Intact soft clay’s critical response to dynamic stress paths on different combinations of principal stress orientation

Comprehensive tests on Hangzhou intact soft clay were performed, which were used to obtain the soils’ critical response to undrained dynamic stress paths under different combinations of principal stress orientation. The different combinations included cyclic principal stress rotation (CPSR for short), cyclic shear with abrupt change of principal stress orientation (CAPSO for short) and cyclic shear with fixed principal stress orientation (CFPSO for short). On one side, under all these stress paths, samples have obvious strain inflection points and shear bands, and the excess pore water pressure is far from the level of initial effective confining pressure at failure. Stress paths of major principal stress orientation (α) alternating from negative and positive have quite different influence on soil’s properties with those in which α is kept negative or positive. On the other side, due to the soil’s strongly initial anisotropy, samples under double-amplitudes CPSR and CAPSO (or single-amplitude CPSR and CFPSO) have similar properties on dynamic shear strength and pore water pressure development tendency when α is kept within ±45°, while have quite different properties when α oversteps ±45°.     

解读连战先生的民族情

文章试图从两方面解读连战先生深厚的民族情.这种民族情一方面来源于他的家族,连战的先祖到台湾死也不臣服清,曾祖父至父亲三代以各种形式坚持抗日及父母对他言传身教;另一方面与他早年在祖国大陆的生活经历有关,从他对抗战和日本的态度及祖国大陆寻踪等方面体现出来.     

Evaluation of ultimate bearing capacity of Y-shaped vibro-pile

Based on Mindlin stress solution, a numerical computational method was proposed to calculate the stresses in the ground induced by side friction and the resistance of Y-shaped vibro-pile. The improved Terzaghi’s and ЪерезанцевВГ’s methods for ultimate bearing capacity evaluation were proposed by considering the stress strength induced by friction resistance at pile head level of Y-pile. A new method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of Y-pile was also proposed based on the assumptions of soil failure mode at the tip of Y-pile and the use of Mohr-Coulomb soil yield criterion and Vesic compressive correction coefficient with the induced stresses in the ground. Based on the comparisons with the field static load test results, it is found that the improved Terzaghi’s method gives higher ultimate capacity, while the other two methods shows good agreement with the field results.     

Adhesion coefficient of automobile tire and road surface

The adhesion coefficient of automobile tire and road surface was analyzed and the formula about it was derived.Some suggestions about highway construction,driving safety of the drivers and the judgment of the traffic accidents were presented.The results show that the adhesion coefficient is a function with the extreme value.If there is atmospheric pressure in the tire,the load of the vehicle and the degree of the coarse on the road surface is not selected properly,it will reach the least and affect the safety of the running automobile.     

Effects of stress conditions on rheological properties of granular soil in large triaxial rheology laboratory tests

In order to study the rheological properties of red stone granular soil,a series of rheological experiments were executed on large tri-axial rheological apparatus.Under 100,200 and 300 kPa confining stress conditions,the rheological tests were carried out.These experiment results showed that the stress conditions,especially the stress level were the critical influencing factors of the rheological deformation properties.Under the low stress level(S=0.1),the granular soil showed the elastic properties,and there was no obvious rheological deformation.Under the middle stress level(0.20.8) creep curves showed the non-linear viscous plastic rheological properties.Especially,under the stress level of S=1.0,the accelerated rheological phase of creep curves occurred at early time with a trend of failure.The stress level had obvious effects on the final rheological deformation of the soil sample,and the final rheological deformation increments nonlinearly increased with stress level.The final rheological deformation increment and step was little under low stress level,while it became large under high stress level,which showed the nonlinearly rheological properties of the granular soil.The confining pressure also had direct effects on final rheological deformation,and the final rheological deformation linearly increased with confining pressure increments.     

2008年我国房地产业的发展模式与市场把握

在深入市场调查、认真采集数据和科学分析研究的基础上,从我国新一年房地产业发展的"背景和环境"、"预期和责任"、"风险和影响"、"保障和创新"等方面进行阐述和论证.     

窃取商业秘密获得的专利权归商业秘密权利人所有——兼谈商业秘密构成要件和范围

中国加入WTO以后,知识产权的保护意识日益强化,作为知识产权范畴的专利权更是被人们普遍关注和重视.以"错案"为研究对象,运用商业秘密的有关理论以及保护商业秘密和专利权的有关法律制度,特别是从窃取商业秘密获得的专利权归谁所有的角度,对人民法院的判决进行了分析研究,指出了人民法院的判决是错误的,提出了窃取商业秘密获得的专利权归商业秘密权利人所有.这有利于人民法院公正司法,依法审判.     

Research advances of un-symmetric constitutive theory of anisotropic viscoelastic liquids and its hydrodynamic behavior

Research advances of un-symmetric constitutive equation of anisotropic fluid,influence of un-symmetric stress tensor on material functions,vibrational shear flow of the fluid with small amplitudes and rheology of anisotropic suspension were reported.A new concept of simple anisotropic fluid was introduced.On the basis of anisotropic principle,the simple fluid stress behaviour was described by velocity gradient tensor F and spin tensor W instead of velocity gradient tensor D in the classic Leslie-Ericksen continuum theory.Two relaxation times analyzing rheological nature of the fluid and using tensor analysis a general form of the constitutive equation of co-rotational type was introduced.More general model LCP-H for the fluid was developed.The unsymmetry of the shear stress was predicted by the present continuum theory for anisotropic viscoelastic fluid-LC polymer liquids.The influence of the relaxation times on material functions was specially studied.It is important to study the unsteady vibrational rotating flow with small amplitudes,as it is a best way to obtain knowledge of elasticity of the LC polymer,i.e.dynamic viscoelasticity.For the shear-unsymmetric stresses,two shear stresses were obtained thus two complex viscosities and two complex shear modulus(i.e.first and second one) were introduced by the constitutive equation which was defined by rotating shear rate introduced by author.For the two stability problems of fluid,such as stability of hydrodynamic flow and orientational motion,were discussed.The results show that the polymer suspension systems exhibit anisotropic character.The PNC systems can exhibit significant shear-thinning effects.For more concentrated polymer nano-suspensions,the first normal stress difference change from positive to negative,which is similar to LC polymer behavior.     

从语气助词的角度浅析日语表达方式的特性

日语中有着十分丰富的语气助词,其虽然不具有实际的意义,然而通过语气助词,却能够流露出说话者的心情和感受,传递出不溢于言表的隐性含义,在日常的表达中扮演着十分重要的角色.从语气助词的角度,分析总结日语在表达上所具有的特性.     

当前民办高校融资难的成因及对策

针对民办高校所需办学经费无国家财政拨款,全部为自筹资金的现状,分析了形成当前民办高校融资难的原因,既有信贷政策、银行方面的因素,也有民办高校自身的因素.提出民办高校要生存,要发展,光靠举办者投入或捐赠以及每年的学费收入是不够的,还需要积极拓展更多融资渠道解决办校融资难的问题.     

Performance of an activated carbon made from waste palm shell in simultaneous adsorption of SO<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript> and NO<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript> of flue gas at low temperature

This study examined the individual and simultaneous adsorption of SO{in{itx}} (SO{in{it2}}) and NO{in{itx}} (NO-NO{in{it2}}) on activated carbon prepared from waste palm shell. The adsorption process was examined in a fixed bed reactor at low temperatures (100\2-300\dgC). For individual adsorption without any catalytic activation, SO{in{itx}} showed good adsorption whereas NO{in{itx}} was very much poor. In the simultaneous adsorption of SO{in{itx}} and NO{in{itx}}, SO{in{itx}} showed greater adsorption affinity than NO{itx}. For palm shell activated carbon (PSAC) impregnated with metal catalyst (Ni and Ce) the concentration adsorbed profile showed that the amount of SO{in{itx}} adsorbed decreased regularly, while the amount of the adsorbed NO{in{itx}} increased irregularly. The properties of the pure and impregnated PSAC were analyzed by BET, SEM and EDX. These investigations indicated that PSAC impregnated with metal catalyst is the determining factor in the adsorption of SO{in{itx}} and NO{in{itx}} simultaneously. Supported financially by Yayasan FELDA, Malaysia (Grant No. 6050075)     

Corrosion behavior and corrosion products of a low-alloy weathering steel in Qingdao and Wanning

A newly developed low-alloy weathering steel has been exposed in two coastal sites (Qingdao in the north,Wanning in the south) in China for one year.The samples in Wanning corroded far more seriously than those in Qingdao.The rust layer formed on the steel was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscopy (SEM),N2 adsorption approach,polarization curves,and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).The rust formed in Qingdao contains more X-ray amorphous compounds and is more compact than that formed in Wanning.Cr and Cu are enriched in the rust layer near the steel matrix,and the phenome-non is more obvious in Qingdao than in Wanning.The rust layer formed in Qingdao suppresses the anodic and cathodic reaction more remarkably than that formed in Wanning does.The rust layer formed in Qingdao possesses a higher ability to block the per-meation of chloride ions than that formed in Wanning does.     

限制卖空对证券市场收益偏度和波动性影响的实证研究

证券市场上对于是否应该允许卖空交易一直存在很大的争议，研究在全球市场范围内卖空交易对整个市场收益的影响，通过建立实证模型检验限制卖空交易对证券市场收益偏度和波动性的影响，结果证明限制卖空使市场收益的偏度向负向偏离，并加大了市场收益的波动程度。最后根据实证结果提出了引入卖空交易，解决我国证券市场风险不对称问题的对策。     

西大别石榴黑云斜长片麻岩中金红石的退变质演化

以取自大别山西段七里坪的石榴黑云斜长片麻岩为例,使用矿物热力学数据库和THER-MOCALC程序（3.33版）,计算了0.3~1.5GPa和450~650°C条件下的P-T视剖面相图,讨论了该类岩石中金红石、钛铁矿与榍石矿物稳定的P-T条件,分析了该岩石从高压条件近等温降压过程中金红石的退变质作用。研究表明,金红石具有较高的稳定压力,一般大于0.75GPa,压力低时稳定范围仅局限于较低温的小区域内;榍石具有小于565°C的较低温度和0.35~1.40GPa的压力范围,榍石可与金红石共生,但其P-T条件处于榍石稳定域边缘较狭窄的范围内;在温度大于475°C、压力低于0.75GPa的区域,金红石可与钛铁矿共生,钛铁矿则稳定于温度大于570°C、压力低于0.55GPa的范围。根据金红石向钛铁矿的转变及体系含水量,约束该片麻岩角闪岩相退变质P-T条件为压力0.55~0.75GPa且温度大于570°C。     

泄漏油品在不同颗粒直径土壤中扩散范围计算

针对油品在不同颗粒直径的土壤中渗透范围计算问题,借助CFD软件建立土壤多孔介质中油水两相流动的三维流动传质耦合模型。模拟结果表明,油品在0.5mm和0.221mm较大颗粒土壤中的泄漏范围是以U形区域扩散;在0.147mm和0.098mm较小颗粒土壤中以蛋状区域扩散;在0.021mm和0.002mm微小颗粒土壤中以鸭梨状区域扩散。油品泄漏1min内,在6种土壤中的扩散速率几乎相同;泄漏1～5min之间,颗粒在0.5mm至0.021mm依次减小的5种土壤中油品扩散速率逐渐增大,0.021mm比0.5mm土壤的扩散率高约12%;颗粒小于0.021mm时,其与0.002mm在相差近10倍的情况下,扩散速率几乎相同。     

混凝土中界面的某些力学特性

本文研究了砼中界面的一些力学特性，研究表明，砼中界面常常处于力学上最不利的位置，进而成为砼中最薄弱的部分。     

1961-2014年石家庄地区降水量的时空变化特征

利用石家庄地区5个代表站1961—2014年的逐日降水资料,采用多种统计分析方法,分析了石家庄地区降水量的时空变化特征,结果表明石家庄地区年降水量从20世纪70年代开始下降,80年代达到最低,90年代有所增加,但也没有明显的上升趋势,21世纪初又开始下降.20世纪70年代降水量的减少春季和秋季贡献最大,80年代降水量的减少和90年代降水量的增加主要是夏季的贡献.石家庄地区年降水量起伏较大,1963年降水量最多,为1 038.4 mm,2014年最少,仅为276.2 mm.近54年石家庄年降水量在波动中呈现下降趋势,线性趋势为-11.0 mm/(10 a),但下降趋势并不明显.石家庄北部年降水量呈上升趋势,市区及东部、南部和西部年降水量均呈下降趋势,变化趋势均不明显.近54年,石家庄春季降水量呈上升趋势,线性趋势为0.9 mm/(10 a),夏季、秋季和冬季降水量均呈下降趋势,线性趋势分别为-11.9,-1.1和-0.3 mm/(10 a),上升或下降趋势均不明显.夏季降水减少是导致石家庄年降水减少的主要原因.石家庄四季降水量变化趋势的空间分布具有明显的季节特征和区域特征.石家庄四季降水量均存在显著周期变化.     

面向21世纪加快高工专有机化学课程改革

针对国外近年来有机化学新教材的特点和教学内容改革的大趋势,根据国家教委《关于加强普通高等专科教育工作的意见》,结合目前国内普通高等专科学校的教学现状,提出了面向21世纪国内高工专有机化学课程教改的措施和对策。     

虎眼万年青各组织部位中皂苷的分布

将虎眼万年青茎、须、叶三部位的皂苷提取液脱糖和脱色后,检测其皂苷的组成和含量差异.结果表明,各组织部位皂苷得率分别为茎中0.98 %,叶中0.71 %,须中0.43 %.TLC检测结果茎中斑点数约为10,叶中约为9,须中约为7.HPLC检测结果为茎中皂苷总数约为32种,叶中约为29种,须中约为25种.且就所选的4种组分开看,其在不同部位中的含量也不同组分1在须中含量最高,组分2和组分4在茎中含量最高,组分3在叶中含量最高.     

不同镉水平对菠菜生长及营养元素含量的影响

不同镉水平对两种菠菜澳洲大叶、新世纪全能的生长及营养元素含量影响研究结果表明:培养液中添加镉后能够抑制两种菠菜的生长,可以显著降低菠菜地上部的干重。两种菠菜地上部分及根中的镉含量随培养液中镉浓度增加而显著增加。镉主要累积在菠菜的根中。镉影响菠菜对营养元素的吸收及分配,澳洲大叶地上部的Ca、Mg、Fe和Mn的含量显著增加,新世纪全能地上部Fe含量显著增加。这种影响随着不同元素、不同植株部位及镉离子在介质中浓度的不同而有所差异,基因型间存在一定的差异。