任意连续变化来流条件下不稳定分离绕流数值仿真

在任意连续变化的来流条件下,绕任意形状物体的不稳定、分离流动,采用了离散涡方法进行数值仿真.来流条件的变化包括来流速度方向和大小,并可以任意设定来流变化时间.当来流条件随时间任意连续变化时,并非是从头开始重新计算,而是在前来流条件的流动基础上,在变化后的来流条件下继续进行.前者是后来的先驱,后来是前者的继续.所以数值仿真是步步发展、与时俱进:充分发挥了离散涡方法的特点.给出了绕圆柱及叶栅流动两个实验算例.     

小扰动理论预计轴流压气机旋转失速起始点的研究

本文对各种建立在小扰动理论基础上的预计旋转失速的起始条件进行了分析、统一和比较.并将它与单级轴流压气机的转子实验数据进行了关联,取得了理论值和实验值之间较好的一致性.分析了旋转失速起始条件的机理.证明了预计方法的有效性.扩大了方法的应用范围.     

悬浮液进样自吸扣背景石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定高纯氧化铝中铜、铁和钠含量

采用悬浮液-自吸扣背景石墨炉原子吸收法测定了高纯氧化铝中痕量元素铜、铁、钠含量.实验对灰化温度、原子化温度和自吸扣背景灯电流等石墨炉原子吸收工作条件等进行了优化,确定了最佳测定条件.样品测试采用标准水溶液进行校正,方法准确性采用氧化铝AKP-30在高温高压和浓硫酸密闭条件下溶解样品进样分析测定结果与文献报道的其他测定方...     

煤热解挥发分还原NO的反应过程分析

采用详细的化学反应动力学机理对烟煤快速热解挥发分气体还原NO过程进行了数值模拟.根据实际反应条件确定模拟条件为0.1 MPa,1273～1573 K,煤质为准格尔烟煤。首先应用FG-DVC模型模拟得到了热解条件下的气体成分和含量,然后将该气体作为再燃燃料,选取化学当量比为0.6、1.0和1.2进行还原NO的计算.通过敏感性分析和生成速率分析,发现了控制NO生成和还原的关键步骤.只有CH_3、N_2O、NH_i、HCN和H_2CN才可以将NO还原成N_2。     

化学气相沉积法制备GaN纳米结构设计性实验

在无催化剂辅助条件下,采用化学气相沉积法生长了GaN纳米线.通过调整衬底、NH3气流、生长时间等,实现了半导体GaN纳米线的生长以及形貌调控.用X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜对产物的物相及形貌进行了表征.获得了合成GaN纳米线的优化条件.     

光谱法研究酸度对一种白杨素衍生物与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的影响

在3种酸度条件下,采用多种光谱技术对一种白杨素衍生物和牛血清白蛋白的相互作用进行了研究.结果表明该衍生物和牛血清白蛋白可形成基态复合物,静态、动态猝灭方式同时存在,以静态猝灭为主.通过计算获得了在不同温度及酸度条件下的结合常数及结合位点数.该衍生物在碱性条件下和牛血清白蛋白的结合能力较强.在pH 7.40的生理条件下,...     

在变值测量模拟中的条件概率统计分布

针对常见的两类量子交互干涉实验,Young 氏双缝干涉和超低强度长时间曝光量子交互结果显示出的明显波动统计分布特性,本文基于另一种经典概率测量模型Bayes统计依据的条件概率方法,提出条件概率变值测量模型,建立了测量模拟方法,给出了不同参量的测量公式,并对相关的重要条件进行描述.通过2个具体例子按每个函数形成四组16个直方图统计分布进行比较,对给定例子中的重要特性进行了分析.分析表明,在同步/异步、对称/反对称的作用下,条件概率测量模拟系统能针对左路、右路、双路粒子和双路波动交互作条件形成两类8种不同的统计分布.从不同的侧面显现了双路粒子同左/右路异步加算符信号之间的直接耦合关系,以及左/右路同步加算符信号与双路波动之间的干涉输出关系.在条件概率模型的条件下,单路/双路、粒子和波动的区别非常明晰,可以从中看到Feynman提炼的经典和量子统计之间的区别,统计判据直接从直方图分布中即可区分. 这类特性从基础层面显示了波/粒二重性的怪异特性,可以通过粒子性的模型完整描述.     

用迈克耳孙干涉仪测肥皂膜厚度实验的分析

利用白光干涉原理,借助迈克耳孙干涉仪对肥皂膜的厚度进行了非接触测量.在干涉条纹宽窄相同的条件下,对不同层数的肥皂膜进行对比测量;在干涉条纹宽窄不同的条件下,对相同层数的肥皂膜进行对比测量;通过计算给出了膜的中心厚度和不确定度,对比分析了各种条件下测量时误差产生的原因.结果表明:单层、双层膜适合在宽条纹下测量,四层膜适合在窄条纹下测量.     

连续流动分析法测定烟草中水溶性糖、烟碱、氯离子的比较研究

选择了具有代表性的分析仪器进行对比实验,探讨仪器分析方法之间异同点,通过优化分析条件,完善分析方法.通过样品测试数据的比较,表明API和ALLIANCE仪器上分别测得的水溶性糖、烟碱、氯离子结果一致,为根据需要或现有条件选择实验方法提供了依据.     

全变分图像去噪和去模糊问题的外插边值条件

提出了适用于去模糊问题的外插边值条件,方法在一维信号下具有一阶连续性,在二维图像情况下具有连续性并保持法向导数的连续性.使用两种模型和两个模糊算子与Dirichlet,Neumann及逆反射边值条件进行了比较.之后在基于全变分图像去噪和去模糊问题的快速算法中应用了外插边值条件.数值实验表明了外插边值条件的有效性.     

Spectrographic voice identification: a forensic survey

A survey of 2000 voice identification comparisons made by Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) examiners was used to determine the observed error rate of the spectrographic voice identification technique under actual forensic conditions. The qualifications of the examiners and the comparison procedures are set forth. The survey revealed that decisions were made in 34.8% of the comparisons with a 0.31% false identification error rate and a 0.53% false elimination error rate. These error rates are expected to represent the minimum error rates under actual forensic conditions.     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法检测獭兔肉中的微量元素

研究了用电感耦合等离子体光谱法检测獭兔肉中多种微量元素的实验方法。实验表明,獭兔肉中多种微量元素在选定的最佳条件下能够可靠、准确测得,且精密度在0.59%—8.85%之间,回收率为96.5%—103.5%。该方法具有灵敏度高、干扰少、线性范围宽和多元素同时测定等优点,是科学工作者研究微量元素可行的方法之一;同时该方法准确、快速、简便,适用于同类样品的测定,结果令人满意。     

Physiological characteristics of tropical rain forest tree species: a basis for the development of silvicultural technology

The physiological characteristics of the dominant tree species in the tropical rain forest mainly belonging to dipterocarps as well as the environmental conditions especially for the light in the forest were studied to establish the silvicultural system for the forest regeneration in the tropical South Asia. The flowering patterns of the dipterocarp trees are usually irregular and unpredictable, which make difficult to collect sufficient seeds for raising the seedlings. The field survey revealed the diverged features of the so-called gregarious or simultaneous flowering of various species of this group. Appropriate conditions and methods for the storage of the seeds were established according to the detailed analyses of the morphological and physiological characteristics of the seeds such as the low temperature tolerance and the moisture contents. The intensity and spectra of the light in the forest primarily determine the growth and the morphological development of the seedlings under the canopy. Based on the measurements of the diffused light at the sites in the tropical forest in the varying sunlight, the parameters such as "the steady state of the diffuse light" and "the turning point" were defined, which were useful to evaluate the light conditions in the forest. To improve the survival of the transplanted seedlings, a planting method of "the bare-root seedlings", the seedlings easy to be handled by removal of all leaves, soil and pots, was developed. Its marked efficiency was proved with various dipterocarps and other tropical trees by the field trial in the practical scale. Tolerance of the various species to the extreme environmental conditions such as fires, acid soils and drought were examined by the experiments and the field survey, which revealed marked adaptability of Shorea roxburghii as a potential species for regeneration of the tropical forests.     

Long range transmission loss of broadband seismic pulses in the Arctic under ice-free conditions

In 2008 the Louis S. St-Laurent (LSSL) surveyed deep Arctic waters using a three-airgun seismic source. Signals from the seismic survey were detected between 400 km and 1300 km range on a directional autonomous acoustic recorder deployed in water 53 m deep off the Alaskan North Slope. Observations of received signal levels between 10-450 Hz versus LSSL range roughly fit a cylindrical transmission loss model plus 0.01 dB/km attenuation in deep ice-free waters, and fit previous empirical models in ice-covered waters. The transition between ice-free and ice-covered propagation conditions shifted 200 km closer to the recorder during the survey.     

Surface states of a system of dirac fermions: A minimal model

A brief survey is given of theoretical works on surface states (SSs) in Dirac materials. Within the formalism of envelope wave functions and boundary conditions for these functions, a minimal model is formulated that analytically describes surface and edge states of various (topological and nontopological) types in several systems with Dirac fermions (DFs). The applicability conditions of this model are discussed.     

Subjective study of preferred listening conditions in Italian Catholic churches

The paper describes the results of research aimed at investigating the preferred subjective listening conditions inside churches. The effect of different musical motifs (spanning Gregorian chants to symphonic music) was investigated and regression analysis was performed in order to point out the relationship between subjective ratings and acoustical parameters. In order to present realistic listening conditions to the subjects a small subset of nine churches was selected among a larger set of acoustic data collected in several Italian churches during a widespread on-site survey. The subset represented different architectural styles and shapes, and was characterized by average listening conditions. For each church a single source–receiver combination with fixed relative positions was chosen. Measured binaural impulse responses were cross-talk cancelled and then convolved with five anechoic motifs. Paired comparisons were finally performed, asking a trained panel of subjects their preference. Factor analysis pointed out a substantially common underlying pattern characterizing subjective responses. The results show that preferred listening conditions vary as a function of the musical motif, depending on early decay time for choral music and on a combination of initial time delay and lateral energy for instrumental music.     

Hadronization of expanding QGP

We discuss how the dynamics of an exploding hot fireball of quark-gluon matter impacts the actual phase transition conditions between the deconfined and confined state of matter. We survey the chemical conditions prevailing at hadronization.     

Traffic noise in an urban situation

The results of a noise survey made within the Portsmouth City boundaries are outlined. Measurements were made throughout the 18-hour day at 33 sites which covered a wide range of traffic conditions. Comparisons were made between the published noise prediction methods and the measured results for sites adjacent to roads carrying free-flowing traffic. A modification is introduced to allow the design parameter employed by traffic engineers to be used in the prediction formula. The fall-off of noise levels with distance was also examined. An area classification is suggested for situations where the prediction formulae are not able to be applied.     

The nonlinear dynamics of the damped and driven Toda chain: I. Energy bifurcation diagrams

The dynamics of a periodically driven damped Toda chain with periodic boundary conditions is investigated. With the help of energy cross sections it can be shown that besides periodic motions of different periodicity quasiperiodic and aperiodic (chaotic) motions exist. The method of energy bifurcation diagrams is introduced which allows a survey of the resonance properties of the chain.     

Worst case conditions for electrostatic tests of liquid handling systems

This paper gives a literature survey on recommendations for the worst case test conditions for electrostatic tests of liquid handling systems. The following applications are dealt with: 1) Testing equipment for flowing solvents, 2) Testing equipment for flowing fuel, 3) Testing equipment for flowing contaminated liquids, 4) Spraying liquids, and 5) Reconstruction of accidents.