Fatigue behavior of a SAE 1045 steel coated with Colmonoy 88 alloy deposited by HVOF thermal spray

An investigation has been conducted in order to study the fatigue behavior of a SAE 1045 steel substrate coated with a Ni-base alloy known commercially as Colmonoy 88, deposited by HVOF spray technique. Fatigue tests were conducted under axial conditions (R = 0.1), employing samples of the substrate material in the as-polished condition, after grit blasting with alumina particles and after grit blasting and coating with a deposit of about 250 μm thick. The fatigue tests were conducted at maximum stresses in the range of 380-533 MPa, depending on the condition of the material. A detailed fractographic analysis of some selected samples tested at different stresses was carried out, aimed mainly at determining the crack nucleation and propagation sequence. The results indicate that the deposition of such a coating leads to a fatigue strength debit of the substrate in the range of 10-20% and a similar debit in fatigue limit of ∼ 11-13%. It has been found that grit blasting is the process responsible for the fatigue strength debit observed in the coated samples. Fatigue cracks have been observed to initiate at the substrate-coating interface and at the free surface of the coating, mainly close to alumina particles embedded on the substrate and sharp notches produced during the process. The fractographic analysis of the fracture surface of the coated specimens points out the characteristic heterogeneous nature of the coating, particularly regarding some of its mechanical properties, such as fracture toughness.     

Fatigue crack initiation for Al-Zn-Mg alloy welded joint

To investigate fatigue crack initiation characteristics of Al-Zn-Mg alloy welded joint, notched specimens were used in fatigue test for the base metal, welding bead and heat affected zone (HAZ). The fatigue fracture surface near the fatigue crack initiation site was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the differences of fatigue crack initiation life among base metal, welding bead and HAZ are not obvious. Inhomogeneity in microstructure and mechanical performance of HAZ influences the fatigue crack initiation life. The ratio of fatigue crack initiation life (Ni) to fatigue failure life (Nf) for the base metal, welding bead and HAZ of A7N01 aluminium alloy welded joint are 26.32%, 40.21% and 60.67%, respectively. Fatigue crack initiation life can be predicted using a uniform model. Observation of fatigue fracture surfaces shows that for the welding bead a fatigue crack initiates from the smooth surface due to the welding process, the blowhole in HAZ causes fatigue crack and the crushed second phase particles play an important role in fatigue crack initiation for the base metal.     

Fatigue properties of friction stir welded joint of ultrafine-grained 2024 aluminium alloy

Ultrafine-grained (UFG) 2024 aluminium alloy prepared by the equal channel angular pressing was friction stir welded (FSW). The high cycle fatigue and crack growth behaviour of the FSW joint were investigated in air and NaCl solution, respectively. This study demonstrated that FSW was a viable technique for joining UFG materials. The UFG microstructure was retained in the nugget zone (NZ). Compared with the UFG base metal (BM), FSW joint exhibited lower ultimate tensile strength and hardness, and the minimum hardness value was located in the heat affected zone (HAZ). NaCl solution significantly reduced the fatigue strength of FSW joint. Fatigue crack propagation rates in the NZ and HAZ were slower than that in the BM in the whole fatigue life.     

7050铝合金FSW接头微区低周疲劳裂纹扩展行为

对5 mm厚铝合金7050搅拌摩擦焊接头微区进行了低周疲劳裂纹扩展试验,研究了焊核区、前进侧及后退侧热力影响区的疲劳裂纹扩展行为. 结果表明,焊核区的疲劳裂纹扩展速率最快,前进侧热力影响区次之,后退侧热力影响区最慢. 焊核区疲劳裂纹呈沿晶与穿晶混合方式扩展,热力影响区的裂纹主要以穿晶方式进行扩展. 裂纹偏转或裂纹产生分支是热力影响区疲劳裂纹扩展速率降低的原因. 疲劳裂纹扩展初期,焊核区断口有疲劳辉纹出现;热力影响区断口并没有找到疲劳辉纹,而是出现了轮胎压痕花样. 疲劳裂纹稳态扩展期,焊核区和热力影响区断口均有疲劳辉纹.     

5A06铝合金及其焊接接头的疲劳断裂行为

对5A06防锈铝合金及其焊接接头疲劳性能断裂行为进行研究,采用疲劳试验、光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜等手段对5A06铝合金的疲劳性能、金相组织、裂纹扩展特征和疲劳断口进行分析。结果表明:在循环次数为2×106时,铝合金母材、对接接头、横向十字、侧面连接和纵向十字接头的疲劳性能分别为99.97、70.96、57.48、48.20和41.80 MPa;铝合金母材疲劳裂纹起裂于截面最小部位,对接接头和横向十字接头裂纹起裂于焊趾等应力集中部位,裂纹沿着热影响区扩展;侧面连接接头裂纹起裂于两板连接处应力集中部位,纵向十字接头裂纹起裂于热影响区;微观裂纹为沿晶和穿晶混合的扩展特征。对母材及其焊接接头的宏观断口呈暗灰色纤维状,具有一定的塑性;接头的微观断口具有准解理特征,断口中存在球状孔洞、疲劳条纹和韧窝,并存在二次裂纹。     

7055喷射成形高强铝合金激光焊接头组织及性能

采用激光焊接对2 mm厚喷射成形的7055-T76511铝合金进行焊接试验。通过显微硬度和拉伸试验测试焊接接头的力学性能,通过光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、背散射电子衍射技术(EBSD)以及X射线衍射(XRD)分析焊接接头的微观组织。结果表明,7055铝合金激光焊接头无明显的软化区,焊缝显微硬度最低,约为130~140 HV,接头的抗拉强度372 MPa,伸长率4.1%。焊缝组织有明显的三个区(热影响区、熔合区和焊缝区)。热影响区组织是产生了部分再结晶的等轴晶粒;熔合区由于非均匀形核形成了等轴非枝晶区(non-dendritic equiaxed grain zone,EQZ),晶粒尺寸3~8μm;焊缝区靠近熔合线为柱状枝晶,中心为胞状枝晶。     

A7N01铝合金焊接接头的疲劳特性及寿命预测(英文)

研究A7N01铝合金焊接接头的疲劳特性,提出基于疲劳裂纹萌生寿命的寿命预测模型。母材、热影响区和焊缝三个区域内的疲劳裂纹萌生寿命差异较小。在这三个区域内,疲劳裂纹萌生寿命与疲劳总寿命之比是一个依赖于材料的参数,对于母材、热影响区和焊缝分别为26.32%、40.21%和60.67%。提出的疲劳寿命预测模型与实验结果和Basquin’s模型预测结果吻合良好。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对疲劳断口进行观察,发现焊缝区域的裂纹萌生于焊接过程中产生的光滑表面。热影响区内疲劳裂纹萌生于熔合区气孔。母材中破碎的第二相是引起疲劳裂纹的主要原因。     

喷熔修形后的焊接接头残余应力有限元分析

采用Ni60合金粉末对Q235B钢焊态十字接头进行了氧—乙炔火焰喷熔处理,同时进行了高频疲劳试验.分析认为喷熔修形改善了焊接接头的几何外形.喷熔修形态十字接头在2×106循环周次下的疲劳强度比原始焊态提高了64.5%.基于氧—乙炔火焰喷熔工艺参数,采用ANSYS12.0软件对喷熔过程进行了热-应力耦合的有限元模拟,分析...     

7020铝合金型材的疲劳行为及微观机制

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、扫描透射电镜和电子背散射衍射等分析方法研究了 7020铝合金型材疲劳行为及微观机制.结果表明在应力比R为0、疲劳极限寿命取107周次时,合金疲劳强度为232.9 MPa.疲劳裂纹尖端应力强度因子△K=8 MPa·m1/2时,裂纹扩展速率约为6.44×10-5 mm/cycle.合金中尺寸在3～...     

Producing NiCrAl alloy by the SHS method for use in thermal spray powder manufacturing

A series of Ni alloys containing 36.15–44.54 wt.% Cr and 2.0–13.50 wt.% Al was synthesized by Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis (SHS) using a mixture of NiO, Cr₂O₃ and Al powders in order to obtain low-cost starting materials for thermal spray powder production. The experiments were carried out with the addition of an excess stoichiometric amount of Al between 0 % and 30 %. Additions of CaO and CaF₂ were also done to remove sulfur from the alloy and to investigate the effect on metal recovery. Thermochemical simulations of the SHS processes were examined with the FactSage program. The products were characterized by chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and microhardness techniques.     

AZ31镁合金双面对称搅拌摩擦焊接头疲劳性能

针对搅拌摩擦单面焊两侧热输入不均匀性导致疲劳强度低的问题,采用双面对称搅拌摩擦焊方法对10 mm厚的AZ31镁合金板材进行焊接,并研究其疲劳性能. 结果表明,双面对称搅拌摩擦焊接头的屈服强度为130 MPa,与单面焊的屈服强度123 MPa相比提高了5%;其疲劳极限为88 MPa,比单面焊接头的50 MPa提高了76%;双面对称接头疲劳裂纹萌生在上/下侧的前进侧位置,并跨越上/下侧焊缝交界面,最终在下/上侧焊缝的后退侧RS区域瞬断,其疲劳断口均为以解理特征为主的脆性断裂. 双面对称焊接头其中一面应变范围与单面搅拌摩擦焊的应变较高的后退侧接近. 通过双面搅拌摩擦焊接的镁合金接头疲劳强度得到了大幅度提升,疲劳寿命得到了延长.     

火焰喷焊G302合金粉末涂层的组织和性能

采用G302合金粉末在调质处理的27SiMn钢基体表面进行火焰喷焊,利用金相显微镜观察了喷焊层的截面组织;利用SEM能谱分析仪分析了喷焊层表面的成分分布;利用显微硬度计和磨粒磨损试验机分别分析测试了喷焊层的截面硬度和耐磨损性能,并与镀铬层进行对比。结果表明：喷焊涂层与基体结合良好,喷焊层合金成分均匀,组织为细小的枝状晶和等轴晶。性能与镀铬层相比,喷焊层的耐磨粒磨损性能约为镀铬涂层的1.1倍。     

Preparation of large size aluminium alloy cylindrical preforms by multi-layer spray deposition

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Fatigue behavior of a 4140 steel coated with a NiMoAl deposit applied by HVOF thermal spray

The fatigue behavior of a quenched and tempered AISI 4140 steel has been investigated in three different conditions: as-polished, as-grit blasted with Al₂O₃ particles and as-coated, after grit blasting, with a deposit of Ni–Al–Mo alloy (Metco 447) of approximately 300 μm in thickness, applied by HVOF thermal spraying. It has been determined that after grit blasting with particles of 20 mesh (83 μm) at a pressure of 345 kPa, a significant decrease in the fatigue properties of the material takes place. It has also been observed that such particles, are retained at the substrate surface during blasting and become stress concentrators that enhance the nucleation of fatigue cracks. The latter give rise to a decrease in the fatigue strength of the blasted material. Further coating of the grit blasted specimens with a deposit of Metco 447 of approximately 300 μm thick, applied by HVOF thermal spraying, leads to a further reduction in the fatigue strength of the material. Under these conditions, the fatigue cracks are also nucleated at the alumina particles retained after blasting. It is believed that such a further decrease is mainly associated with two different causes. Firstly, the extensive fracture and delamination of the coating from the substrate which has been observed from the microscopic analysis. Secondly, the possible existence of tensile residual stresses in the substrate, in the vicinity of the substrate–deposit interface, which would assist in the propagation of the fatigue cracks nucleated at the alumina particles. The fatigue properties of the steel substrate in the three different conditions investigated, has been described in terms of the simple parametric relationship earlier proposed by Basquin.     

铁547B合金热啧熔技术的应用研究

用氧一乙炔焰加熔剂助熔一步法在12Cr1MoV珠光体耐热钢和25号钢高温高压阀门密封面基体上喷熔铁547B合金粉末,对喷熔工艺和喷熔层的硬度、时效硬化特性、热耐久性能、抗擦伤性能等使用性能进行了较系统的试验研究.试验证明:用喷熔铁547B合金粉末工艺修复电站高温高压阀门密封面裂纹是可行的.     

油气工程用Inconel 718合金激光焊接头的氢脆行为

采用激光焊接工艺,对油气工程用4 mm厚经1030 ℃×2 h固溶+780 ℃×8 h时效和1030 ℃×2 h固溶+780 ℃×16 h时效两种热处理后的Inconel 718合金进行激光焊接,结合微观组织分析、拉伸性能分析和断口形貌分析,对合金母材及激光焊接头在原位充氢条件下的氢脆行为进行了研究。结果表明:长时间时效导致δ相大量析出,使合金母材的氢脆敏感性指数从正常时效态的0.27提高到过时效态的0.48。激光焊接头整体的氢脆敏感性没有受焊前热处理的影响,分别为0.39和0.38;由于焊缝内Laves相的析出,导致激光焊接头的氢脆敏感性高于正常时效态的母材。     

7N01S-T5铝合金焊接接头疲劳性能

对MIG焊接得到的板厚为10 mm的7N01S-T5铝合金焊接接头进行疲劳试验,研究其疲劳性能,通过对疲劳试验后的试样进行金相组织观察和断口SEM观察,分析其疲劳试验前后显微组织变化以及断裂的原因。结果表明,7N01铝合金焊接接头的疲劳极限为111.6 MPa,经过疲劳试验的焊接接头断裂在硬度值最低的焊缝处,裂纹沿垂直于焊缝柱状晶的方向扩展。疲劳源处未见明显的夹渣、气孔等缺陷。焊缝处析出相聚集在晶界,部分区域出现了液化裂纹。     

铝合金钎焊接头金相组织

铝合金钎焊接头金相组织$哈尔滨焊接研究所!(150080)@郭力力 $哈尔滨焊接研究所!(150080)@于捷 $哈尔滨焊接研究所!(150080)@孙秀芳 $山东淄博学院!(255091)@姜英     

AZ31B镁合金及其焊接接头的疲劳断裂机理

对AZ31B镁合金进行疲劳实验,在2×106循环次数下,母材、对接接头、横向十字接头和侧面连接接头的疲劳强度分别为66.72,39.00,24.38和24.40MPa。采用光学显微镜对裂纹扩展特征进行分析,结果表明,AZ31B母材的疲劳裂纹宏观扩展路径平滑,但微观观察发现疲劳裂纹扩展方向曲弯,有些裂纹分成两岔;裂纹尖端扩展均为沿晶扩展。焊接接头裂纹均在焊趾部位起裂,对接接头和横线十字接头的裂纹沿着热影响区扩展;侧面连接接头的裂纹起裂位于焊脚部位。采用扫描电子显微镜对疲劳断裂机理进行分析。疲劳断口由准解理或解理台阶组成,均为脆性断裂,断口中存在二次裂纹,对接接头中存在疲劳条纹,其间距约为5μm。     

AA6082铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头疲劳扩展速率

研究了6082-T6铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头不同位置的疲劳裂纹扩展速率,并分析了接头的组织及疲劳断口形貌。试验结果表明,疲劳裂纹扩展速率最快的区域为接头焊核细晶区;当裂纹在热影响区扩展时,在较小的应力强度因子范围(ΔK)条件下,裂纹的扩展速率低于其在母材中的扩展速率,伴随着ΔK的逐渐增加,裂纹的扩展速率明显加快并高于其在母材中的扩展速率。断口形貌表明,疲劳裂纹在焊核区扩展主要由脆性的准解理断裂形貌组成,扩展速率较快;而热影响区及母材区的断口形貌主要由光滑的疲劳条纹组成。