波长小于10nm的软X射线多层膜制备技术

软X射线短波段区域(1～10nm)高反射率多层膜的制备对软X射线光学的研究具有十分重要的意义.该波段要求镀膜过程中能减小界面扩散,实现膜厚控制,从而严格限制了制备技术的应用.介绍了软X射线短波段多层膜的发展现状和制备技术,主要包括蒸发沉积、溅射沉积、脉冲激光沉积技术和激光分子束外延,对这些方法进行了比较并提出了今后的研究方向.     

以W为中间层的C/W多层膜的微观结构及性能研究

利用非平衡磁控溅射技术在钢基体上制备以W为中间层的C/W多层膜,使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对镀层的表面形貌,相组成及截面微观结构进行分析;测试镀层的膜基结合强度和摩擦性能.结果表明:C/W多层膜是由非晶碳和WC纳米晶组成的复合镀层,具有明显的层状结构,周期厚度为6.5...     

极紫外/软X射线多层膜衍射光栅

多层膜光栅是集多层膜的高反射率与光栅的高光谱分辨于一身的新型光学元件,它的出现使得在极紫外/软X射线(EUV/SXR)波段采用非掠入射、高光谱分辨率的分光元件成为可能.对多层膜光栅的衍射特性进行了分析,这些衍射特性使多层膜光栅能够作为核心部件,实现很多新颖的EUV/SXR光谱仪器,如窄带X-UV单色仪与多色仪.近年来,多层膜光栅的制备领域不断地出现新的思想与方法,同时多层膜光栅的实际应用也不断增多.多层膜光栅作为一种重要的光学元件,在天文学、物理学和材料科学等领域具有广泛的用途.介绍了多层膜光栅在众多研究领域中的应用.     

30.4 nm Si/C多层膜反射镜的制备与测量

采用离子束溅射镀膜装置制备了一种新的材料组合Si/C多层膜 ,用于 30 4nm波段的正入射多层膜反射镜。并用软X射线反射率计测得其反射比最大值为 0 14。有效地抑制了 15 0nm处的二级衍射峰。     

磁控溅射法制备Mo/B4C软X射线多层膜

用DC和RF磁控溅射法制备出了波长小于 10nm波段的Mo/B4 C软X射线多层膜反射镜。掠入射X射线衍射仪的测量结果表明 ,磁控溅射法有很高的控制精度 ,制备出的Mo/B4 C软X射线多层膜周期结构非常好 ,表 (界 )面粗糙度非常小 ,约为 0 4nm。     

用于软X光反射镜的Ni/C、Mo/Si多层膜的制备

本文介绍了用石英晶体振荡膜厚速率监控法,制备用于软X光反射镜的Ni/C、Mo/Si多层膜的工艺过程。制备了一系列周期厚度45—75(?),层数多至50层的多层膜样品,并利用X光小角衍射(Cu kα线:1.54(?))、俄歇电子能谱(AES)、透射电子显微镜(TEM),测试和分析它们的周期结构、界面状况、膜层内各元素包括杂质的成分分布,最后对所设计的Mo/Si膜系做了软X光反射特性的理论模拟计算。     

用光学全息方法研制软X射线Bragg-Fresnel光学元件

介绍了软X射线Bragg Fresnel光学元件的特点 ,并以磁控溅射法制备多层膜 ,再采用光学全息方法在涂有光刻胶的多层膜表面上形成波带片图形 ,通过显影、离子束刻蚀完成元件的制作     

采用改进型多弧离子镀膜设备镀制装饰膜层的研究

针对目前国内多弧离子镀膜领域存在的智能化水平不高和大颗粒污染问题,我们通过设备改进,增加了可编程逻辑控制器和磁过滤器.以装饰镀膜中常用的二氧化钛膜为研究对象,对比了设备改进前后膜层的性能.X射线衍射测试表明所制备的二氧化钛膜层为金红石相.改进后的设备制备的膜层基本看不到大颗粒的存在,且膜层的绿色更加鲜艳.同时,由于设备的智能化水平提高,使得产品的性能非常稳定,随机抽取的5个样品不论从外观看还是通过反射率测试,性能几乎一样.     

不同B/C摩尔比碳化硼薄膜的光学性能

多层膜反射镜是X射线波段和极紫外波段的重要光学部件.碳化硼作为常见的反射膜材料,其薄膜成分及光学常数计算的准确性对反射镜的反射性能具有明显影响.本研究使用直流磁控溅射技术制备碳化硼薄膜,利用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、X射线全反射(XRR)、原子力显微镜(AFM)和同步辐射光源等对试样进行了表征,利用改进的拟合函数拟合了基底和薄膜的反射率曲线.结果表明,非晶碳化硼薄膜的元素化学状态相同,其基本成分包含碳化硼和含氧碳化硼;在5～45 nm波段,薄膜B/C摩尔比为4.23时,反射性能最好,同时其基底与薄膜的电子密度差值最大,试样反射性能变化与试样电子密度差值变化基本一致;与原始拟合函数相比,改进的拟合函数提高了薄膜光学常数计算的准确性.     

调制比对C/C多层膜结构及性能的影响

考察了C(硬)/C(软)调制比对多层膜结构和性能的影响。采用磁过滤直流阴极真空弧源沉积技术制备了C/C多层膜,通过Raman光谱对多层膜的结构进行了表征;用硬度计和销盘式摩擦磨损试验机测试了多层膜的硬度及摩擦学性能。结果表明:所制备的多层膜呈现类金刚石结构并具有良好的耐磨性,其摩擦系数均小于0.15;随多层膜中软膜比例的增大,薄膜中sp2簇的数量逐渐增多,薄膜显维硬度呈现下降趋势,多层膜的耐磨性能下降。     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to     

Win-Win Cooperation

正The Chinese Premier Li Keqiang's recent trip to the UK has reinforced the China-UK comprehensive strategic partnership;just as the British Prime Minister David Cameron put it,"the relationship is gaining in strength,depth and understanding"after a bucket of business deals being inked worth more than 30 billion US dollars.From the first agreement signing in 2004 to the new agreement of mutual standards recognition and adoption in     

Systematic Approach for Emerging Industry

正A national directory of standards complexes for strategic emerging sectors was recently developed and released jointly by 12governmental departments,namely,SAC,NDRC,MOST,MIIT,MEP,MOA,AQSIQ,State Forest Administration,State Administration of Science and Technology for National Defense,State Oceanic Administration and National Railway Administration.     

Strictest Pollutants Emission Standards

正Four new national standards on air pollutant emission control offi cially issued by the Ministry of Environment Protection(MEP)together with AQSIQ and SAC has been brought into force from July 1,2014.The Emission standard for air pollutants of coal-burning,oil-burning and gasfi red boilers,which is the strictest emission standard historically,will tackle the stubborn pollution problem of boilers and waste incineration in most of China’s regions.     

Instructions to Authors

New Carbon Materials is a bimonthly journal published with the permission of the Ministry of Science and Technology and of the State News and Publication Agency.The journal is sponsored by the Institute of Coal Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and is published by Science Press.Aims and Scope     

Progress on Standards Copyright Protection

正Recently,National Copyright Administration of China(NCAC)has rewarded 215 organizations and 179 individuals for their outstanding efforts on investigating standards copyright infringement and piracy in 2013.Hua Jianhua,the Deputy-Director of National Standards Copyright Protection Workgroup Office won a third prize of the national individual award.In 2012,SAC set up the national standards copyright protection working group,and developed policies to crack down standards infringement and piracy behaviors and to strengthen standards copyright protection.