空间三轴机抖激光陀螺交流稳频系统设计

针对空间三轴机抖激光陀螺设计了交流稳频控制系统,分析了系统原理,进行了Simulink仿真建模和试验研究。在系统原理中分析了控制过程,推导了系统函数,通过Simulink交流稳频系统仿真建模摸索了空间三轴机抖激光陀螺交流稳频系统中PID参数对系统响应的影响,并得到了优化参数(K_P=0.048,K_I=0.0021,K_D=0.0037),为硬件调试提供了参考。将交流稳频控制系统应用于国产某型空间三轴机抖激光陀螺进行试验,试验结果显示通过PID参数调节后的交流稳频陀螺PZT码值变化平稳,陀螺静态脉冲输出稳定,与原直流稳频控制方法相比将空间三轴机抖激光陀螺的精度提高了20%。     

激光陀螺电路的数字一体化及其实现

为实现激光陀螺电路的一体化、数字化和高度集成化,在四频激光陀螺各部分电路的原理基础上,采用单片DSP完成了激光陀螺高压稳流、稳频及计数等全部控制与运算功能,实现了激光陀螺电路的数字一体化.激光陀螺数字一体化电路在室温下进行了长时间的测试,其单臂放电电流稳流精度优于 ,两臂放电电流差值的稳定精度优于 ,稳频精度(光强差/光强和)优于 .实验结果表明,数字一体化电路的性能已经达到了现有激光陀螺各部分电路的性能.激光陀螺数字一体化电路在电磁兼容、抗干扰、低功耗、集成度等方面具有显著的优势,并且由于陀螺的各工作参量在同一电路中,便于协调控制各参量使激光陀螺工作在最佳状态,有利于进一步提高激光陀螺的性能.     

用G8051F120单片机实现激光陀螺小抖动稳频

介绍了C8051F120单片机的主要性能特点及其在激光陀螺稳频控制器中的应用。利用单片机定时器2的输出功能实现了激光陀螺的小抖动稳频。给出了该控制器的硬件结构和软件结构，并对实验数据和结果进行了分析。结果表明：该控制器在有效减小系统体积的情况下基本达到了预期的要求。     

用C8051F120单片机实现激光陀螺小抖动稳频

介绍了C8051F120单片机的主要性能特点及其在激光陀螺稳频控制器中的应用.利用单片机定时器2的输出功能实现了激光陀螺的小抖动稳频.给出了该控制器的硬件结构和软件结构,并对实验数据和结果进行了分析.结果表明:该控制器在有效减小系统体积的情况下基本达到了预期的要求.     

基于多周期测量的四频差动激光陀螺高精度信号解调

分析了四频差动激光陀螺信号的解调原理，针对采用频率测量计数解调方法存在脉冲量化造成的角速度测量分辨率低的问题，改用多周期测量来代替频率测量，大大提高了四频差动激光陀螺信号的解调精度。通过数字滤波器滤波处理，可以减少随机噪声干扰，进一步提高精度。为满足实时性要求，该方法采用FPGA来实现。实验表明，此方法提高了四频差动激光陀螺角速度测量分辨率，为快速高精度方位自对准奠定了基础。     

速率偏频技术提高激光陀螺精度的理论研究

以分析激光陀螺主要误差源出发点,从理论上研究了速率偏频技术的作用,指出它可有效地降低激光陀螺锁区引入的随机游走误差,部分地补偿激光陀螺谐振腔中的光束位移引起的不可控激光陀螺的零偏误差,并可解决拦动激光陀螺在系统使用中的锥形误差（Coning Error)和划桨误差（Sculling Error)。利用激光陀螺的拍频方程和拦动偏频激光陀螺的拍频近似解,得出了速率偏频激光陀螺随机游走误差与速率偏频系统参数的表达式,并指出了速率偏频技术的特点及速率偏频技术要解决的主要技术问题。     

基于速率偏频激光陀螺的双套惯性组合系统故障监控技术研究

在三轴整体式速率偏频激光陀螺无法进行输出轴冗余配置的情况下，为实现陀螺的元件级故障检测与隔离，提出了由三轴整体式速率偏频激光陀螺和挠性陀螺组构成的双惯性系统的故障检测与隔离方案，给出了双惯性系统的量测方程，并以此为基础推导了用于进行故障检测与隔离的奇偶方程。提出一种基于奇偶方程的双惯性系统故障检测与隔离方法，并针对一类无法用奇偶方程进行隔离的故障，给出一种搜索无故障陀螺输出轴的故障检测与隔离新方法。     

速率偏频激光陀螺系统速度数值积分算法误差分析与优化(英文)

用时域泰勒级数展开的方法分析了速率偏频激光陀螺惯导系统常用速度数值积分算法的误差。分析显示速率偏频陀螺本身的高速旋转使惯性导航系统时刻处于大角运动条件下。若其旋转轴与比力方向不平行,则常用速度算法的误差不可忽略。提出了速率偏频激光陀螺惯导系统速度算法的优化改进方法。对常用速度算法和提出的算法进行了仿真比较。仿真显示,用泰勒级数展开分析速度数值积分算法误差是可行的;提出的算法能够将速率偏频激光陀螺惯导系统以及其他惯性导航系统在大机动运动环境下的导航精度提高一阶。     

速率偏频激光陀螺过锁区误差特性分析

分析了速率偏频激光陀螺过锁区的误差特性。根据激光陀螺的闭锁方程,分别从数值模拟和理论分析两种途径对速率偏频激光陀螺过锁区误差特性进行了研究。结果一致表明:速率偏频激光陀螺过锁区的误差与锁区大小成正比,与过锁区的加速度的平方根成反比,与刻度因子的平方根成反比。文中具体给出了速率偏频激光陀螺过锁区的误差方程。过锁区误差为速率偏频激光陀螺的主要误差源。     

速率偏频激光陀螺用回转装置的设计与实现

速率偏频激光陀螺技术中陀螺台体回转加速度的大小和回转位置的精确定位问题是实现速率偏频激光陀螺的两个关键技术。本文设计并实现了用于提高速率偏频激光陀螺腔体正反转换向加速度的回转装置 ,该装置还能使其回转位置精确定位 ,实践证明 ,该回转器使陀螺腔体回转加速度提高到原来的 2 .5倍 ,达到 1 2 778(°) /s2 ;回转位置的静态定位精度达到 1 ″。而且回转器结构简单可靠 ,使用时不增加陀螺台体运转过程中控制任务的复杂性 ,并且对系统安全性有积极作用     

二频机抖激光捷联系统结构振动分析

二频机抖激光捷联系统中三个激光陀螺抖动会引起惯性器件的耦合振动,产生系统抖动耦合误差,导致惯导系统导航精度下降。二频机抖激光陀螺捷联惯导系统机械结构较为复杂,很难通过解析法求解其振动特性。作者采用有限元方法对二频机抖激光陀螺进行了正弦信号驱动下的瞬态响应分析,并在正弦信号中加入了抖动随机信号,实现了机抖激光陀螺工作状态的仿真。此外,还对二频机抖激光捷联系统的振动特性进行了瞬态响应分析,掌握了系统的耦合振动情况,并进行了功率谱分析。这为激光捷联系统的频率搭配最优化提供了分析方法,对高精度二频机抖激光捷联系统的设计有重要意义。     

激光陀螺速率偏频系统初始对准方法研究

针对速率偏频激光陀螺转动的工作特性，建立了新的系统误差方程，并在静基座条件下，采用卡尔曼滤波方法实现了系统的初始对准。仿真结果表明，这种初始对准方法对准速度较快，水平对准精度比抖动偏频系统提高了一个数量级，方位对准精度也有较大提高，并且对两个水平加速度计随机常值偏置有很好的估计效果。     

The dynamic behavior of MEMS arch resonators actuated electrically

In this paper, we investigate the dynamic behavior of clamped-clamped micromachined arches when actuated by a small DC electrostatic load superimposed to an AC harmonic load. A Galerkin-based reduced-order model is derived and utilized to simulate the static behavior and the eigenvalue problem under the DC load actuation. The natural frequencies and mode shapes of the arch are calculated for various values of DC voltages and initial rises. In addition, the dynamic behavior of the arch under the actuation of a DC load superimposed to an AC harmonic load is investigated. A perturbation method, the method of multiple scales, is used to obtain analytically the forced vibration response of the arch due to DC and small AC loads. Results of the perturbation method are compared with those obtained by numerically integrating the reduced-order model equations. The non-linear resonance frequency and the effective non-linearity of the arch are calculated as a function of the initial rise and the DC and AC loads. The results show locally softening-type behavior for the resonance frequency for all DC and AC loads as well as the initial rise of the arch.     

激光陀螺谐振腔损耗与相位差测量

介绍了激光陀螺谐振腔损耗及相位差的一种测量方法。将频率可调激光器发出激光入射被研究激光陀螺谐振腔，使之产生强迫振荡。用光电接收器接收振荡功率信号，输入计算机分析，绘出谐振腔的功率谱线图。通过测量谱线半波宽度、纵模间隔时间兀计算出谐振腔的损耗及相位差。损耗测量精度可达10^-6级，相位差测量精度达0．1度。     

相移数字云纹测量系统

介绍了一种相位移数字云纹变形测量系统．测试系统采用ＣＣＤ摄像系统记录光栅图像，控制采样的空间频率大约为光栅线密度的整数倍，对试件栅进行采样后用数字信号处理的方法，实现空间相位移及进行实时数字云纹条纹显示，并对相移误差及光栅信号的高阶谐波的影响进行了校正     

On the secondary resonance of a MEMS resonator: A conceptual study based on shooting and perturbation methods

Nonlinear dynamics of a clamped–clamped capacitive micro-beam resonator subjected to subharmonic excitation of order one-half is studied. The micro-beam resonator is sandwiched with two piezoelectric layers throughout the length, and as a result of piezoelectric actuation a tensile/compressive axial load is induced along the length which is used as a frequency tuning tool. The resonator is subjected to a combination of a bias DC and harmonic AC electrostatic actuations. In order to determine the frequency response subharmonic resonance condition, both perturbation and shooting methods are applied. The stability of the periodic solutions and the bifurcations types are also studied. It is shown that the application of perturbation method imposes some limitations on the order of magnitudes of the terms in the differential equation of the motion; as a result out of the domain where the ordering assumption of the perturbation solution does not hold, some periodic solutions as well as some vital bifurcation points are missed. It is shown that on the frequency domain, the resonator exhibits both softening and hardening behaviors whereas this is not predicted by the perturbation scheme. The effect of DC and AC actuation voltages on the qualitative response of the system is determined. It is shown that based on the polarity of the piezoelectric actuation, the frequency response curves can be shifted both in forward and backward directions which can be used in the design of novel RF MEMS filters/sensors.     

激光陀螺POS惯性数据滤波及时延补偿

激光陀螺作为位置姿态测量系统(POS)的核心传感器,其精度直接决定激光陀螺POS系统精度,围绕机抖激光陀螺信号去噪的需求,基于FIR滤波器建模的方法,设计了FIR数字低通滤波器;针对滤波器导致的信号延迟问题,根据FIR数字滤波器群延迟特性建模,提出了激光陀螺POS数据时延补偿方法。静态实验结果表明,设计的FIR数字低通滤波器降低了激光陀螺抖动噪声功率达80dB。进一步通过飞行实验表明,提出的方法降低了激光陀螺POS系统姿态角误差,与POS/AV510相比航向角误差由0.017°降低到0.01°,俯仰角误差由0.007°降低到0.005°,横滚角误差由0.016°降低到0.005°,满足了机载InSAR对激光陀螺POS精度要求。     

Mechanical behaviors of electrostatic microresonators with initial offset imperfection: qualitative analysis via time-varying capacitors

This paper investigates analytically and numerically the effect of initial offset imperfection on the mechanical behaviors of microbeam-based resonators. Symmetry breaking of DC actuation, due to different initial offset distances of microbeam to lower and upper electrodes, is concerned. For qualitative analysis, time-varying capacitors are introduced and a lumped parameter model, considering nonlinear electrostatic force and midplane stretching of microbeam, is adopted to examine the system statics and dynamics. The Method of Multiple Scales (MMS) is applied to determine the primary resonance solution under small vibration assumption. Meanwhile, the Finite Difference Method (FDM) combined with Floquet theory is utilized to generate frequency response curves for medium- and large-amplitude vibration simulations. Static bifurcation, phase portrait and Hamiltonian function are firstly investigated to examine the system inherent behaviors. Besides, basins of attraction are briefly depicted to grasp the effects of initial offset and AC excitation on the system global dynamics. Then, variation of equivalent natural frequency versus DC voltage is analyzed. Results show that initial offset may induce complex frequency rebound phenomenon as well as a separate frequency branch under secondary pull-in condition. In what follows, emergences of softening, linear and hardening vibration are classified through discussing a key parameter obtained from the frequency response equation. New linear behavior induced by initial offset imperfection is found, which exhibits much higher sensitivity to DC voltage. Medium- and large-amplitude in-well motions are also investigated, indicating the existence of alternations of softening and hardening behaviors. Finally, lumped parameters are deduced via Galerkin procedure, and case studies are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the whole analysis.     

Bistable nonlinear response of MEMS resonators

This study, for the first time, investigates the nonlinear bistable response of electrically actuated initially imperfect viscoelastic microresonators under DC and AC actuations, while including fringing field effects and retaining both longitudinal and transverse motions. The modified version of the couple stress theory, the Kelvin–Voigt material, and the Meijs–Fokkema electrostatic formula are employed in order to develop a multi-physics model of the electrically actuated initially curved microresonator while accounting for the effects of geometrical nonlinearities, damping nonlinearities, fringing field, small size, and residual axial load. The developed continuous multi-physics model is reduced to set of differential equations of ordinary type, which are nonlinearly coupled, employing a weighted residual method and solved numerically making use of a continuation technique. The numerical simulations results are shown via plots of static deflection and natural frequency versus the DC voltage as well as plots of motion amplitude versus the AC frequency.