位克隆的基础,小麦功能基因精细遗传连锁图谱的构建依赖于比较基因组学分析。水稻和短柄草(Brachypodium distachyon)基因组序列是小麦比较基因组学分析和功能基因精细遗传定位的重要工具。本研究利用小麦、短柄草和水稻的基因组共线性关系对小麦抗白粉病基因pm42进行比较基因组学分析,明确了pm42基因所在2BS基因组区域与短柄草第1染色体和水稻第3染色体直系同源基因组区域的对应关系,开发出与抗白粉病基因pm42连锁的EST-SSCP (expressed sequence tag-single strand conformation polymorphism)标记CD452782和BF201235,EST-STS (expressed sequence tag-sequence tagged site)标记CJ674042、EB513371和CV771633,构建了pm42基因EST标记遗传连锁图谱,CJ674042、BF201235、CD452782和CV771633位于pm42近端粒侧,距离pm42的遗传距离分别为1.9、12.0、19.7和25.7 cM;EB513371位于pm42近着丝粒侧,与pm42的遗传距离为14.6 cM。整合原有的作图数据,构建了pm42基因的高密度比较基因组学遗传连锁图谱,pm42被定位于3.3 cM的区间,该区间对应于短柄草66 kb的基因组区域及水稻69 kb的基因组区域。该结果为抗白粉病基因pm42高密度精细遗传连锁图谱构建、分子辅助选择和基因聚合奠定了基础。 相似文献
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Sami Doğanlar Amy Frary Marie-Christine Daunay Koen Huvenaars Rolf Mank Anne Frary 《Euphytica》2014,198(2):231-241
A linkage map of eggplant was constructed for an interspecific F2 population derived from a cross between Solanum linnaeanum MM195 and S. melongena MM738. The map contains 400 AFLP® (amplified fragment length polymorphism), 348 RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) and 116 COSII (conserved ortholog set) markers. The 864 mapped markers encompass 12 linkage groups, span 1,518 cM and are spaced at an average interval of 1.8 cM. Use of orthologous markers allowed confirmation of the established syntenic relationships between eggplant and tomato chromosomes and helped delineate the nature of the 33 chromosomal rearrangements and 11 transpositions distinguishing the two species. This genetic map provides a 2- to 3-fold improvement in marker density compared to previously published interspecific maps. Because the interspecific mapping population is rich in morphological variation, this greater genome saturation will be useful for QTL (quantitative trait locus) analyses. The recent release of the tomato genome sequence will provide additional opportunities for exploiting this map for comparative genomics and crop improvement. 相似文献
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基于文献计量的水稻基因组学研究趋势以及热点分析 总被引:2,自引:3,他引:2
为了探究国际水稻基因组学研究的发展现状和趋势,以及目前的研究热点,给相关科研人员和决策者提供一定的数据参考。基于Web of Science 数据库,利用文献计量学统计分析方法,对发文量排名前10 位的国家、研究机构、作者、载文期刊、学科以及高被引文献进行统计分析;利用文献题录信息统计分析工具SATI 对高频关键词及核心作者构建可视化知识图谱。结果显示,共检索了68 个国家于1995—2014 年间发表的文献1537 篇,文献数量呈现稳定增长趋势,尤其以中国发文量增长最为明显。发文量排名前5 位的国家分别是美国、中国、日本、印度、法国;其中美国、中国、日本的文献总被引频次也位居全球前三甲。中国科学院、日本国家农业生物科学研究所、加利福尼亚大学戴维斯分校、康奈尔大学、华中农业大学是全球范围内该领域发文量大且文献被引频次较高的研究机构。核心作者统计结果显示,美国、日本、中国的高产活跃作者最多。高被引文献美国有8 篇,中国1 篇。综合结果表明,美国、以及亚洲的中国、日本在水稻基因组学研究领域处于优势地位;研究热点是功能基因组学、比较基因组学。 相似文献
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Yuichi Katayose Hiroyuki Kanamori Michihiko Shimomura Hajime Ohyanagi Hiroshi Ikawa Hiroshi Minami Michie Shibata Tomoko Ito Kanako Kurita Kazue Ito Yasutaka Tsubokura Akito Kaga Jianzhong Wu Takashi Matsumoto Kyuya Harada Takuji Sasaki 《Breeding Science》2012,61(5):661-664
Soybean [Glycine max (L) Merrill] is one of the most important leguminous crops and ranks fourth after to rice, wheat and maize in terms of world crop production. Soybean contains abundant protein and oil, which makes it a major source of nutritious food, livestock feed and industrial products. In Japan, soybean is also an important source of traditional staples such as tofu, natto, miso and soy sauce. The soybean genome was determined in 2010. With its enormous size, physical mapping and genome sequencing are the most effective approaches towards understanding the structure and function of the soybean genome. We constructed bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries from the Japanese soybean cultivar, Enrei. The end-sequences of approximately 100,000 BAC clones were analyzed and used for construction of a BAC-based physical map of the genome. BLAST analysis between Enrei BAC-end sequences and the Williams82 genome was carried out to increase the saturation of the map. This physical map will be used to characterize the genome structure of Japanese soybean cultivars, to develop methods for the isolation of agronomically important genes and to facilitate comparative soybean genome research. The current status of physical mapping of the soybean genome and construction of database are presented. 相似文献
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Keita Suwabe Go Suzuki Tsukasa Nunome Katsunori Hatakeyama Yasuhiko Mukai Hiroyuki Fukuoka Satoru Matsumoto 《Breeding Science》2012,62(2):170-177
Genome evolution is a continuous process and genomic rearrangement occurs both within and between species. With the sequencing of the Arabidopsis thaliana genome, comparative genetics and genomics offer new insights into plant biology. The genus Brassica offers excellent opportunities with which to compare genomic synteny so as to reveal genome evolution. During a previous genetic analysis of clubroot resistance in Brassica rapa, we identified a genetic region that is highly collinear with Arabidopsis chromosome 4. This region corresponds to a disease resistance gene cluster in the A. thaliana genome. Relying on synteny with Arabidopsis, we fine-mapped the region and found that the location and order of the markers showed good correspondence with those in Arabidopsis. Microsynteny on a physical map indicated an almost parallel correspondence, with a few rearrangements such as inversions and insertions. The results show that this genomic region of Brassica is conserved extensively with that of Arabidopsis and has potential as a disease resistance gene cluster, although the genera diverged 20 million years ago. 相似文献
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The family Brassicaceae is one of the major groups of the plant kingdom and comprises diverse species of great economic, agronomic and scientific importance, including the model plant Arabidopsis. The sequencing of the Arabidopsis genome has revolutionized our knowledge in the field of plant biology and provides a foundation in genomics and comparative biology. Genomic resources have been utilized in Brassica for diversity analyses, construction of genetic maps and identification of agronomic traits. In Brassicaceae, comparative sequence analysis across the species has been utilized to understand genome structure, evolution and the detection of conserved genomic segments. In this review, we focus on the progress made in genetic resource development, genome sequencing and comparative mapping in Brassica and related species. The utilization of genomic resources and next-generation sequencing approaches in improvement of Brassica crops is also discussed. 相似文献
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利用基因组简约法开发烟草SNP标记及遗传作图 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
提出了一种基于基因组简约法开发SNP标记的方法, 即利用特定限制性内切酶酶切降低基因组复杂度, 利用高通量测序平台对酶切位点周围的目标片段进行富集测序, 设计一个生物信息学流程进行序列分析和SNP鉴定。以烤烟DH群体为例, 通过基因组简约法收集烟草基因组代表性片段和高通量测序产生11.4 Gb数据, 经生物信息学分析获得了1015个高质量SNP位点。以SSR标记为骨架, 绘制包括SNP标记在内、标记总数为1307的烤烟遗传连锁图。最后利用该遗传图谱和普通烟草2个祖先种的基因组序列, 分析烟草24个连锁群(染色体)之间的同源关系, 发现了大量染色体之间的重组或交换事件以及部分染色体之间的共线性。 相似文献