Fe基和Al基非晶涂层制备及耐蚀性能研究

为制备性能良好的耐腐蚀涂层,用气雾化方法制备Fe基和Al基两种非晶粉末,然后采用冷喷涂工艺(CS)和大气等离子喷涂工艺(APS)分别制备非晶涂层,并利用扫描电镜(SEM), X射线衍射仪(XRD)和电化学等方法研究两种非晶涂层微观形貌、相组成和耐腐蚀性等性能。实验表明:采用冷喷涂方法制备非晶涂层非常困难,而采用大气等离子喷涂工艺制备涂层容易。因此本研究主要内容是大气等离子喷涂制备非晶涂层及涂层的耐腐蚀性能。对Fe基非晶材料而言,大功率制备的涂层耐腐蚀性能较小功率制备的好,但寿命差别不明显。最终获得7075铝合金、 Fe基和Al基非晶涂层耐3.5%(质量分数)盐水浸泡寿命分别约为1236, 1658和2147 h。从Fe基和Al基非晶材料角度看,尽管Fe基采用几种优化工艺制备,但Fe基非晶涂层耐腐蚀性能依然较Al基非晶差。相对来说,采用大气等离子喷涂工艺制备Al基非晶涂层耐腐性能较好,可对铝合金表面进行腐蚀防护,在航空、航海领域具有广阔的用途。     

45钢表面双辉制备Fe-Al合金层的研究

利用双层辉光等离子表面冶金技术,以Al为源极,45钢为阴极,在其表面形成铁铝合金层,采用SEM、EDS、XRD等分析方法研究了改性层形貌、成分及相组成特点,并对其进行了显微硬度测试.研究结果表明,改性层成分呈梯度分布,与基体结合良好,沉积层主要含有FeAl相,扩散层则由Fe3Al α-Fe(Al)组成.     

铁 铬 铝合金中铬的第三组元作用

 研究了Fe 10Al、Fe 5Cr 10Al和Fe 10Cr 10Al合金在1 000 ℃的氧化行为，利用电子显微镜和俄歇电子谱分析了合金表面氧化膜的形貌及组成。讨论了三元Fe Cr Al合金形成保护性氧化膜的机理，对于不发生铝的内氧化情况提出了合金中第三组元铬的作用机制：在氧化初始阶段，铬与合金中其它两组元——铁和铝一起氧化形成各自的氧化物，铬在氧化膜内最大含量的位置处于铁和铝的最大含量位置之间；铬降低了氧化膜内的铁含量，提高了初期氧化膜的保护性，从而促进选择性氧化铝膜的形成。     

5182合金成分优化研究

采用正交试验方法设计了不同成分的5182合金,通过研究其显微组织和性能,对5182合金成分进行优化。结果表明,在5182铝合金中主要存在有Mg2Si、Mg2Al3和(Fe Mn)Al6三种析出相,当5182铝合金中Mg含量达到4.5%、Fe为0.35%、Mn含量为0.35%时,其性能最佳。     

渗铝液Fe含量对镶圈铝合金活塞铝铁结合区的影响

研究不同Fe含量的渗铝液成分对镶嵌活塞铁铝粘结层的组织及性能的影响,采用金相显微镜及扫描电镜观察结合区的组织形貌,采用显微硬度计及压力机测定结合区的硬度和粘接强度。结果表明:活塞铝铁结合区的形成包括铝原子向铸铁环的扩散及铁原子向铝基体的溶解过程;结合区主要由Fe2Al5相和FeAl3相组成;渗铝液中铁含量增加时,铝铁结合层厚度明显下降;结合区硬度显著高于高镍铸铁环及铝合金活塞基体,且随渗铝液铁含量增加,结合区硬度较高;结合层粘接强度随渗铝液铁含量的增加,呈先增后减的趋势。     

Fe—Si电工钢中Al含量的极限范围

Al 作为一种合金化元素广泛地用于 Fe—Si 无取向电工钢中。这种情况下的 Al 对铁损的影响比它对各向异性、磁致伸缩和电阻的影响要大得多。这么大的影响当然与析出相结构的变化有关。在这项试验中,Fe—Si—Al 析出相结构含有不同的 Al 量,用透射扫描电镜研究了由不同工艺产生的 Al 量。研究发现,铁损尤其与0.1μm 直径的析出相数量有关,采用一次性标准化的退火工艺,Al 的有效含量可达到0.5％。     

铁酸盐粘结相熔化速率及对烧结强度的影响

 考察了添加SiO2和Al2O3对铁酸钙（铁酸一钙CaO·Fe2O3和二铁酸钙CaO·2Fe2O3）熔化速率的影响。同时考察了铁酸盐添加SiO2和Al2O3对以其为粘结相的烧结试样强度的影响。试验结果表明：铁酸一钙中添加SiO2和Al2O3促进了熔体的形成;而二铁酸钙添加SiO2和Al2O3则抑制了其熔体的形成。在CF中添加SiO2和Al2O3对烧结试样强度的影响中,当添加w(SiO2)=2%和w(Al2O3)=4%时获得相对较大的烧结强度;而在CF2中添加SiO2和Al2O3则对烧结试样强度有不利影响。     

制备铁基高温合金多孔材料的新方法

向Fe-Cr-W-Ti-Y合金粉末中添加原子比为3∶1的Fe/Al混合粉末,利用Kirkendall效应和Fe、Al反应造孔制备铁基高温合金多孔材料.研究Fe/Al混合粉末的添加量对Fe-Cr-W-Ti-Y高温多孔材料开孔隙率及孔结构的影响.结果表明,加入Fe/Al混合粉末能显著提高烧结坯的开孔隙率,但并非所加Fe/Al混合粉末含量越多越好,Fe/Al混合粉末质量分数为15％时,烧结坯开孔隙率达到最大值33％.Fe/Al混合粉添加量在15％～45％范围内,随Fe/Al混合粉末含量增加烧结坯的开孔隙率下降.     

第二组元对铁基高温合金显微组织的影响

采用气体雾化法制备Fe-12Cr-2.5W-0.4Ti-0.25(Y2O3)铁基合金粉末,分别在该粉末中添加1%Al粉和1%Fe2O3粉,在1 250℃下热挤压,随后在1 050℃热处理。通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜和光学显微镜等研究Al和Fe2O3对铁基合金热挤压和热处理态显微组织的影响。结果表明:与基体合金相比,Al的添加可促进铁素体基体中元素的扩散,导致晶粒尺寸增大,同时由于Fe、Al互扩散系数的差异引起柯肯达尔效应,使合金孔隙度增大;添加Fe2O3后合金的孔隙度更大,氧化物和大量残余孔隙阻碍晶粒长大,因而晶粒尺寸减小。3种合金在1 050℃进行热处理时晶粒的长大规律均满足BECK方程,添加Al可提高合金的晶粒生长指数,而添加Fe2O3则相反。     

2D70耐热铝合金铸态组织研究

利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、能谱分析、X射线物相分析、透射电子显微镜研究了2D70耐热铝合金半连续铸锭的铸态组织.研究结果表明:2D70耐热铝合金铸态组织为粗大枝晶组织,枝晶间蜂窝状共晶相为AL,A12CuMg/A12Cu,合金中含有大量块状相和条状相,能谱分析显示为含Fe,Ni相,铸态合金中Cu,Fe,Ni元素偏析严重.合金铸态相主要为а(Al),S(Al2CuMg),0(Al2Cu),Al7Cu2Fe,Al7Cu4Ni,Al9FeNi相.     

熔炼次数对M17返回料合金成分、组织和性能的影响

实验结果表明,M17铸造高温合金(%:0.16C、8.79Cr、5.79A1、4.93Ti、3.29Mo、15.20Co、0.78V、0.015B、0.073Zr、0.002S、0.001P、0.001 1O、0.001 0N)经25 kg真空感应炉返回重熔后,Si含量随重熔次数的增加而略有增加,合金中主要元素和其它杂质元素S、P、H的含量变化不大,而氧、氮略有增加;合金中初生碳化物由新合金中的草书体逐渐向返回合金块状转变,初生碳化物的遗传性堵塞合金凝固时的补缩通道,使返回料合金的疏松倾向增大,高温塑性下降较大。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.