30名健康儿童的感觉门控P50研究

目的 应用诱发电位新技术探讨健康儿童感觉门控 (SG) P50特点.方法 应用美国Nicolet脑电生理仪,采用条件刺激(S1)-测试刺激(S2)模式对30名健康儿童进行听觉P50检测.结果 健康儿童Cz脑区S1-P50潜伏期(60.7±11.9)ms,波幅(5.7±3.3)μV;S2-P50潜伏期(65.4±22.0)ms,波幅(2.4±1.3)μV.S2-P50波幅显著低于S1-P50(P<0.01).S2/S1比值为(42.8±21.0)%;S1-S2波幅和100(1-S2/S1)波幅分别为(3.3±2.6)μV和(57.9±21.0)μV.结论 听觉P50电位具有抑制性特征,其变化可反映大脑健康儿童SG的功能状态.     

强迫症患者治疗前后脑诱发电位的比较研究

目的 探讨强迫症(OCD)诱发脑电指标变异的意义。方法 应用美国Nicolet Spirit脑诱发电位仪,记录35例OCD患者(OCD组)和28名健康人(NC组)的事件相关电位P300、脑干听觉反应(ABR)和视觉诱发电位(VEP)。对其中23例OCD患者于治疗5个月后再次检测P300、ABR和VEP。结果 (1)治疗前,OCD组P300-P3靶波幅[(3.51±1.60)μV]低于NC组[(5.90±2.10)μV,P<0.01];ABR-波V绝对潜伏期[(6.40±0.41)ms]长于NC组[(5.50±0.33)ms,P<0.01],波V波幅[(0.35±0.10)μV]高于NC组[(0.16±0.09)μV,P<0.01];VEP-P2潜伏期[(199±39)ms]长于NC组[(183±28)ms,P<0.05]。(2)治疗后,OCD组随强迫思维和行为改善,脑电诱发电位中仅P300-P3靶波幅升高[治疗前后分别为(4.50±1.30)μV和(6.01±1.50)μV;P<0.01],VEP-P2潜伏期缩短[分别为(199±30)ms和(183±28)ms;P<0.05],余各项差异均无显著性。结论 OCD患者P300和VEP变化与临床状态有关,ABR的变异则有待继续跟踪。     

精神分裂症首次发病患者和健康成年人听觉感觉门控电位P50的研究

目的探讨精神分裂症首次发病(以下简称首发)患者和健康成年人听觉感觉门控电位P50的特点。方法采用听觉条件(S1)测-试刺激(S2)范式对58例首发精神分裂症患者(患者组)和108名健康成年人(正常对照组)进行P50检测,评定阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)。结果(1)在Cz、Fz和Pz脑区,正常对照组S1所诱发的P50波(S1-P50)潜伏期与S2所诱发的P50波(S2-P50)潜伏期的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);S2-P50波幅[分别为(2.2±1.4)μV,(2.3±1.5)μV,(2.1±1.4)μV]低于S1-P50波幅[分别为(5.6±3.3)μV,(5.6±3.9)μV,(4.9±2.8)μV;P<0.01];S2/S1比值、S1-S2差值和100(1-S2/S1)的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(2)与正常对照组比较,患者组在Cz、Fz和Pz脑区的S1-P50波幅低(Pz:Z=-2.030,P=0.042,余P<0.01),S2-P50波幅高;S2/S1比值高,S1-S2差值小,100(1-S2/S1)值低(P均<0.01)。(3)患者组的S2/S1比值、S1-S2差值和100(1-S2/S1)值与PANSS总分[(138.49±15.30)分]无相关性(P>0.05)。结论首发精神分裂症患者的感觉门控功能有异常,能通过感觉门控电位P50定量表达。     

焦虑症患者感觉门控的研究

目的 了解焦虑症的听觉诱发电位P50特点.方法 应用美国Nicolet Bravo脑电生理仪,采用听觉条件刺激(S1)-测试刺激(S2)模式对36例焦虑症患者和45名正常人作了听觉P50检测.结果 (1)焦虑症P50抑制明显减弱;S2-P50波幅正常人(2.2±0.9)μV,患者组(2.8±1.8)μV,P<0.05.(2)与正常对照组相比,焦虑症组S1-P50降低(S1-P50正常组(5.2±3.1) μV,患者组(3.9±1.2)μV,P<0.05).(3)P50抑制明显减弱,即S1-S2比值明显降低(正常组3.0±1.9,患者组1.1±2.4,P<0.01).结论 焦虑症的感觉门同样也存在异常,表现为抑制不足,能通过听觉P50进行定量检测.     

孤独症患儿感觉抑制P50试验研究

目的 了解孤独症患儿感觉门控 (SG)抑制P50的特点.方法 应用美国Nicolet Bravo脑电生理仪,采用听觉条件刺激(S1)-测试刺激(S2)模式对37例孤独症患儿和30名正常儿童作了听觉P50检测.结果 孤独症组P50抑制明显减弱;S2-P50波幅增加[正常对照组 (2.5±2.0)μV,孤独症组(4.9±3.1) μV,P<0.01].与正常对照组相比,孤独症组S1-P50降低 [正常对照组(5.7±3.7)μV,孤独症组(3.0±2.4)μV,P<0.01].P50抑制明显减弱,即S1-S2比值明显降低 [正常对照组(3.9±2.7) μV,孤独症组(1.5±1.1) μV,P<0.01].结论 孤独症的SG亦存在异常,表现为抑制不足.     

脑干听觉反应在阿尔茨海默病和血管性痴呆患者中的应用

目的探讨阿尔茨海默病（AD）和血管性痴呆（VaD）在脑干听觉反应（ABR）检测中的特点,为早期痴呆的诊断提供帮助。方法应用美国Nicolet Bravo脑电生理仪及Click短声刺激,测查32例VaD和28例AD和41名健康老人（NC）的ABR。结果AD组、VaD组及NC组波Ⅲ的绝对潜伏期（Cz脑区）分别为（5.1±0.4）ms、（4.6±0.4）ms和（4.5±0.4）ms,组间差异有统计学意义（F=12.84,P〈0.01）;3组波V的绝对潜伏期（Cz脑区）分别为（6.9±0.2）ms、（6.9±0.3）ms和（6.8±0.3）ms,组间差异无统计学意义（F=1.44,P〉0.05）;3组波Ⅲ的绝对波幅（Cz脑区）分别为（0.19±0.07）μV、（0.32±0.13）μV和（0.35±0.15）μV,组间差异有统计学意义（F=15.87,P〈0.01）;3组波V的绝对波幅（Cz脑区）分别为（0.16±0.07）μV、（0.43±0.15）μV和（0.51±0.17）μV,组间差异有统计学意义（F=28.41,P〈0.01）。AD组波Ⅲ的绝对潜伏期较其他2组延迟、绝对波幅较其他2组下降;AD组波V的绝对波幅较其他2组下降;VaD组波V的绝对波幅较正常对照组下降。结论ABR对临床辅助诊断AD和VD有一定参考意义,ABR测定可作为老年神经精神科的常规检查项目。     

焦虑症和抑郁症患者的视觉和脑干听觉诱发电位观察

目的 研究脑诱发电位在焦虑症患者中的应用.方法 收集37例焦虑症组(AD)、32例抑郁症组(CD)及36名正常成人对照组(NC),应用Nicolet Bravo脑电生理仪以及光、声刺激,进行视觉诱发电位(VEPs)和脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEPs)检查.结果 AD组、CD组和NC组在潜伏期P 2(Fz脑区),波幅N 1(Cz脑区)上有差异显著性(P＜0.01).与NC相比,AD组潜伏期P 2前移(Fz脑区),波幅P 2下降(Cz脑区).与AD组比较,CD 组潜伏期延长.CD组潜伏期变化方向与AD组相反.结论 AD组和CD组改变与欧美报道相似.AD和CD诱发电位的特点,值得进一步随访观察.     

军人创伤后应激障碍患者脑干听觉反应的对照研究

目的　探讨军人创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD)患者脑干听觉反应 (ABR)的特点。方法　对 36例PTSD患者和 4 0名健康军人 (对照组 )应用美国NicoletBravo脑电生理仪 ,采用Click短声刺激进行ABR测查。结果　与对照组比较 ,PTSD组的Pz脑区波V绝对潜伏期延迟 (t=4 .5 2 ,P <0 .0 1) ,OZ 脑区波V绝对潜伏期前移(t=4 .5 1,P <0 .0 1) ,OZ 脑区波Ⅱ绝对波幅与PZ 脑区波Ⅳ绝对波幅均降低 (t =5 .5 6和t =5 .5 9,均P <0 .0 1)。结论　ABR对临床辅助诊断PTSD有一定参考价值     

注意缺陷多动障碍患儿哌甲酯治疗前后的脑诱发电位研究

目的 探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)患儿4种脑诱发电位指标及其治疗前后的特点.方法 应用美国Nicolet Spirit脑诱发电位仪,记录37例ADHD患儿(ADHD组)和30名正常儿童(正常对照组)的事件相关电位P300、失配性负波(MMN)、关联性负变(CNV)和脑干听觉反应(ABR),对其中31例ADHD患儿于哌甲酯(10～15 mg口服)治疗4个月后再次检测.结果 (1)与正常对照组比较,ADHD组P300-N2靶潜伏期长,P300-P3靶波幅低;ABR-波Ⅲ绝对潜伏期短,绝对波幅波V低;MMN潜伏期长,波幅高;CNV-M2波幅低,反应时间(RT)长;差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05～0.01).(2)哌甲酯治疗4个月后,ADHD组随多动症状改善,P300-N2靶潜伏期缩短[治疗前后分别为(278±18)ms和(261±16)ms,P＜0.01],P3靶波幅升高[分别为(2.8±1.8)μV和(4.2±1.9)μV,P＜0.05];MMN潜伏期缩短[分别为(208±24)ms和(193±24)ms,P＜0.05];CNV-M1波幅升高[分别为(10.3±5.0)μV和(14.3±4.1)μV,P＜0.01];RT缩短[分别为(478±158)ms和(349±144)ms,P＜0.01],但ABR治疗前后的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 ADHD患儿的P300,MMN,CNV和ABR 4种脑电诱发电位较正常对照组均有改变;治疗后随多动症状的改善,与认知功能有关的P300,MMN和CNV 3项指标亦有相应的改善.     

卒中后抑郁患者感觉门控P50的变化探讨

目的探讨卒中后抑郁患者的听觉诱发电位P50的变化。方法应用脑电生理仪,采用条件刺激(S1)-试验刺激(S2)双声刺激模式记录听觉P50诱发电位,比较卒中后抑郁患者和正常人听觉P50诱发电位的差异。结果实验组S2-P50波幅显著高于正常组S2-P50波幅(2.09±1.05)(P<0.05);实验组P50抑制减弱,S2/S1比值(0.81±0.35)与正常组(0.37±0.23)比较显著增高(P<0.05);实验组S2-S1波幅的差(1.59±0.71)与正常组(4.85±2.24)比较显著减小(P<0.01)。结论卒中后抑郁患者存在感觉门控P50的异常,感觉门控P50可能成为对于卒中后抑郁评价的一种方法。     

The comparative analyses of the auditory evoked potentials and color Doppler sonography findings in patients diagnosed with vertebrobasilar insufficiency

Abstract

Auditory evoked potentials (AEP) represent an electrophysiological method used in the diagnostics of pathological changes of the brainstem. Patients with vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI) show changes in the AEP-caused ischemia of the brain structures that generate their responses.

The aim of the study was to determine the diagnostic significance and correlation among the findings of AEP in patients with VBI established by color Doppler sonography.

The cross-sectional and prospective research included 48 inpatients and outpatients treated at the Clinic of Neurology, Clinical Center Nis. Ultrasound Doppler of blood vessels in the neck included an examination of the carotid blood vessels, the outcome and all sonographically available parts of the vertebral artery (VA) with particular emphasis on the intravertebral segment (V2). The morphological and hemodynamic characteristics of VA in this segment were monitored, and it was important to test the systolic velocity in two adjacent intervertebral spaces. Auditory evoked potentials were used to monitor the amplitudes, absolute latencies of waves I, II, III, IV, and V, as well as interwave latencies (IWLs) I–III, III–V, and I–V.

There is statistically significant difference in the more frequent pathological finding of AEP in patients with higher degree of the reduced flow of VA established by color Doppler (P < 0·05) compared to patients with less reduction in the flow. Pathological findings of AEP are well correlated with pathological findings of VBI in color Doppler, and it may be applied as an additional and useful marker in diagnosis of VBI.     

阿尔茨海默病与脑血管性痴呆的诱发电位比较

目的 :探讨阿尔茨海默痴呆 (AD)和脑血管性痴呆 (VD)的诱发电位特点。方法 :收集 2 5例AD组、2 4例VD组及 2 2名正常老年人 (NC) ,完成听觉诱发电位 (AEP)和视觉诱发电位 (VEP)检查。结果 :AD组和VD组及NC组在潜伏期AEP/N1、P2 ,VEP/P1,波幅AEP/P2、P3,VEP/P2、P3上有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5～ 0 0 1)。与NC组相比 ,AD组潜伏期AEP/N1、P2 ,VEP/P1延迟 ,波幅AEP/P2、P3,VEP/P2、P3降低。与NC组相比 ,VD组在潜伏期VEP/P1延迟 ,波幅P2、P3降低。AD组与VD组相比 ,在潜伏期AEP/N1、N2上有显著差异 ,AD组延迟于VD组。AD组VEP的P1潜伏期 ,VD组AEP的P3波幅及VEP的N1潜伏期改变上与其MMSE评分有关联。结论 :AD组与VD组的诱发电位变化有类似的异常 ,但AD组病损范围广 ,经不同感觉系统诱发的脑诱发电位均有异常。两组痴呆中的三个指标与MMSE关联的特点 ,值得进一步随访     

精神分裂症患者治疗后多项诱发电位的变化

目的 了解精神分裂症患者P300、听觉诱发电位（AEP）和脑干听觉反应（ABR）的特征以及治疗前后诱发电位的变化。方法 应用美国Nicolet Spirit脑诱发电位仪．记录34例精神分裂症患者和31名正常成人的P300、AEP和ABR．于治疗6个月时进行P300、AEP和ABR随访。结果 1．与NC组比较,精神分裂症组三项诱发电位主成份（P300-P3靶潜伏期、AEP-P2潜伏期和ABR-波V波幅）延迟,波幅降低（P〈0．05～0．01）。2．随访提示：P300中的P3靶潜伏期和波幅,AEP中的P2潜伏期和波幅以及ABR中的波Ⅲ潜伏期和波V波幅改变可能是属于该疾病的状态标志。结论 本组精神分裂症患者的诱发电位变化为状态标志,多项诱发电位指标联合应用可作为精神分裂症治疗监测的有用指标。     

Asymmetry of long-latency auditory evoked potentials in LGI1-related autosomal dominant lateral temporal lobe epilepsy

PURPOSE: To investigate auditory processing with cortical long-latency auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) in patients with autosomal dominant lateral temporal lobe epilepsy (ADTLE). METHODS: Eight patients with LGI1-related ADTLE belonging to a family with predominantly aphasic seizures were studied. Sixty-five individuals without epilepsy served as controls. AEPs (N1-P2 amplitudes) to binaural tones were recorded over the left and the right hemispheres. Brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) to monaural rarefaction clicks also were analyzed. Group differences were statistically assessed with Student's t test and repeated-measures analysis of variance. RESULTS: Left N1-P2 AEP amplitudes were moderately reduced in ADTLE patients (p = 0.005). No group differences in BAEP were found, indicating unaffected cochlear system and auditory brainstem pathways. CONCLUSIONS: A moderate, but highly significant reduction in N1-P2 AEP amplitudes over the left hemisphere was demonstrated in patients with ADTLE. This finding corresponds to the cardinal symptom of aphasia in this family, and also to the generally prevailing left-sided EEG abnormalities in this condition. The background for this electrophysiologic lateralization in LGI1-related epilepsy is unknown. It may be related to a specific function of LGI1 in the dominant hemisphere.     

Multiple brain systems generating the rat auditory evoked potential. I. Characterization of the auditory cortex response

The objectives of this study were to characterize the auditory cortex response in the rat and to examine its contributions to the auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) recorded from the dorsal and lateral skull. This was accomplished by simultaneously recording AEPs from the cortical surface and from skull screw electrodes in anesthetized animals. The initial positive-negative response (P17-N32) was largely restricted to the cortical region corresponding to area 41. More detailed examination of the AEP mapping revealed multiple subcomponents (P9, P14, P17, P19) underlying the initial positivity, with differing topographies. Stimulus-response properties further dissociated the multiple positive subcomponents Reversible local neurochemical suppression confirmed the auditory cortical origin of these AEPs. The auditory cortex-generated AEPs were refractory to barbiturate anesthesia which eliminated all dorsal skull AEPs, indicating that primary auditory cortical AEPs do not make a significant contribution to the dorsal skull-recorded (‘vertex’) AEPs. The findings raise issues regarding multiple parallel auditory processing systems and their associated AEPs.     

Magnetic auditory M100 source location in normal females

We recorded magnetoencephalographic auditory evoked fields from the left and right hemispheres of six normal adult female subjects, in response to unattended tone pips. Magnetic field data was used to estimate location, orientation, depth, and strength of the 100-ms latency evoked field component (M100). M100 source locations did not significantly differ in left and right hemispheres. Previous studies in six normal males demonstrated M100 sources to be significantly further anterior in the right hemisphere. Compared to the previously reported male subjects, M100 sources in the right hemisphere of these females were significantly further posteriorly, by a mean value of 2.1 cm. These findings, while preliminary, support sex-related functional and/or structural differences in the superior temporal lobe, and would be compatible with the female right temporal planum extending further posteriorly. They suggest MEG recordings may be a useful addition to studies of sex-related difference in brain function and/or structure.     

Auditory and somatosensory evoked potentials (AEPs and SEPs) and ballistic movements in parkinson disease

In five patients with initial idiopathic Parkinson disease AEPs (early and late components of auditory evoked potentials), SEPs (somatosensory evoked potentials) and arm ballistic movements (abduction of the humerus) were studied. Experimental sessions were conducted before starting treatment (L-Dopa plus Carbidopa) and at two and six month intervals. Before treatment evoked potential abnormalities were found in four out of five patients; EMG patterns underlying ballistic arm abduction movements were altered in all patients; corresponding prolonged duration of initial movements and low mean velocities were found. After treatment AEP and SEP showed a reduction of previously observed abnormalities and both EMG patterns and kinematic variables consistently improved. It is suggested that the electrophysiological investigations employed in this preliminary study may be a useful tool in clinical and pharmacological researches on Parkinson disease.

---

Sommario Sono stati studiati in 5 pazienti affetti da sindrome di Parkinson idiopatica iniziale gli AEPs (componenti precoci e tardive), i SEPs ed i movimenti balistici (abduzione dell'omero). Lo studio è stato condotto prima dell'inizio della terapia (L-Dopa+Carbidopa), e due e sei mesi dopo l'inizio della terapia. Anomalie dei potenziali evocati sono state riscontrate prima dell'inizio della terapia in 4 pazienti. I dati elettromiografici relativi ai movimenti balistici di abduzione del braccio erano alterati in tutti i pazienti ed erano caratterizzati da un ritardo nell'inizio del movimento e da una diminuizione della velocità media.Dopo la terapia si è rivelata una riduzione delle anomalie precedentemente riscontrate per gli AEPs ed i SEPs ed anche i patterns EMG e le variabili kinematiche sono apparse notevolmente migliorati. Dall'analisi di questi risulati sembra emergere la possibilità che queste metodiche neurofisiologiche possano essere utilizzate quale mezzo per controllare la progressione della sindrome e l'efficacia di eventuali trials farmacologici.

     

Inhibition of auditory evoked potentials and prepulse inhibition of startle in DBA/2J and DBA/2Hsd inbred mouse substrains

Previous data have shown differences among inbred mouse strains in sensory gating of auditory evoked potentials, prepulse inhibition (PPI) of startle, and startle amplitude. These measures of sensory and sensorimotor gating have both been proposed as models for genetic determinants of sensory processing abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia and their first-degree relatives. Data from our laboratory suggest that auditory evoked potentials of DBA/2J mice differ from those previously described for DBA/2Hsd. Therefore, we compared evoked potentials and PPI in these two closely related substrains based on the hypothesis that any observed endophenotypic differences are more likely to distinguish relevant from incidental genetic heterogeneity than similar approaches using inbred strains that vary across the entire genome. We found that DBA/2Hsd substrain exhibited reduced inhibition of evoked potentials and reduced startle relative to the DBA/2J substrain without alterations in auditory sensitivity, amplitude of evoked potentials or PPI of startle. These results suggest that gating of auditory evoked potentials and PPI of startle measure different aspects of neuronal function. The differences between the substrains might reflect genetic drift. Alternatively, differences could arise from different rearing environments or other non-genetic factors. Future studies will attempt to determine the cause of these differences in sensory and sensorimotor processing between these two closely related inbred mouse strains.     

首发和慢性精神分裂症急性期患者的感觉门控P50

目的探讨病程对精神分裂症感觉门控抑制缺陷的影响。方法对58名健康志愿者、38例首发精神分裂症急性期患者和36例慢性精神分裂症急性期患者进行感觉门控研究。应用听觉P50抑制评估感觉门控,实验模式为条件刺激（S1）-测试刺激（S2）模式。结果首发患者、慢性患者及对照组的S1波幅分别为（3.7±2.5）μV、（4.5±2.0）μV和（5.8±3.8）μV（F=5.P〈053,.01）,首发患者的S1波幅低于对照组（P〈0.01）;S2波幅分别为（2.8±1.1）μV、（3.5±1.5）μV和（2.1±1.4）μV（F=11.47,P〈0.01）,首发和慢性患者的S2波幅均高于对照组（P分别为0.02,小于0.01）,并且慢性患者的S2波幅高于首发患者（P=0.02）。P50抑制指标在三组之间差异均有统计学意义（P均小于0.01）,首发和慢性患者的S2/S1波幅比均大于对照组（P均小于0.01）,而S1-S2波幅差值和100（1-S2/S1）均低于对照组（P均小于0.01）,但首发患者和慢性患者之间P50抑制指标差异无统计学意义（P均大于0.05）。结论首发精神分裂症和慢性精神分裂症均存在明显的感觉门控P50抑制缺陷,病程对精神分裂症的感觉门控P50抑制缺陷无明显影响。     

Changes in subcortical visual and auditory evoked potentials following amygdaloid kindling in cats

In this study we dealt with the changes in visual and auditory evoked potentials following kindling, to reveal the distant effects of epileptic activity. The experiments were performed using cats. Visual and auditory evoked potentials were obtained initially. Daily stimulation of 60 Hz (rectangular wave, 1 ms in duration, 500 microA in peak current, 2-s train) was given to the right amygdala, for kindling. After the completion of kindling, evoked responses were recorded again. In the auditory system the changes of responses in the cortex, medial geniculate nucleus, and cochlear nucleus were distinguished. The changes of potentials in the subcortex were larger than those at the cortical level. For visual evoked potentials there was a discrepancy between stimulation with light and electrical stimulation of the optic chiasm. There was no significant change in amplitude of visual evoked potentials by flash. In the case of optic chiasm stimulation, an enlargement of evoked responses was obtained. These results indicate modality-specific change of the auditory system and widespread subcortical change. These results might be caused by some vulnerability of the auditory system in the case of amygdaloid kindling, as a result of the epileptogenic process.