电磁搅拌频率对半固态A356初生α相的影响

利用低过热度浇注和电磁搅拌技术制备半固态A356铝合金浆料。采用变频技术控制电磁搅拌装置,探讨了电磁搅拌频率对半固态初生α相形貌的影响;通过数值模拟获得了磁感应强度较强的电磁搅拌频率。研究结果表明,在半固态A356合金浆料的制备过程中,电磁搅拌频率对半固态初生相的形貌影响很大,通过实验研究获得了制备半固态A356铝合金浆料的合适工艺参数,即在浇注温度620℃、保温温度590℃、保温时间10min、搅拌时间15s的条件下,搅拌频率为30Hz的晶粒细化效果最佳,其平均形状因子为0.80,平均等级圆直径为76.1μm。     

复合工艺对半固态A356铝合金浆料组织的影响

用低过热度浇注和弱行波电磁搅拌工艺制备A356铝合金半固态浆料,研究了浇注温度和搅拌功率等复合工艺参数对A356铝合金的半固态浆料的影响i结果表明,这个复合工艺促使初生α-Al几乎在整个熔体区域形核,增加了初生α-Al同时形核的位置和数量,在合金凝固的初期形成足够多的晶核,从而在合金熔体中形成球形或近球形的组织.在浇注温度和浇注功率分别为630℃和1.2 kW条件下可以制备出球状初生α-Al晶粒的A356铝合金半固态浆料.与单纯低过热度浇注的A356铝合金试样相比,在弱行波电磁搅拌条件下,适当提高浇注温度也可获得理想的球状A356铝合金浆料,同时可简化浇注工艺.     

用新工艺制备半固态铝合金浆料

用低过热度浇注和弱电磁搅拌工艺制备A356铝合金半固态浆料，研究了浇注温度、搅拌功率和搅拌时间对A356铝合金的半固态浆料的影响．结果表明，用该工艺可以制备出球状初生α—Al晶粒的半固态A356合金浆料．与单纯低过热度浇注的试样相比较，在弱电磁搅拌条件下，适当提高浇注温度亦可获得理想的球状A356合金浆料，也简化了实际浇注工艺的操作．低过热度浇注和弱电磁搅拌，加速了合金液向外传热和减小了其温度梯度，扩大了同时凝固的区域，细化了初生α—Al晶粒，造成的强迫流动，扩大了合金熔体的温度扰动和局部温度起伏，促使初生α—Al二次臂的熔断和球状初生α—Al晶粒的形成．     

浇注温度和ECAP对铝合金坯料组织的影响

采用近液相线法结合新SIMA法复合工艺制备半固态A356铝合金坯料,研究了浇注温度、等径角挤压(ECAP)和半固态处理温度、时间对坯料组织的影响.结果表明,适当的工艺参数可以制备出球状初生α-Al相晶粒的半固态A356铝合金坯料,其中较合理的工艺参数为:近液相线浇注温度为610℃,半固态保温温度为580℃,半固态保温时...     

半固态A356铝合金浆料的充填行为及组织分布

采用流变压铸方法研究了低过热度浇注和弱电磁搅拌制备的半固态A356铝合金浆料的充填行为和组织分布,结果表明：采用该技术制备的半固态A356铝合金浆料,其组织形态优良,经过感应均热后,浆料内部的温度场分布均匀,初生α—Al晶粒更圆整．半固态A356铝合金的浆料温度、压射比压和冲头速度对浆料的充填行为有较大的影响．较高的浆料温度、压射比压和冲头速度都有利于半固态铝合金浆料的充填．在本文的实验条件下,合适的浆料温度为585-595℃,压射比压为15-25MPa,冲头速度为0．072-0．12m／s．得到的流变压铸件的组织分布均匀,无明显的固液相偏析．     

2024铝合金筒形件流变挤压铸造研究

目的以2024铝合金为例,研究变形铝合金流变挤压铸造成形件的组织和力学性能,探讨采用流变挤压铸造的方法成形高性能变形铝合金结构件的可行性。方法采用机械搅拌法制备了2024铝合金半固态浆料,采用不同机械搅拌温度和时间进行半固态浆料的制备,并对半固态浆料进行流变挤压铸造。研究了机械搅拌温度和搅拌时间对筒形件组织和力学性能的影响。结果成功制备出了2024铝合金筒形件。随着机械搅拌温度和搅拌时间的提高,筒形件的微观组织能得到细化,同时组织中固液相分布更加均匀,因此筒形件的力学性能也有所提高。结论对变形铝合金2024采用半固态流变挤压铸造进行成形的方法是可行的。半固态浆料最佳制备工艺参数为625℃时机械搅拌25 min,在此工艺参数下,流变挤压铸造2024筒形件的抗拉强度可达264 MPa。     

旋转直管浇注法制备A356铝合金半固态浆料

采用旋转直管浇注法制备A356铝合金半固态浆料,在不同浇注温度和转速下进行了系列试验,并与直管法进行了对比分析。结果表明,在不同转速条件下,浇注温度越低,得到的浆料凝固组织晶粒尺寸就越小,颗粒球化程度越高。与直管法相比,同一工艺参数下,旋转直管法制备的坯料的晶粒更为细小和圆整,并且随着旋转速度的增加,可得到理想浆料组织的浇铸温度区间也随之增大。本实验条件下,当转速为300r/mim时,浇注温度为670℃也能得到较理想的半固态凝固组织。     

新型铝合金机械卡钳的铸锻复合成形研究

目前将铸锻复合成形技术应用于机械卡钳等的研究少见报道.为此,采用不同的浇注温度、保压时间和锻压力进行了A356-CrV新型铝合金机械卡钳试样的铸锻复合成形,并进行耐腐蚀性能及耐磨损性能的测试、分析.结果 表明:随浇注温度的升高、保压时间的延长和锻压力的增加,A356-CrV新型铝合金机械卡钳试样质量损失率和磨损体积先减小后缓缓增大,耐腐蚀性能和耐磨损性能变化趋势为先提升然后下降.与700℃浇注温度比较,720℃浇注温度下的质量损失率和磨损体积分别减小了27.46％、33.33％;与15 s保压时间比较,25 s保压时间下的质量损失率和磨损体积分别减小了23.84％、28.00％;与60 MPa锻压力比较,90 MPa锻压力下的质量损失率和磨损体积分别减小了30.52％、37.93％.A356-CrV新型铝合金机械卡钳试样的优选铸锻复合工艺参数为:720℃浇注温度、25 s保压时间、90 MPa锻压力.     

用行波电磁搅拌制备半固态AlSi7Mg合金浆料

用低过热度浇注和弱行波电磁搅拌工艺制备半固态AlSi7Mg合金浆料,研究了浇注温度和搅拌功率对其初生α-Al形貌的影响.结果表明,用该工艺可制备初生α-Al形貌呈小而圆整的球状晶粒,组织分布均匀,较大尺寸(直径为127 mm)的半固态AlSi7Mg合金浆料.浇注温度合适,短时间弱电磁搅拌(8 S左右)就可获得初生α-Al形貌大部分为球状,组织分布比较均匀的浆料组织.浇注温度一定,适当提高搅拌功率可明显改善初生α-Al的形貌,但是过高的搅拌功率并不能使初生α-Al的形貌进一步改善.用该工艺制备的半固态AlSi7Mg合金浆料,从其边部到心部的径向组织初生α-Al形貌经历了一个从枝晶组织向蔷薇状组织再向球状组织转变的过程.     

Preparation of semi-solid AlSi7Mg alloy slurry through traveling electromagnetic stirring

用低过热度浇注和弱行波电磁搅拌工艺制备半固态AlSi7Mg合金浆料, 研究了浇注温度和搅拌功率对其初生α-Al形貌的影响. 结果表明, 用该工艺可制备初生$\alpha$--Al形貌呈小而圆整的球状晶粒、组织分布均匀、 较大尺寸(直径为127 mm)的半固态AlSi7Mg合金浆料. 浇注温度合适, 短时间弱电磁搅拌(8 s左右)就可获得初生α-Al形貌大部分为球状, 组织分布比较均匀的浆料组织. 浇注温度一定, 适当提高搅拌功率可明显改善初生 α-Al的形貌, 但是过高的搅拌功率并不能使初生α-Al的形貌进一步改善. 用该工艺制备的半固态AlSi7Mg合金浆料, 从其边部到心部的径向组织初生 α-Al形貌经历了一个从枝晶组织向蔷薇状组织再向球状组织转变的过程.     

Grain Size Control of Semisolid A356 Alloy Manufactured by Electromagnetic Stirring

To investigate the possibility of substituting the mechanical stirring system with electromagnetic stirring (EMS) system for aluminum rheo die-casting, the EMS under the different stirring cooling conditions was carried out. It was found that in the early period of solidification, the dendrite breakages led to a fine primary phase. When dendrites grew coarsely, the effect of ripening on grain size overwhelmed that of dendrite breakage. It was also found that the high cooling rate favored large nucleation rate, and led to a fine primary phase. But high cooling rate also made the growth rate of the dendrite arm, which prevented the dendrite arm from being sheared off. Therefore there were a suitable stirring time and suitable cooling rate to obtain the best rheo die-casting structure. Qualified semisolid A356 aluminum alloy was successfully manufactured with short time EMS.     

Preparation for Semi-Solid Aluminum Alloy Slurry under Weak Electromagnetic Stirring Conditions

The effects of pouring temperature, short electromagnetic stirring with low strength and then soaking treatment on the microstructure of AISi7Mg alloy were investigated. The results show that if AlSi7Mg alloy is poured at 630 or 650℃ and meanwhile stirred by an electromagnetic field at a low power for a short time, the pouring process can be easily controlled and most solidified primary α-Al grains become spherical and only a few of them are rosette-like. Weak electromagnetic stirring makes the temperature field more homogeneous and makes the primary α-Al grains disperse in a larger region, which leads to the spherical microstructures of primary α-Al grains. When the AISi7Mg alloy is soaked or reheated at the semisolid state, the primary α-Al grains ripen further and they become more spherical, which is favorable to the semi-solid forming of AlSi7Mg alloy.     

Effects of pulsed magnetic field on microstructures and morphology of the primary phase in semisolid A356 Al slurry

A novel technique for introducing pulsed magnetic field (PMF) during isothermal holding period of A356 Al alloy has been employed to prepare semisolid slurry. The effects of vibration frequency of PMF on morphology of the primary phase in semisolid A356 Al alloy slurry were studied, and some characteristic parameters characterized the morphology and grain size of the primary phase were obtained. The results show that the primary α-Al particles become smaller and rounder with the increase of vibration frequency. The slurry with primary α-Al particle average diameter of about 79 μm and average shape factor of about 0.58 can be prepared under the action of a PMF at 10 Hz and 600 °C for 4 min. It is feasible to use PMF processing to prepare semisolid alloy slurry, because of its strong forced convection within the whole bulk melt.     

电磁场作用下半固态合金熔体流动行为对凝固组织的影响

电磁场技术在半固态合金加工中的应用促进了制备工艺的开发和创新,也为获得高质量的半固态合金制品提供了保障。电磁场引起的半固态合金熔体流动状态和性质对合金元素传输、晶粒长大、温度场分布、凝固组织等均有重要影响。主要综述了电磁场对半固态合金流动行为的影响、数值模拟技术在解析半固态合金流动行为中的应用等方面的研究进展,并结合笔者的研究经历介绍了电磁场搅拌技术在半固态合金浆料制备中的应用、熔体流动对半固态合金凝固组织的影响,以及在半固态合金熔体流动特性研究中的新发现。在这些研究工作的基础上,着重综述了应用商业软件和数学建模对半固态合金熔体中电磁场作用引起的流动行为进行模拟、仿真所做的工作和取得的成果。最后,对电磁场技术在半固态合金加工中的应用以及电磁场作用下半固态合金熔体流动特性对半固态合金凝固组织影响的研究进展进行了总结,并对其发展前景和主要发展方向进行了展望。     

钢铁材料及有色合金构件的多段半固态成形工艺研究

目的为了有效抑制半固态成形过程中的液相偏析,改善半固态成形构件微观组织和力学性能的均匀性。方法提出了包括多段流变成形和多段触变成形在内的多段半固态成形工艺。多段半固态成形工艺均由半固态坯/浆料制备、预成形、控温冷却和终成形4个阶段组成,分别在热模拟试验机和机械伺服压机上开展了SKD11工具钢和6061铝合金的半固态触变成形和半固态流变成形试验。结果在初成形阶段,具有较高液相分数的半固态坯/浆料以较高的应变速率初步充填型腔,限制了液相外流的时间和空间;在控温冷却阶段,半固态坯/浆料的液相分数因部分凝固而降低;在终成形阶段,具有较低液相分数的半固态坯/浆料以较低的应变速率完成型腔的充填,由于固相晶粒在此阶段发生塑性变形而提高了成形构件的力学性能。结论获得了组织均匀性较好的钢铁材料和有色合金构件,验证了多段半固态成形工艺的可行性。     

Semisolid melt squeezing procedure for production of open-cell Al–Si foams

Melt squeezing process in semisolid state was used for the first time for production of open-cell Al–Si foams with improved microstructural and mechanical characteristics. First a given amount of preheated NaCl particles was stirred into molten A356 alloy. Stirring continued during solidification of the slurry until reaching a given solid fraction of primary particles. The resulting mixture was pressed by a perforated piston to squeeze a controlled amount of the residual meltout. Open-cell foams were achieved by leaching the final Al–Si–NaCl composites in water. The suitable values of the NaCl particle size, pressurizing temperature, melt to salt ratio and piston pressure for production of uniform and high integrity foams were obtained to be 3400 μm, 605 °C, 1.5:1 and 10 MPa, respectively. The results showed that the semisolid processing employed could refine and modify the microstructure of the cell ligaments in the final foams. Mechanical properties of the foams such as energy absorption and fracture toughness were also improved by the semisolid processing.     

A2017半固态合金的半固态扩展成形

用单辊搅拌(SRS)实验机进行了A2017合金的半固态凝固实验,研究了A2017半固态合金组织的形成机理。在轧辊剪切力的作用下在轧辊粗糙表面生长初始枝晶,破碎后形成自由晶,自由晶自由运动和生长形成细小均匀的A2107合金球形组织。在710～750℃内浇注,可制备出具有细小、均匀球形组织的A2017半固态合金。使用在辊-靴型腔出口处的扩展成形模可实现A2017合金半固态连续扩展成形,使半固态成形与扩展挤压相结合,通过控制浇注温度得到了表面状态良好的断面尺寸为14mm×25mm的A2017扁型材料。用半固态扩展挤压方法得到的材料断裂强度为280MPa(比国标值提高100MPa);延伸率为49％(比标准值提高29％)。     

Preparation of Semisolid A356 Alloy Feedstock Cast via a Pipe Consisting of Partial Inclined and Partial Vertical Sections

In the present work, the microstructures of A356 feedstock cast via a pipe consisting of partial inclined and partial vertical sections were investigated. The experimental results indicate that semisolid feedstock with ideal microstructures can be obtained at higher temperatures 645°C and above by the proposed process, and the solid shell inside the pipe can be avoided at the optimum pouring temperature. Thus the process is attractive for industrial applications. The slanted angle of inclined section has an...     

电磁搅拌对半固态AZ91D镁合金组织的影响

研究了电磁搅拌参数对连续冷却条件下AZ91D镁合金组织的影响.结果表明:当电磁搅拌的频率达到或高于50 Hz时,半固态AZ91D镁合金浆料或坯料组织中的球状初生固相越来越多,越来越圆整;在电磁搅拌频率为200 Hz和冷却速率较低的条件下,搅拌的功率越大,半固态AZ91D镁合金组织中的球状初生固相越多,晶粒也越细小.在电磁搅拌条件下,AZ91D镁合金熔体的激烈流动导致较为均匀的温度场和溶质场、更加剧烈的温度起伏,促进了半固态AZ91D镁合金球状组织的形成.半固态重熔加热使半固态AZ91D镁合金坯料初生固相的形态发生进一步的球化.