环形光源在干涉仪系统中的应用

 介绍了一种新的环形光源技术来抑制干涉仪系统的本征噪声以提高信噪比。阐述了环形光源抑制干涉仪系统本征噪声的原理,根据条纹对比度和需抑制噪声空间频率的要求,推导得到了环形光源的外半径和内半径。通过与传统的点光源对比实验表明：环形光源模式系统的本征噪声峰谷值小于点光源模式,且没有明显的牛顿环噪声,本征噪声的功率谱密度在空间频率小于2.5 mm ^-1时小于点光源的1/10,系统信噪比在空间频率小于2 ^-1时大于点光源的两倍。     

扩展光源对测量误差的影响

目前,大部分高校做牛顿环实验时,一般采用的都是扩展光源钠光灯．因扩展光源可看成由无穷多点光源组成,可以增加等厚干涉条纹的亮度,所以教材上都指出用扩展光源做牛顿环实验有利无害,但很少强调扩展光源放置的位置和形状对等厚干涉条纹的影响．我们在牛顿环实验中进行探究式教学时发现,扩展光源放置的位置可以影响干涉条纹的形状,     

薄膜干涉条纹的定域

在光学教科书甚至光学专著①中,关于薄膜干涉条纹定域在膜上或膜附近的道理,似乎都没说清楚。本文对此问题作一分析。 1.干涉条纹定域问题的提法 条纹定域是双波场干涉②中提出的,多波场干涉中并无此问题。 对于任何一个双皮场干涉装置,如果是点光源,则到处的干涉条纹对比度皆为1,不存在定域问题。 所以,干涉条纹定域问题是在扩展光源的双波场干涉中提出的。此问题的提法可这样叙述:对于给定的扩展光源和双波场干涉装置,求满足下述条件的空间点p之集合,对于这样的P点,光源上任何两个点Sm和Sn所对应的光程差之差皆不大于λ/4;P点之集合构成…     

环形共光路点衍射干涉仪

建立了一种基于偏振掩膜板与环形共路结构的点衍射干涉仪,通过旋转偏振片可以改变参考光与测试光之间的相对光强,实现干涉条纹对比度的调节,能够获得最高对比度的干涉条纹,并且针对条纹对比度进行了详细的理论分析;由于系统中线性载频幅度极易调节,可以有效地改善傅里叶变换法的相位提取精度;验证性实验被完成。     

合肥光源上采用干涉方法测量束流截面

 束流截面尺寸测量对优化系统参数、确保光源运行至关重要。采用干涉法测量合肥同步辐射光源束流截面垂直方向的尺寸。基于Cittert-Zernike 定理,利用双缝干涉条纹的对比度得出相干度和束流截面尺寸。测量系统由干涉成像与图像处理系统组成。进行了5组试验,试验结果证明了干涉法测量合肥同步辐射束流截面尺寸的可行性。     

载波傅里叶分析法中干涉图的预处理技术研究

提出了一种基于旋滤波法的干涉条纹预处理方法,并将其应用到载波傅里叶分析法中。该方法能较好地处理各种噪声而不会使条纹变模糊。实验证明该方法能有效地去除相干噪声、随机噪声、椒盐噪声、由于光照不均匀引起的较大面积的亮斑或暗斑等噪声,能较好地提高载波傅里叶分析法的精度和重复性。     

用牛顿环产生的干涉条纹测量液体的折射率

提出了用牛顿环实验装置,通过测量干涉条纹的半径来测量液体折射率的方法。     

基于机器视觉的干涉条纹检测

基于机器视觉系统OpenMV,以迈克耳孙干涉仪干涉条纹为研究识别对象,根据光源相干性及干涉条纹动态特性,提出基于灰度采样统计的干涉条纹识别检测算法(干涉条纹同心形态搜索算法),运用MicroPython或Python语言编制实时检测程序,运行结果表明仿真和真实干涉条纹都得到了可靠的检测,精度为0.5个条纹,并且测量不确定度主要由算法制定的此条纹检测精度引起,证明了干涉条纹机器视觉检测方法和技术的有效性.     

劈尖干涉测量激光波长的尝试

依据劈尖干涉原理,采用扩束镜把半导体激光扩束成点光源,再通过平行光管变成平行光后形成劈尖干涉,利用读数显微镜测量相邻两级干涉条纹间距,进而测定半导体激光的波长。这种方法操作简单实用,具有较高的测量精度。     

用数字滤波消除散斑条纹图噪声

本文讨论了散斑摄影条纹图的噪声来源及模型,设计合适的数字滤波器.采取正交实验手段,全面分析了噪声、条纹对比度和密度对条纹方向及间距测量精度的影响.     

Scintillation optimization of radial Gaussian beam array propagating through Kolmogorov turbulence

The analytical expression for scintillation index of radial Gaussian beam array with coherent combination based on Kolmogorov power-law spectrum in the horizontal path is derived. The influences of the beam number and ring radius on the scintillation index are studied. The results show that the scintillation index can be reduced by increasing beam number and an optimum ring radius is proved to exist. Further, the optimum ring radius greatly depends on the source size and exists only in a certain range of the source size determined by the propagating distance. Additionally, the scintillation index distributions at the receiver greatly depend on the source size.     

Phase-shifting Zernike phase contrast microscopy for quantitative phase measurement

Zernike phase contrast microscopy is extended and combined with a phase-shifting mechanism to perform quantitative phase measurements of microscopic objects. Dozens of discrete point light sources on a ring are constructed for illumination. For each point light source, three different levels of point-like phase steps are designed, which are alternatively located along a ring on a silica plate to perform phase retardation on the undiffracted (dc) component of the object waves. These three levels of the phase steps are respectively selected by rotating the silica plate. Thus, quantitative evaluation of phase specimens can be performed via phase-shifting mechanism. The proposed method has low "halo" and "shade-off" effects, low coherent noise level, and high lateral resolution due to the improved illumination scheme.     

The distribution of headways in traffic noise simulation

In recent years researchers in jet turbulence and jet noise have become increasingly interested in what is termed “large scale coherent jet structures”. There is now considerable evidence that azimuthally coherent structures can be generated by acoustically forcing a jet from upstream. However, the evidence for such structures in unforced jets, except close to the nozzle at low Reynolds numbers, is, at best, circumstantial. The role of such structures in subsonic jet noise production is also completely unproven. In an attempt to establish a link between azimuthally coherent structures and the jet noise field a number of experimenters have recently made azimuthal cross-correlation measurements of either the near field pressure or far field noise, and used the observed coherence to infer the existence of an azimuthally coherent source field. The term azimuthally coherent is used here to infer that the source region is dominated by low order azimuthal components, with relatively little contribution coming from the higher azimuthal components. The purpose of this paper is to question the interpretation of that data. Specifically the sound field generated by a simple ring source with various types of azimuthal coherence is considered theoretically. It is shown that the azimuthal coherence of both the near and far field pressures is principally a function of the Helmholtz number and in many cases of practical interest is relatively insensitive to any coherent structure of the source.     

The impact on the X-ray phase contrast imaging clarity of the light source area

Based on the partially coherent optical theory, a new theoretical model is established about the X-ray light source radius of X-ray phase contrast imaging system. Through the integral phase contrast modulation transfer function, a comprehensive analysis about the light source radius is made. Then the light source radius selection methods are investigated. Finally, an actual imaging experiment is shown to confirm the choice method of light source radius in X-ray phase contrast imaging system.     

Rotating soliton clusters in nonlocal nonlinear media

From the study of the dynamics for the ring-like soliton clusters, we find that there exists a critical value of the ring radius, dcr, for the stationary rotation of the clusters with respect to the beam centre even in the presence of the relatively strong noise, and that the soliton clusters will not rotate but only undergo periodic collisions in the form of simple harmonic oscillator if the ring radius is large enough. We also show that the direction of the rotation can be opposite to the direction of phase gradient when the relative phase difference is within the domain 0 〈 ｜θ｜ 〈 π, while along the direction of phase gradient when the relative phase difference is within the domain π 〈｜θ｜ 〈 2π     

Interaction between acoustic fields of the ambient noise and point surface source

In measuring acoustic field vector properties either complete or partial cancellation between ambient noise energy flux and the oppositely directed one, radiated, for instance, by tone or noise-shaped point source can be found. In that case there is no matter coherent or incoherent fields interact. The phenomenon of interest is named compensation of opposing energy fluxes. The paper is focused on interaction between vertical component of the surface noise energy flux and that of bottom-reflected noise-shaped interfering signal from on-water source in the deep open ocean. Bottom-reflected weak broadband interfering signal measures the extent of resultant compensation. As the vertical projection of the signal energy flux makes the interference maximum, its power appears to be comparable to that of the surface noise and complete compensation takes place at a given frequency. Once it is the interference minimum, just partial compensation can be found. No compensation was observed for co-directional energy fluxes.     

Laser array beam propagation through liver tissue

Laser array beam propagating through mouse liver tissue is investigated. The turbulence power spectrum of the liver tissue is employed in the extended Huygens–Fresnel method to obtain an optical intensity profile and beam broadening at the observation point in biological liver tissue. Variations of the beam profile and the beam broadening are simulated based on the number of beamlets, source size, wavelength and the ring radius of the array. A biological tissue, illuminated by the laser array beam, exhibits different beam profiles and beam spot radius variations when the number of beamlets, source size, wavelength and the ring radius of the laser array beam are varied. Examining these variations observed in the propagated optical beam and comparing them with the test cases, abnormalities such as cancer and tumor in a biological liver tissue can be diagnosed.     

Far-zone approximation for partially coherent sources

A general condition is derived for the distance beyond which the far-zone approximation can be used in studying propagation of light from a partially coherent source. The distance steadily increases as a function of the coherence radius across the source, reaching the usual value in the coherent limit.     

DCC Size Effects on Pion Spectrum Distribution

The effects of two kinds of coherent lengths, the wave packet length of the emitter and the radius of the coherent source, on pion spectrum distribution are studied. It is shown that both coherent lengths can cause abundant pions at low momentum. Observing abundant pions at low momentum may be taken as a signal of DCC effects.