高频超声对老龄腕管综合征的诊断价值

目的 :探讨高频超声对老龄腕管综合征(CTS)的诊断价值。方法 :选择125例(140只腕)老龄CTS患者(CTS组)按肌电图检测的感觉/运动传导参数分为轻、中、重度3组,另选择匹配的45例健康志愿者为对照组,行高频超声检测正中神经横截面积(CSA),以及腕管入口和出口正中神经面积比(R-CSA)和面积差(△CSA),比较2组正中神经形态参数的差异及其不同平面的正中神经参数的ROC曲线。结果:高频超声检测的腕管入口R-CSA和△CSA的敏感度和特异度优于腕管出口的CSA。结论:高频超声所测腕管入口的R-CSA、△CSA是诊断老龄CTS的良好指标。     

高分辨MRI预测腕管综合征病人激素注射后的反应

正摘要目的研究腕管综合征(CTS)病人激素注射(SI)反应与腕管内正中神经T2信号和形状的相关性。方法连续92例准备行SI的病人共163个CTS腕行3 T MR成像和神经     

超声在腕管综合征中的诊断价值

目的:探讨超声诊断腕管综合征(CTS)的准确性。方法:对37例腕管综合征患者的44只手腕和40例无CTS志愿者的80只手腕行动态超声检查,在腕管桡尺关节、豌豆骨及钩骨水平测量正中神经的截面积及其扁平率(长径与短径之比),两组结果进行相关性的对比研究,由ROC曲线评价超声诊断腕管综合征标准值的准确性。结果:CTS患者的正中神经在腕豆骨的截面积明显大于正常对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义,正中神经的截面积增大对于诊断腕管综合征最有预测价值。以正中神经在豌豆骨水平的截面积9.5cm2为阈值,其诊断准确性为87%,诊断敏感度为88%,诊断特异度为87.5%。结论:超声测量正中神经的截面积是诊断腕管综合征的可靠方法。     

高频超声对糖尿病并发腕管综合征的临床诊断研究

目的探讨高频超声诊断糖尿病(DM)并发腕管综合征(CTS)的临床应用价值。方法选取2014年1月～2017年12月在我院就诊的CTS患者共72例,其中非DM(non-DM)CTS患者40例,DM合并CTS患者32例。所有病例均经临床查体及电生理检查证实。DM者64只手腕中患有CTS手腕的为36只,non-DM中患有CTS手腕的为46只。将同期来我院进行健康体检的人共20例(40只手腕)设为A组,B组为non-DM合并CTS的手腕(共46只)、C组为DM无CTS的手腕(共28只)、D组为DM合并CTS的手腕(共36只)。高频超声测量每位受试者腕管入口(腕豆骨水平)与腕管出口(钩骨钩水平)正中神经(MN)的CSA值,并计算两者的比值,即肿胀率(SR)。单因素方差分析比较4组间各测值是否存在统计学差异。结果 1)各组腕管入口正中神经的CSA值分别为(8.78±0.76)mm~2(A组)、(13.36±0.18)mm~2(B组)、(10.37±0.30)mm~2(C组)以及(13.96±0.75)mm~2(D组)。各组腕管入口处正中神经CSA统计学差异显著(F=87.79,P0.001,多重比较结果显示B组与D组无差异,但是与A、C两组差异显著,而A、C两组测值差异亦显著。腕管入口正中神经的CSA值为B组=D组C组A组;2)各组腕管出口处正中神经的CSA值分别为(7.82±0.66)mm~2(A组)、(11.52±0.86)mm~2(B组)、(9.43±0.40)mm~2(C组)以及(13.12±0.74)mm~2(D组)。各组腕管出口处正中神经CSA统计学差异显著(F=90.429,P0.001),多重比较结果显示该处各CSA值均存在差异,其中以D组最大,其次为B组,然后为C组,最小者为A组;3)各组腕管SR值分别为1.12±0.07(A组)、1.17±0.11(B组)、1.10±0.06(C组)及1.07±0.07(D组)。各组SR值差异显著(F=9.850,P0.001),多重比较结果显示B组SR值A组=C组D组。结论高频超声诊断CTS和DM合并CTS具有一定的临床价值,值得推广应用。     

肘管综合征超声定量检测的临床应用价值

目的:探讨肘管综合征(cubital tunnel syndrome,CTS)超声定量诊断的临床应用价值。方法:收集CTS患者33例作为患者组,共39个患病肘关节;选取30例健康志愿者作为对照组,共60个健康肘关节。用高频超声检查2组尺神经,并比较2组间尺神经形态、回声、横截面积(cross sectional area,CSA)及CSA肿胀率的差异。结果:患者组超声声像图中69.2%可见明显卡压,表现为卡压处尺神经局部扁平或变细,卡压的近端及远端肿胀变粗,回声降低;30.8%未见明显卡压,仅表现为肘部尺神经肿胀;尺神经最粗CSA与运动神经传导速度的相关系数r=-0.528。结论:超声对CTS的定量检测中,CSA肿胀率诊断价值最大,CSA和CSA肿胀率相结合能提高诊断灵敏度。     

低频与高频超声诊断肝脏疾病的比较研究

目的:探讨高频超声诊断肝脏疾病的临床价值。方法:选择我院行肝脏超声检查的患者,先行低频超声检查,再行高频超声检查。高频超声或常规低频超声发现肝脏占位性病变且病灶距皮下≤70mm者120例(实性病灶83例,囊性病灶37例);早期肝硬化53例,轻度脂肪肝95例,共268例纳入研究。病灶长径20mm的患者,中、重度脂肪肝,以及晚期肝硬化除外。对比分析高频超声和低频超声显示肝脏病灶的能力。结果:距皮下≤70mm的肝内实性病灶,高频超声发现83例,低频超声发现47例(χ2=45.97,P0.001);最大径5mm的实性占位性病灶,高频超声发现43例,低频超声发现或疑似9例(χ2=56.23,P0.001)。距皮下≤70 mm的肝内囊性病灶,高频超声发现37例,低频超声发现25例(χ2=14.32,P0.001),另外12例低频超声诊断为实性病变。早期肝硬化患者,高频超声发现硬化结节53例,低频超声发现或疑似硬化结节22例(χ2=43.81,P0.001)。轻度脂肪肝患者,高频超声诊断95例,低频超声72例(χ2=26.17,P0.001)。结论:高频超声可明显提高肝脏表浅部位微小病灶的检出率,可以早期诊断肝硬化、脂肪肝等弥漫性病变,是常规超声的有效补充。     

特发性腕管综合征患者正中神经硬度与神经传导的相关性研究

目的 :探讨声触诊成像定量(VTIQ)技术所测特发性腕管综合征(CTS)患者正中神经硬度与神经传导指标是否存在相关性。方法:对37例(61只腕)特发性CTS患者行VTIQ及神经传导检查,分析其正中神经剪切波速度(SWV)、近豌豆骨水平正中神经横截面积(CSA)、末端运动潜伏期(DML),以及SWV与CSA、DML的相关性。结果:正中神经的SWV与DML、CSA均呈正相关(r=0.357,P0.05;r=0.690,P0.001)。结论:特发性CTS患者SWV值与CSA及DML的相关性提示神经硬度的增加与神经形态学改变及神经传导的异常有关。VTIQ技术可为CTS的诊治提供更丰富的定量影像学证据。     

超声引导关节腔内注射富血小板血浆治疗颞下颌关节紊乱的疗效分析

【摘要】　目的?评估超声引导下关节腔中注射富小板血浆（PRP）治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病的有效性。方法?2016年4月至2018年4月,门诊诊治45例确诊为颞下颌关节紊乱患者,超声引导将采集于患者自身的PRP注射于患者病变的颞下颌关节腔内。观察患者在治疗前和治疗后1、3和6个月的最大张口度,及颞下颌关节在静息、运动和咀嚼时VAS评分。结果?关节腔内注射PRP可有效改善最大口腔开放程度,颞下颌关节在静息,运动和咀嚼时VAS评分与治疗前相比显著降低。结论?超声引导下关节腔内注射PRP可显著改善颞下颌关节紊乱患者的体征和症状。     

富含血小板的血浆联合光电治疗对皮肤年轻化作用的临床疗效观察

正目的:观察富含血小板的血浆(platelet rich plasma,PRP)面部注射联合点阵激光/强脉冲光治疗对衰老皮肤的临床疗效。方法:面部皮肤衰老患者25例,进行自体PRP注射联合点阵激光/强脉冲光治疗,其中皱纹11例,毛孔粗大9例,黄褐斑4例,色素沉着1例。治疗2~3次,每次间隔1个月。治疗前后通过主观评价及客观定量检测面部皮肤皱纹、     

超声可视化富血小板血浆治疗运动损伤后腰背部肌筋膜疼痛综合征的早期临床疗效

目的探讨超声可视化富血小板血浆(PRP)治疗运动损伤后腰背部肌筋膜疼痛综合征(MPS)的早期临床疗效。方法采用前瞻性队列研究分析2023年1月至2023年3月四川大学华西医院收治的32例运动损伤后腰背部MPS患者的临床资料。患者均行超声可视化下竖脊肌或腰方肌PRP注射治疗。治疗前及治疗后24 h、2周及4周, 采用视觉模拟评分(VAS)、麦吉尔疼痛问卷(McGill)评分、Roland Morris功能障碍问卷(RMDQ)评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评估疼痛和功能。治疗前及治疗后4周, 采用健康调查简表(SF-36)评估生活质量。观察治疗及随访期间不良反应情况。结果共纳入32例运动损伤后腰背部MPS患者, 其中男10例, 女22例;年龄12～68岁[(47.3±16.3)岁]。患者均获随访4周。在治疗前, 治疗后24 h、2周及4周, VAS分别为5.0(4.0, 6.0)分、3.5(3.0, 4.8)分、2.0(2.0, 3.0)分、2.0(1.3, 3.0)分;McGill评分分别为9.0(7.0, 11.0)分、7.0(5.0, 9.0)分、4.0(3.0, 5....     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Die rechtsmedizinische Identifizierung — Bedeutung und Beweiswert —

Zusammenfassung Bei der rechtsmedizinischen Identifizierung kann die Identität im strengen Sinn allenfalls bei lebenden Personen festgestellt werden; sonst läßt sich nur von Teilen auf das Ganze (vom Untersuchungsobjekt auf die Person) schließen, wobei die verschiedenen Merkmale des Untersuchungsobjektes entsprechend der Hdufigkeit ihres Vorkommens eine unterschiedliche Beweiskraft haben. Bei der Schädelidentifizierung mit Hilfe moderner photographischer oder elektronischer Superprojektionsverfahren ergeben sich unter Berücksichtigung der Weichteildicken so viele (fiktive) Vergleichspunkte, daß bei geeignetem Vergleichsmaterial (Photographien) Identität wegen der Vielzahl übereinstimmender Bezugspunkte in den meisten Fällen evident ist.     

Imaging of abdominal nodal spread in malignant disease

This is a review of the role of imaging procedures for the assessment of abdominal and pelvic lymph nodes. The diagnosis of malignant lymphatic spread is rarely the sole purpose of imaging, because it is usually part of a general abdominal examination, most frequently with CT or US, or increasingly with MRI. These studies are often requested in order to obtain information about the situation to be encountered during surgery, or to alert the surgeon to irresectability or to unexpected metastases outside the initially planned area of exploration. In most surgically treated tumours the role of imaging for preoperative staging is limited, due either to its insufficient sensitivity or because the initial treatment is independent of the lymph node stage. Imaging is commonly used to verify treatment response to chemo- or radiotherapy and for follow-up.Correspondence to: S. Delorme