交互四元体系Li~+,Mg~(2+)//SO_4~(2-),B_4O_7~(2-)-H_2O 288K时相平衡研究

采用等温溶解平衡法研究了288K时Li+,Mg2+//SO42-,B4O72--H2O四元体系的固液相平衡关系,测定了该四元体系在288K时平衡液相的溶解度和密度。依据实验测定的平衡溶解度数据及对应的平衡固相,绘制了该四元体系的平衡相图及密度组成图。研究结果表明:交互四元体系Li+,Mg2+//SO42-,B4O27--H2O288K时平衡相图中有2个共饱点,5条单变量曲线,4个结晶区对应的平衡固相分别为Li2B4O7.3H2O,Li2SO4.H2O,MgB4O7.9H2O和MgSO4.7H2O。     

Production of Potash and N-Mg Compound Fertilizer via Mineral Shoenite from Kunteyi Salt Lake: Phase Diagrams of Quaternary System(NH_4)_2SO_4-Mg SO_4-K_2SO_4-H_2O in the Isothermal Evaporation and Crystallization Process

Based on the requirement of the new technology for producing potassium sulfate and N-Mg compound fertilizer,boussingaultite,by the reaction of the mineral shoenite from Kunteyi Salt Lake,Qinghai province,and the industrial byproduct ammonium sulfate,the solubilities of the quaternary system (NH_4)_2SO_4-Mg SO_4-K_2SO_4-H_2O at 25.0oC in the isothermal evaporation and crystallization process were measured using the isothermal evaporation method,and the corresponding phase diagrams were plotted.According to the diagram,this system contains six saturation points and six solid phase fields of crystallization,which correspond to (K_(1-m),(NH_4)_m)_2SO_4,(NH_4)_2SO_4·Mg SO_4·6H_2O,K_2SO_4·Mg SO_4·6H_2O,Mg SO_4·6H_2O,(K_(1-n),(NH_4)_n)_2SO_4·Mg SO_4·6H_2O and Mg SO_4·7H_2O,respectively.By analyzing and calculating the isothermal evaporation and dissolution phase diagram of this quaternary system at 25.0oC,K_2SO_4 and (NH_4)_2SO_4·Mg SO_4·6H_2O can be separated via K_2SO_4·Mg SO_4·6H_2O and (NH_4)_2SO_4 as raw materials.Theoretical calculations about the proposed process were carried out and verified by experiment,which indicated that the yield of potassium sulfate was improved and the magnesium resources were fully utilized.     

离子色谱法同时测定地质样品中氟氯磷硫

本文研究了离子色谱同时测定地质样品中F~-、Cl~-、PO_4~(3-)、SO_4~(2-)的前处理过程,选择了色谱测定最佳条件。在Na_2CO_3全熔的样品溶液中,加入(NH_4)_2CO_3使Si、Al随大多数金属离子同时沉淀;再用预处理柱除去熔剂引入的大量Na~+及CO_3~(2-)消除其干扰;并在流出液中补加相应试剂与淋洗液相匹配,实现了多种地质样品中F~-、Cl~-、PO_4~(3-)和SO_4~(2-)的测定。方法检出限(3s,μg/ml)分别为F~-0.05、Cl~-0.1、PO_4~(3-)0.3、SO_4~(2-)0.5。测定范围为F~-0.05—3μg/ml,Cl~-0.1—6μg/ml,PO_4~(3-)0.3 —30μg/ml,SO_4~(2-)0.5—30μg/ml。     

垃圾渗滤液污染场地NO_3~-、PO_4~(3-)和SO_4~(2-)对微生物活性的影响

通过实验研究垃圾渗滤液污染场地N、S、P和湿度等因素对微生物活性的影响.结果表明：同时添加N和P后,土壤和细砂中微生物活性分别在第7 天和第14 天达到最大值0.685和0.588,有机质质量分数分别降低了10.97%和22.1%,平均降解速率分别为0.405和0.190 mg/(kg·d);添加NO_3~-后,土壤和细砂中有机质质量分数分别减少了10.3%和28.9%;添加SO_4~(2-)后,土壤和细砂中有机质质量分数分别减少了8.87%和28.4%;另外,湿度为50%和60%时,土壤中微生物活性的最大值分别为0.259和0.266,有机质平均分解速率分别为0.195和0.305 mg/(kg·d).因此,N、S、P和湿度对地下环境中微生物的活性有重要影响.     

乌东德水电站坝址区SO_4(2-)成因与分布特征分析

针对金沙江乌东德水电站坝址区左右两岸地下水中SO42-含量的差异,尤其是左岸SO24-含量普遍高于右岸的特征,通过岩矿和水化学成分分析,采用聚类分析法分析了地下水中SO42-与其他离子成分的相关性,并结合水岩相互作用及水化学场、水温场、水动力场等方面的分析研究,发现坝址区地下水中SO42-的来源主要与地层中的黄铁矿有关,左右两岸地下水中SO42-含量的差异主要由于二岸地下水循环不同所致。