重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂静脉溶栓治疗心源性脑栓塞的临床研究

目的 探讨重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(rt-PA)治疗急性心源性脑栓塞(CCE)的安全性及疗效.方法 符合入选标准的患者溶栓组19例,对照组21例,发病3h内给予rt-PA(0.9 mg/kg)静脉溶栓治疗,采用美国国立卫生院神经功能缺损评分及Barthel指数,评定溶栓前及溶栓后2、6 h、1、3、7、30、90 d的疗效及安全性.结果 溶栓后各时间点NIHSS评分均有显著改善(P＜0.05),溶栓组临床总有效率89.5%,对照组38.1%.溶栓组脑出血发生率为10.5%,其中症状性脑出血发生率5.26%.对照组脑出血发生率19%,其中症状性脑出血发生率4.76%.溶栓组病死率0,对照组病死率9.5%.结论 CCE患者3 h内给予rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗是安全有效的.     

低剂量尿激酶与重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死的疗效

目的比较低剂量尿激酶(UK)与重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(rt-PA)静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死的有效性和安全性。方法选择发病<6h的急性脑梗死患者42例,分为rt-PA(0.9mg/kg)静脉溶栓组23例,低剂量UK(50万~70万IU)静脉溶栓组19例,对2组治疗前、治疗后24h、10d的神经功能缺损(NIHSS)评分及治疗前与治疗后10d的日常生活(barthel)指数评分进行比较,同时观察2组溶栓后出血等不良反应。结果 (1)rt-PA组及UK组治疗后24h、10d的NIHSS及Barthel评分与溶栓治疗前相比均有显著改善(P<0.05);2组间溶栓治疗前及治疗后24h、10d的NIHSS、Barthel评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(2)rt-PA组治疗后总有效率为95.7%,UK组为78.9%,rt-PA组总有效率较UK组高,但2组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。UK<3h组总有效率92.3%,UK3~6h组总有效率50.0%,rt-PA治疗组总有效率与UK3~6h组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)溶栓后rt-PA组脑出血2例,均为非症状性,UK组无脑出血,2组均无其他系统出血并发症。结论低剂量尿激酶静脉溶栓治疗3h内急性脑梗死与rt-PA相比同样有效,且安全性更好。     

25例急性脑梗死患者静脉溶栓治疗

目的 观察重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(rt-PA)早期静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死的疗效及安全性.方法 25例发病时间＜3 h的急性脑梗死患者接受rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗,剂量(0.6～0.9)mg/kg.溶栓前及溶栓后2 h、24 h及7 d接受美国国立卫生院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分,3个月接受改良Rankin评分,并观察安全性.结果 溶栓后7 d的NIHSS评分较基线值显著改善(P=0.04),20例完成3个月MRS评估者中,0～1分6例(30%),死亡2例(10%).症状性脑出血患者2例.基线NIHSS评分高(P=0.002)及完全前循环梗死型(P=0.01)者易发生症状性脑出血.结论 早期静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死能改善患者的远期预后.     

重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死的疗效观察

目的 探讨重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(rt-PA)静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死(ACI)的疗效及安全性.方法 将发病<3 h的ACI患者30例分为rt-PA组与对照组;在给予常规脑梗死药物治疗的基础上,rt-PA组给予rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗,对照组给予奥扎格雷钠治疗.治疗前后分别采用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)及Barthel指数(BI)评价并比较两组的疗效及安全性.结果 两组治疗后NIHSS评分较治疗前明显改善,rt-PA组较对照组改善更显著(P<0.05～0.01);治疗21 d时rt-PA组显效率(80%)及BI≥95分的比率(40%)显著高于对照组(20%,0)(均P<0.01);两组病死率、继发性脑出血及血管再闭塞发生率的差异无统计学意义.结论 ACI发病3 h内给予rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗较奥扎格雷钠更有效,且相对安全.     

重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂对急性脑梗死早期静脉溶栓的疗效

目的探讨重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(rt-PA)对急性脑梗死(ACI)早期静脉溶栓的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析我院收治的发病时间6h的急性脑梗死患者120例,其中60例(观察组)应用rt-PA(总量为0.9mg/kg,单次计量最大为50mg)行早期静脉溶栓治疗,60例(对照组)皮下注射5 000IU达肝素钠,1次/d,连续治疗7d。评估治疗前和治疗后2h、24h、14d、3个月2组NIHSS评分,回访调查治疗3个月后2组的BI值、继发性脑出血(sICH)发生率及病死率。结果治疗后各时间点,观察组NIHSS评分均较治疗前均明显减少(P0.05或P0.01),较对照组显著降低(P0.05或P0.01);治疗3个月后,观察组BI值显著高于对照组(P0.01),2组sICH发生率及病死率差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论急性脑梗死患者发病6h内及时应用rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗疗效好、安全性高,值得临床推广。     

重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂超早期静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死的疗效观察

目的 探讨重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(rt-PA)超早期静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死(ACI)的疗效及安全性.方法 对74例发病＜6 h的ACI患者给予rt-PA(50 mg)静脉溶栓治疗,溶栓前及溶栓后30 min、24 h、14 d及3个月时分别采用美国国立卫生院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分,以及溶栓后3个月给予修订的Rankin评分(mRS)和日常生活能力Barthal指数(BI)评分,评价其疗效及安全性.结果 溶栓后各时间点NIHSS评分均有明显改善(均P<0.01);3个月时NIHSS≤1分者31例(41.9%),mRS 0～1分者39例(52.7%),BI 95～100分者33例(44.6%).脑出血发生率:＜36 h 5例(6.8%),36～72 h 3例(4.1%).3个月内死亡9例(12.2%).结论 ACI发病6 h内给予rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗相对安全有效.     

不同剂量rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死伴房颤患者的疗效及安全性

目的 观察不同剂量rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死伴房颤患者的疗效及安全性。方法 选取2017年9月-2019年12月在抚顺市中心医院神经内科住院治疗的急性脑梗死伴房颤患者80例(NIHSS评分5～20分),随机分为标准剂量组(42例)和低剂量组(38例),于脑梗死发病4.5 h内标准剂量组患者给予rt-PA 0.9 mg/kg治疗,低剂量组患者给予rt-PA 0.6 mg/kg治疗,之后比较2组的临床治疗效果和不良反应。结果 2组患者溶栓24 h,7、30 d后的NIHSS评分较溶栓前均显著下降(P<0.05); 2组溶栓后的NIHSS评分、颅内出血率、病死率及各时间点的mRS评分比较无明显差异(P>0.05); 低剂量组溶栓后皮肤黏膜、牙龈出血率明显低于标准剂量组(P<0.05)。结论 低剂量(0.6 mg/kg)与标准剂量(0.9 mg/kg)rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死(中度-中重度)伴房颤患者的临床疗效相当,但低剂量溶栓治疗安全性更高,对于患者的恢复更加有利     

心房纤颤对急性脑梗死患者静脉溶栓近远期疗效的影响

目的探讨心房纤颤(房颤)对急性脑梗死患者静脉溶栓近远期疗效的影响。方法收集发病4.5 h内(后循环梗死延长至6 h)给予阿替普酶静脉溶栓治疗的急性脑梗死患者共60例作为研究对象,根据ECG结果分为房颤组及无房颤组。分别采用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分及改良的Rankin(mRS)评分评价早期疗效及远期预后。结果房颤组与无房颤组相比,病前卒中或TIA发病率更高(P=0.042),发病时NIHSS评分更高(P=0.023);房颤组和无房颤组根据NIHSS评分在7 d疗效有效率分别为68.42%和70.73%(P=0.58),根据mRs评分在90 d时预后良好率分别为63.15%和63.41%(P=0.47),早期疗效和晚期预后差别均无统计学意义。结论合并房颤的卒中患者能够在静脉溶栓治疗中获益,房颤对急性脑梗死静脉溶栓治疗患者的近远期疗效无显著影响。     

rt-PA联合尿激酶静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死的疗效及安全性研究

目的观察重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂联合尿激酶静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死的疗效与安全性。方法选择前循环急性脑梗死患者171例,联合溶栓组46例,单用rt-PA组39例,单用尿激酶组34例,对照组52例。观察治疗前及治疗后14d NIHSS评分,同时观察再梗死率、脑出血率及死亡率。结果 4组治疗后14d分别和治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);3个溶栓组与对照组14d有效率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);4组再发脑梗死率、死亡率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),联合溶栓组脑出血率与单用rt-PA组及单用尿激酶组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 rt-PA联合尿激酶治疗急性脑梗死是安全有效的。     

阿替普酶静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死的疗效及安全性

目的研究重组组织型纤溶酶原激活物(rt-PA)静脉给药溶栓治疗急性脑梗死的临床效果。方法回顾性分析发病在4.5h内,具有溶栓指征的急性脑梗死患者105例,其中对照组56例仅给予抗血小板聚集、调脂稳定斑块等常规治疗方案,观察组49例给予rt-PA静脉溶栓治疗,24h后若无明显出血,开始给予脑梗死常规治疗。比较2组治疗后90d美国国立卫生院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、Barthel指数(BI)评分及改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分改善情况,以评价rt-PA治疗急性脑梗死临床疗效。结果 2组治疗前NIHSS评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05),观察组溶栓后2h、24h、7d时NIHSS评分显著低于对照组(P0.05);观察组90d时mRS评分显示预后良好的患者较对照组明显增多,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组比较,观察组90d时Barthel指数评分明显升高(P0.05)。虽然观察组总体出血事件较对照组增高(P0.05);但2组症状性脑出血比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论发病4.5h以内,静脉给予rt-PA溶栓治疗急性脑梗死具有显著的临床疗效,且安全性较高,值得临床推广应用。     

Treatment with rituximab in patients with polyneuropathy with anti-MAG antibodies

Journal of Neurology -     

Factors associated with satisfaction with care among patients with epilepsy

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the work described here was to determine those variables associated with satisfaction with care among patients with epilepsy. METHODS: We interviewed patients followed at a tertiary epilepsy center. Predictor variables included age, gender, race, education, income, insurance, seizure frequency, and Quality of Life in Epilepsy-10 inventory (QOLIE-10) results. Target variables were the subscales of the Short Form Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ-18). We used univariate analysis to identify those variables significantly associated with the subscales and multiple linear regression to determine those independently significant. RESULTS: The study population comprised 193 patients. Lower education and better QOLIE-10 scores were independently associated with general satisfaction with care. The mental health scale was associated with general satisfaction with care. Lower educational level was the only variable independently associated with patient satisfaction with communication, the financial aspect of care, and time spent with physician. CONCLUSION: Lower educational level and better quality of life are the main variables associated with higher general satisfaction with care among patients with epilepsy.     

Children with ADHD and motor dysfunction compared with children with ADHD only

The purpose of this study was to identify group differences in children with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder and motor dysfunction (ADHD-MD) and ADHD only, and to evaluate the medication responsiveness of ADHD-MD. Sixty-three children (49 males and 14 females; mean age 9 years 10 months, SD 2 years 10 months) underwent a triple blind, placebo-controlled crossover study evaluating two dose levels of methylphenidate (0.3 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg [corrected], twice daily) and placebo. Forty-nine trials were completed. Nineteen were children with ADHD-MD, 44 had ADHD only. Behavior and functioning were assessed at home and at school. Treatment effects were assessed using the Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire for Parents and Teachers. Children with ADHD-MD were more likely to have severe ADHD-combined type and other neurodevelopmental and behavioral problems. Both groups of children had a linear dose response to medication (placebo, low, high) and there was no evidence of a group by dose interaction or an overall group effect at home or school. The lack of group effect suggests that these children responded to medication like the other subgroups.     

Chronic headache with vasospasm treated with nimodipine

Journal of Neurology -