《润滑与密封》2007年总目次

题目试验研究作者期磨合试验及磨合吸引子初探朱华葛世荣李刚吕亮(1)非牛顿介质中图形化表面对减阻效果的影响李笑迪陈皓生陈大融汪家道(1)轴承-转子系统自激振动及迟滞、跳跃现象孟志强孟光朱均袁小阳(1)钢轨滚动磨损性能试验研究张伟王文健郭俊李克皋刘启跃(1)低压差驱动下中等半径比内轴高旋圆柱间轴流量的数值计算袁艳平吉洪湖杜雁霞(1)超音速等离子喷涂12Co-WC涂层的组织及在含细沙油润滑条件下的摩擦学性能杜令忠徐滨士杨华张伟刚(1)迷宫气封齿高对转子动力学系数的影响成玫孟光荆建平(1)船舶艉轴密封环机械变形有限元分析严国平刘…     

超音速火焰喷涂锡青铜-钢基双金属材料摩擦性能

采用超音速火焰喷涂QWFSn8Zn3粉末制备钢背双金属材料。研究不同润滑介质、不同表面粗糙度和不同摩擦载荷对超音速喷涂锡青铜-钢基涂层摩擦性能的影响。分析锡青铜涂层的磨损形貌和磨损机制。研究结果表明:抗磨液压油润滑条件下,涂层有最小的摩擦因数0.093,30#润滑油、液体石蜡和固体MoS2润滑下涂层摩擦因数分别为0.099、0.107和0.099;随表面粗糙度减小,喷涂锡青铜-钢基涂层摩擦因数逐渐减小;随着摩擦载荷的增加,喷涂层摩擦因数逐渐减小;不同润滑介质条件下,涂层存在磨粒磨损、黏着磨损和疲劳磨损共同作用的磨损机制。     

HEPJet高铝青铜涂层滑动干摩擦条件下的摩擦磨损性能

主要研究了超音速等离子喷涂（HEPJet）高铝青铜（Cu-14Al-X）涂层滑动干摩擦条件下的摩擦磨损性能.在45钢表面采用HEPJet技术制备Cu-14Al-X涂层,在MMW-1万能摩擦磨损试验机上进行滑动干摩擦试验.涂层的硬度和磨损表面形貌分别用显微硬度计、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）测定.     

等离子喷涂陶瓷涂层在高温（450℃）下的摩擦磨损机理分析

本文用SEM观察分析了等离子喷涂陶瓷涂层（Metco136F,Metco80NS,Metco102,Metco105,Metco202NS,国产Al 2O 3）在高温无油和有油润滑下的摩擦磨损机理。发现陶瓷涂层仍会象金属摩擦副那样出现疲劳脱落、塑性形变、粘着撕裂。450℃时的干摩擦系数比有油润滑的摩擦系数高得多,且磨损表面形貌和磨损机理与有油润滑时大为不同。干磨擦是较易出现粘着磨损,而有润滑时则较难出现。     

粘结固体润滑涂层在油润滑条件下的摩擦学性能

为了探讨粘结MoS2基固体润滑涂层在油润滑条件下的抗磨减摩性能,采用MHK-500型摩擦磨损试验机对粘结MoS2基固体润滑涂层在4种常用油(液体石蜡、RP-3煤油、4050滑油和CD-40柴油)润滑下的摩擦磨损性能进行了研究,考察了速度和载荷对润滑涂层在4种不同的常用油润滑下的摩擦磨损性能。结果表明,在低载荷(320N)试验条件下,4种常用油润滑下涂层的耐磨性比干摩擦下得到显著的提高,摩擦因数从0.12降低到0.08左右;但在高载荷(1100N)下,油润滑对涂层的摩擦磨损性能没有明显的改善。只有在合适的载荷下,固/油复合润滑技术可明显改善摩擦副的润滑性能。     

铁基材料表面粘结润滑涂层摩擦学性能研究

为改善铁基粉末冶金材料的摩擦磨损性能,在其表面制备了复合粘结润滑涂层,分别在干摩擦和油润滑条件下进行摩擦磨损试验与分析,结果表明:石墨、二硫化钼两者有协同作用,复合粘结润滑涂层具有良好的润滑减摩性能,油润滑条件下,涂层以石墨含量较多者为佳,干摩擦条件下,涂层以MoS2含量较多者为佳,采用硅烷偶联剂处理后,进一步提高了复合涂层的减摩耐磨性能和承载能力.     

固体润滑涂层在干摩擦及有油条件下的摩擦磨损性能

采用MRH-3环块磨损试验机对FM-510二硫化钼润滑涂层在于摩擦及有油条件下进行了摩擦磨损性能的考察和评价,评价结果表明：该涂层在干摩擦条件下具有低的摩擦系数、高的承载能力和长的耐磨寿命,摩擦系数随负荷增高而降低,随速度提高也降低。摩擦偶对双面涂膜比单面涂膜有更长的耐磨寿命,速度低时涂层的磨耗小,寿命长,可满足特定条件下的干摩擦工作要求,在有油润滑条件下二硫化钼基的FM-510润滑涂层可显减轻对偶磨损程度,摩擦系数比单独使用油润滑时大大降低。在难以形成连续的流体润滑薄膜,亦即不能形成流体动力润滑的情况下。摩擦偶对涂敷固体润滑涂层是解决其润滑问题的有效方案。     

高效能超音速等离子喷涂技术的研究与开发应用

根据“高效能、超音速”等离子喷涂枪的设计指导思想，对超音速等离子喷涂枪的枪体、水路、气路、阴阳极结构及送粉结构进行了全新设计，利用等离子体物理学、流体力学和工程热力学的理论设计了独特的单阳极Laval喷嘴。通过对该喷涂枪和制备的涂层性能测试研究表明，该喷涂枪实现了低功率（＜80kW）、小气体流量（＜6m^3/h)条件下的高效能超音速等离子喷涂，在有效喷涂距离内的粒子飞行速度达450m/s。喷枪的主要性能指标：焰流速度、粉末沉积效率、涂层与能耗比、电极的性价比均达到或超过了美国TAFA公司的PlazJet高能高速等离子喷涂枪。制造陶瓷涂层的结合强度、孔隙率、显微硬度等性能明显优于METCO.9M普通等离子喷，但运行成本仅为国外超音速PlazJet等离子喷涂的一半。高效能超音速等离子喷涂技术在工业、国防、航空的功能领域具有广阔的应用前景。     

发动机活塞用ZL109铝合金表面等离子喷涂镍基合金涂层的耐磨性能

采用等离子喷涂技术在发动机活塞用ZL109铝合金表面制备Ni60CuMo合金涂层,研究了涂层的微观形貌、物相组成、显微硬度以及不同条件下的耐磨性能。结果表明：涂层由富铬区和富镍区交替重叠构成,与基体间的结合方式为机械结合;涂层的孔隙率为2.48%,平均显微硬度为792.91 HV,约为基体的6倍以上;随试验温度由25℃升高至450℃,涂层的摩擦因数和磨损质量损失均降低,450℃油润滑下涂层的平均摩擦因数为0.037,磨损质量损失为7.35 mg,仅为基体的1/4左右;随试验温度的升高,干摩擦下涂层的磨损机制由剥落失效转变为氧化磨损与黏着磨损,油润滑下由磨粒磨损转变为磨粒磨损和黏着磨损,最后转变为黏着磨损。     

等离子喷涂WC-12Co涂层滑移区高温微动磨损特性研究

利用等离子喷涂技术在TiAlZr钛合金基材上制备了WC-12Co涂层.XRD分析表明,等离子喷涂WC-12Co涂层主要以WC和W2C两相存在,并伴随少量的W,CoO和Co相.采用高精度高温液压式微动磨损试验机研究了涂层的微动磨损行为,用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、激光共焦扫描显微镜(LCSM)对等离子喷涂WC-12Co涂层大气氛围中从室温(25 ℃)至400 ℃的滑移区微动磨损特性进行了研究,并与无涂层的TiAlZr钛合金基材进行了比较.结果表明:在室温(25 ℃)至400 ℃范围内,等离子喷涂WC-12Co涂层的摩擦因数随着温度的升高明显上升,而磨损体积基本不变;在此温度范围内,涂层的摩擦因数比基材低,磨损体积也比基材明显要低;等离子喷涂WC-12Co涂层提高了TiAlZr钛合金的抗高温微动磨损性能,其在室温(25 ℃)至400 ℃范围内的磨损机制主要以剥层形式为主,局部会有磨粒磨损.     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

交通荷载作用下桥梁结构参数识别方法

应用动力节点加载法,将作用在桥梁上的交通荷载转化为等效节点荷载,再用两步构造法识别结构物理参数.第1步,用Newmark-β方法变换结构运动方程,并用结构的加速度响应求得变换空间内的位移、速度和加速度响应;第2步,基于最小二乘原理,构造出变换空间内求解结构参数的递推式,进行结构物理参数识别.数值模拟结果表明,在交通荷载作用下,该方法能够快速、准确地进行桥梁结构参数识别.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection method and comparison in acoustic communication

RLS and LMS blind adaptive multi-user detection algorithm and multi-user detector was proposed to solve the problem of multi-user signal detection problem encountered in underwater acoustic communication networks.In simulation analysis,RLS and the LMS blind adaptive multi-user detector were designed and tested for synchronous and asynchronous multi-user communication process.The results of SIR comparison and MMSE comparison show that,both of the two methods can realize blind adaptive detection when any user change in multi-user communication,during this process,the training communication sequences are not needed.The RLS algorithm has about 5 dB higher in SIR compared with LMS algorithm,and the convergence velocity of RLS algorithm is also higher than LMS algorithm when the communication users change.RLS algorithm has better ability in multi-user detection than that of LMS algorithm,and it has great attraction and guiding significance for solving the problem of multiple access interference(MAI) in multi-user communication.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...