α-Fe2O3薄膜的制备、结构和气敏特性

采用等离子增强化学气相淀积工艺(PECVD)制备出了Fe₂O₃薄膜。用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析了薄膜的结构、表面形貌和粒度。研究了薄膜对乙醇、液化石油气、煤气和氢气的敏感特性。结果表明所研制的薄膜对乙醇有较高灵敏度,其检测下限可达1ppm,而对液化石油气、煤气和氢气不太敏感,具有优良的选择性。     

PLD法制备纳米类金刚石薄膜及衬底温度的影响

利用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)技术在O2氛围下于α-Al2O3(0001)基片上制备出纳米类金刚石薄膜。借助扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)和Raman光谱分析了薄膜的形貌和结构随沉积时衬底温度的变化情况。结果表明：随着衬底温度的升高,薄膜颗粒尺寸减少;在衬底温度为550℃时,所制备的薄膜均匀、光滑,且大约是由14nm大小的颗粒组成。对薄膜的生长机理作出了分析。     

WO3/NiWO4复合薄膜的制备及其光电化学性能

采用两步水热法在导电玻璃(FTO)上制备了WO₃/NiWO₄复合薄膜。通过XRD,SEM表征了WO₃/NiWO₄复合薄膜的组成结构及微观形貌,利用UV-Vis、光电流测试、光电催化测试和交流阻抗测试分析了WO₃/NiWO₄复合薄膜的光电性能。结果表明:WO₃/NiWO₄复合薄膜相较于WO₃薄膜具有更好的光吸收特性、光电流密度和光电催化活性,其中水热反应3h的WO₃/NiWO₄复合薄膜的光电化学性能最佳。WO₃/NiWO₄-3h在1.4V(vs.Ag/AgCl)时的光电流密度为1.94mA/cm²,光电催化210min对亚甲基蓝溶液的降解效率为57.1%。交流阻抗图谱表明WO₃/NiWO₄薄膜的电荷转移电阻小于WO₃薄膜,光电化学性能更优。     

WO3/SnO2复合薄膜的制备及光电性能

采用水热法和电化学沉积法,成功制备了包覆有SnO₂纳米颗粒的WO₃纳米棒阵列薄膜,退火处理后形成WO₃/SnO₂异质结复合薄膜。通过改变SnO₂的沉积时间得到了复合薄膜的最佳制备条件。采用XRD,FESEM对WO₃/SnO₂复合薄膜的物相和形貌进行了分析,通过电化学工作站对WO₃/SnO₂复合薄膜的光电性能进行了研究,结果表明,电沉积时间为120 s时,WO₃/SnO₂复合薄膜具有最小的阻抗,且在0.6 V的偏压下光电流密度为0.46 mA/cm²,相比于单一WO₃纳米棒薄膜,表现出更好的光电化学性能。     

基于PLD法制备ZnO:Eu3+,Li+薄膜的发光性质研究

采用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)技术在Si(111)衬底上生长了Eu3+、Li+共掺杂的ZnO薄膜。分别对样品进行了X射线衍射(XRD)谱测试和光致发光(PL)谱分析,重点研究了退火处理对样品结构和发射光谱的影响。XRD谱测试表明,样品具有很好的C轴择优取向。PL谱研究表明,当用325nm光激发样品时,样品的发射光谱仅由ZnO基质的紫外发射和蓝光发射组成,并没有发现稀土Eu3+的特征发光峰;样品的蓝光发射源于电子从Zn填隙形成的浅施主能级到Zn空位形成的浅受主能级跃迁;和真空中退火的样品相比,O2中制备的样品的蓝光发射减弱,紫外发光增强。用395nm的光激发时,退火前样品分别在594nm和613nm处存在两个明显的Eu3+特征发光峰,退火后的样品仅发现Eu3+位于594nm的特征发光峰,这表明,退火处理不利于稀土离子的特征发射,但O2中退火的样品ZnO基质红绿波段发射光谱明显增强。     

脉冲激光溅射沉积制备La0.67Ba0.33MnO3薄膜的应变效应研究

采用脉冲激光溅射沉积技术在LaAlO3(001)衬底上制备了一系列不同厚度(40～240 nm)的La0.67Ba0.33MnO3薄膜。通过控制薄膜的厚度，获得了不同应变态的La0.67Ba0.33MnO3薄膜。根据X射线衍射(XRD)数据详细分析了薄膜厚度变化对c轴晶格常数的影响。采用标准的直流四探针法和超导量子干涉仪分别测量了薄膜的电阻温度特性和磁化强度温度特性。研究发现，La0.67Ba0.33MnO3薄膜的居里温度和金属绝缘态转变温度随压缩应变的增大而减小，即压缩应变抑制了La0.67Ba0.33MnO3薄膜的铁磁性，降低了居里温度。这一结果与以往压缩应变增强铁磁性并提高居里温度的结论相异，不能利用Millis的应变理论模型进行定性解释。利用超巨磁电阻(CMR)薄膜材料的应变效应对eg轨道稳定性的影响对La0.67Ba0.33MnO3薄膜的异常磁电输运效应进行了解释。     

玻璃基底/Ag纳米薄膜/聚苯胺电致变色薄膜的制备

采用垂直靶向脉冲激光沉积(VTPLD)法,在室温及 Ar气环境下于玻璃基底 上沉积Ag纳米薄膜。在Ag纳米薄膜上用提拉法获得一层聚苯胺(PANI)电致变 色薄膜。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和数字万用表考察激光功率对沉 积的Ag纳米薄膜的晶型结构、表面形貌和电导率的影响。采用循环伏安法、紫外 可见漫反射光谱法对不同激光功率下沉积的Ag纳米薄膜上PANI薄膜的电致变色 性能、结构变化进行分析。XRD和SEM结果显示,在玻璃基底上成功地获得粒径 为30～50nm的Ag纳米薄膜且其电阻值为1～5 Ω。在实验的最优条件 下,激光功率为17W时获得的Ag纳米薄膜致密均匀、结晶好和电阻值 较小;在优化的玻璃基底/Ag纳米薄膜上附着的PANI薄膜,电致变色电压最低、红移范围明 显。     

PLD生长Fe_3O_4薄膜的微结构及磁性能研究

以烧结α-Fe2O3为靶材,采用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)方法,在Si(100)基片上制备了Fe3O4薄膜。XRD分析表明,所得薄膜为立方尖晶石结构的Fe3O4,而且具有(311)和(440)择优取向;显微激光喇曼(Raman)光谱分析进一步证实薄膜中只出现单相Fe3O4;AFM分析表明,所得Fe3O4薄膜表面平整;采用VSM分析表明,Fe3O4薄膜的饱和磁化强度Ms约为170kA·m–1,而其矫顽力约为412kA·m–1。     

Ag：Bi2O3纳米颗粒复合薄膜的三阶光学非线性和超快电子动力学研究

金属纳米颗粒具有较小的尺寸和大的表面体积比，由于量子限制效应和表面效应，表现出特殊的电子和光学性质．迄今为止，研究者们已对金属颗粒掺杂浓度较低的复合材料的性质做了大量研究，而掺杂浓度较高的材料受到的关注较少．我们采用磁控溅射法制备出含Ag浓度较高(13at．％～59at．％)的Ag：Bi2O3复合薄膜，使用飞秒脉冲激光研究了此类材料的三阶光学非线性和超快电子动力学过程。     

脉冲激光扫描淀积类金刚石薄膜

采用能量密度为1.178×109W/cm2的XeCl准分子激光直接辐照高纯度的石墨靶,并同时采用辅助放电,在1×10-5Torr的真空环境中,于温度为80℃的Si(100)的基片上淀积出类金刚石薄膜,Raman光谱显示在1330cm-1处出现较强的散射峰值;对薄膜红外光谱进行测试,其光谱在2900cm-1处有吸收峰,表明所淀积的类金刚石薄膜含有C-H键,其H元素与C元素的比为45%.薄膜的电阻率为1.89×106Ω/cm,通过光吸收测得的该薄膜的能隙为1.55eV.     

反应式脉冲激光溅射淀积AlN薄膜化学稳定性研究

就反应式脉冲激光溅射淀积制备氮化铝薄膜的过程，讨论了激光脉冲能量密度及脉冲频率对所有制备薄膜结构性能的影响，并对薄膜的化学稳定性作了比较详细的研究，结果表明，当薄膜中存在有未反应的单质铝时，薄膜的化学稳定性较差。比较而言具有高取向性，择优生长的致密ＡＩＮ微晶膜的化学稳定性优于结构相对疏松的非晶膜。     

Pulsed laser deposition and physical properties of carbon nitride thin films

Carbon nitride thin films were grown using an approach that combines pulsed laser deposition and atomic beam techniques. The composition and phases of the carbon nitride materials obtained from the reaction of laser ablated carbon and atomic nitrogen have been systematically investigated. The nitrogen composition was found to increase to a limiting value of 50% as the fluence was decreased for laser ablation at both 532 and 248 nm. Analysis of these experiments show that the growth rate determines the overall nitrogen composition, and thus suggests that a key step in the growth mechanism involves a surface reaction between carbon and nitrogen. Infrared spectroscopy has also been used to assess the phases present in the carbon nitride thin films. This spectroscopic measurement indicates that a cyanogen-like impurity occurs in films with nitrogen compositions greater than 30%. Investigations of the effects of thermal annealing have been carried out, and show that the impurity phase can be eliminated to yield a single phase material. In addition, systematic measurements of the electrical resistivity and thermal conductivity of the carbon nitride films were made as a function of nitrogen content. The implications of these results are discussed.     

Effect of AlN buffer layer thickness on the properties of GaN films grown by pulsed laser deposition

The GaN films are grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on sapphire, AlN(30 nm)/Al₂O₃ and AlN(150 nm)/Al₂O₃, respectively. The effect of AlN buffer layer thickness on the properties of GaN films grown by PLD is investigated systematically. The characterizations reveal that as AlN buffer layer thickness increases, the surface root-mean-square (RMS) roughness of GaN film decreases from 11.5 nm to 2.3 nm, while the FWHM value of GaN film rises up from 20.28 arcmin to 84.6 arcmin and then drops to 31.8 arcmin. These results are different from the GaN films deposited by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) with AlN buffer layers, which shows the improvement of crystalline qualities and surface morphologies with the thickening of AlN buffer layer. The mechanism of the effect of AlN buffer layer on the growth of GaN films by PLD is hence proposed.     

脉冲激光沉积Al/Ag掺杂功能梯度薄膜

为了寻找制备梯度金属薄膜的新方法和新工艺,采用脉冲准分子激光扫描沉积技术,在Si(100)单晶衬底上沉积了Al/Ag掺杂功能梯度薄膜,并采用SEM和XPS对制备的薄膜进行了微观分析。分析结果表明,运用合适的激光参数和辅助放电,在沉积温度300℃时,制备出了Al/Ag组分比近似为5:1的掺杂梯度薄膜。该实验方法说明,利用脉冲激光与金属掺杂靶相互作用沉积梯度金属薄膜是可行的。     

Properties of cobalt-doped zinc oxide thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition on glass substrates

Undoped and cobalt-doped zinc oxide (CZO) polycrystalline piezoelectric thin films (Co: 3, 5 at.%) using a series of high quality ceramic targets have been deposited at 450 °C onto glass substrates using a pulsed laser deposition method. The used source was a KrF excimer laser (248 nm, 25 ns, 2 J∕cm²). X-ray diffraction patterns showed that the Co-doped ZnO films crystallize in a hexagonal wurtzite type structure with a strong (0 orientation, and the grain sizes calculated from these patterns decrease from 37 to 31 nm by increasing Co doping. The optical waveguiding properties of the films were characterized by using a prism-coupling method. The distinct M-lines of the guided transverse magnetic (TM) and transverse electric (TE) modes of the ZnO films waveguide have been observed. With the aim of study the optical properties of the ZnO films, an accurate refractive index and thickness measurement apparatus was set up, which is called M-lines device. An evaluation of experimental uncertainty and calculation of the precision of the refractive index and thickness were developed on ZnO films. The optical transmittance spectra showed a good transparency in the visible region. Calculated optical band gap varying from 3.23 to 3.37 eV when the content of Co doping increases from 0 to 5 at.%.     

脉冲激光沉积制备TiN/AlN多层薄膜及其工艺研究

本文采用脉冲激光沉积（PLD）法,在单晶硅试样表面上沉积制备了TiN/AlN多层硬质薄膜;研究了激光能量、靶衬距离和基体温度等工艺参数对薄膜性能的影响。采用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和显微硬度仪方法研究了薄膜的性能。结果表明：薄膜由TiN和立方AlN细晶和无定型的非晶TiN、AlN组成,薄膜的调制周期尺寸均在λ=（50-200）nm范围内,多层结构界面清晰;当多层薄膜调制周期在100nm以下时,薄膜的显微硬度明显高于TiN和AlN的混合硬度值。     

脉冲激光沉积制备NiO(111)外延薄膜及其结构研究

采用脉冲激光沉积法(PLD)在具有六方纤锌矿结构的蓝宝石衬底上制备了NiO外延薄膜,研究了沉积温度、氧分压对薄膜结构和形貌的影响。在650℃、20Pa氧分压的条件下制得了高结晶质量的单晶NiO薄膜。高能电子衍射分析发现,该NiO薄膜沿Al2O3[11–20]方向入射的衍射图像为清晰的斑点,说明NiO薄膜的生长模式为岛状模式,薄膜与衬底的外延匹配关系为:(111)[11–2]NiO//(0001)[11–20]Al2O3。