球幕投影数字鱼眼镜头的光学设计

采用非相似成像原理,利用Zemax光学软件设计了一款适用于1-60 cm(0.63英寸)3LCD数字投影机的球幕投影数字鱼眼镜头。镜头结构是一种反远距型光学结构,由5组6片球面透镜组成,具有结构简单、易加工等特点。镜头全视场角为180,焦距为3.28 mm,相对孔径为1/1.9,后工作距离为35.8 mm,光学总长为196 mm。镜头具有较高的成像质量,在50 lp/mm处,各个视场的MTF值均大于0.4,最大垂轴色差为4.5 m,全视场的F-theta畸变绝对值小于3%,最大视场的像面相对照度达到96.27%。     

基于ZEMAX软件的DLP微型投影镜头的设计

 利用ZEMAX光学软件设计出了一款适用于0.55″单片DLP微型投影机的广角数字微型投影镜头。镜头结构由6组8片镜片组成,具有结构简单、体形小、易加工、成本低等特点。镜头的有效焦距为8.25 mm,相对孔径为1/2.2,全视场角为80.5°,最大口径小于24 mm,光学总长控制在40 mm,后工作距离为24 mm。镜头有较好的成像质量,在镜头的分辨率66 lp/mm处,所有视场的MTF值均大于0.45,全视场畸变量的绝对值小于0.7%,垂轴色差小于0.5个像元大小。     

用于光纤传像束的大视场低畸变物镜设计

在大截面传像束前置光学系统设计中,采用负-正型式的像方远心光路结构,在像差校正过程中引入偶次非球面和弯月形厚透镜,可较好地解决镜头轴外像差校正与像面照度均匀性问题,同时使镜头结构紧凑、小型化。通过理论计算和优化,给出工作在660 nm,焦距f=1.22 mm,相对孔径D/f=1∶3,视场角2为60的镜头设计实例。设计结果表明:该镜头各视场在40lp/mm空间频率处的MTF值超过0.8,全视场畸变小于0.05%,场曲低于50m,像面照度均匀,像质优良,满足像方远心光路要求,可用于实际观察和测量。     

星载超广角气溶胶探测仪均匀像面性光学设计

为满足空间遥感的迫切需求,设计了星载低畸变超广角气溶胶探测仪系统.系统中多光谱成像仪的光谱范围为0.860~0.965 μm,全视场角为94°,相对孔径为1∶4,采用反远距结构,系统后工作距离为42 mm.根据反远距结构的像差特点,提出了合理选用易于加工的二次曲面校正畸变,并利用光阑像差产生的有效像差渐晕改善像面照度分布设计方法.运用光学设计软件CODE V和ZEMAX对气溶胶探测仪光学系统进行了光线追迹和优化并对设计结果进行了分析.结果表明,最大畸变为-1.6%,像面上边缘视场的照度大于中心视场照度的46%,光学系统在奈奎斯特频率38.5 lp/mm处的光学传递函数均达到0.59以上,完全满足设计指标要求;体积小,适合空间遥感应用;同时证明了设计方法是可行的.     

星载多角度偏振成像仪光学系统设计

星载多角度偏振成像仪是一种超广角画幅式低畸变成像的偏振传感器。介绍了多角度偏振成像仪的基本工作原理,从保证偏振测量精度和大视场成像质量要求出发,分析了光学系统的设计难点及光学系统的结构型式,最终采用了反远距型像方远心光路结构。根据光路结构的像差特点,采用非球面镜校正畸变及像散,改善像面照度的均匀性,依据这样的思路,运用光学设计软件对多角度偏振成像仪的光学系统进行了光线追迹和优化,其工作光谱范围为420~930 nm,全视场角为118.74°,焦距为4.833 mm,相对孔径为1:4,并对设计系统进行了像质评价,结果表明,光学系统的传递函数在全视场大于0.5@22.22 lp/mm,最大畸变为0.9669%,像面相对照度均匀性高于97%,经过光学系统的加工制造装调,成像质量满足实际任务要求。     

星载均匀像面低畸变广角气溶胶探测仪的研制

为满足空间遥感的迫切需求,设计并研制了一个星载均匀像面低畸变广角气溶胶探测仪样机.该仪器通过利用光阑像差产生的有效像差渐晕提高像面照度的均匀性,解决了广角系统中像面照度不均匀的问题.合理选择结构型式校正了畸变,并且采用全球面光学系统,易于加工和检测.广角气溶胶探测仪的中心波长为670 nm,带宽20 nm,全视场72°,相对孔径1/3.6,焦距20mm.实验结果表明:研制的星载广角气溶胶探测仪镜头其入瞳大小5.6 mm,边缘视场的相对照度达到95.6％,在36 lp/mm处,轴上视场的调制传递函数值大于0.61,轴外视场的调制传递函数值高于0.58,最大畸变量为-1.95％,完全满足设计指标要求,体积小,适合空间遥感应用.     

采用折反式成像的超短焦距投影物镜设计

为了使投影设备具有超短投影距离,实现大尺寸高清显示画面,设计了一款采用折反式成像光路的具有大相对孔径和小投射比的超短焦距投影物镜。系统使用12mm(0.47in)DMD微显示芯片,在450mm距离处实现了2032mm(80in)的投影画面,采用远心光路提高像面照度均匀性。基于微分几何原理和斯涅尔反射定律,建立自由曲面方程计算自由曲面轮廓线的离散点坐标,运用最小二乘法进行偶次非球面拟合得到非球面反射面,对大视场像差和畸变进行校正。物镜焦距为2.64mm、光学总长193mm、投射比0.25、F数1.83、视场角150°作为参数;各视场MTF值在单个像素对应的奈奎斯特频率处达到0.3以上,水平、垂直TV畸变小于0.5%,投影像面相对照度大于90%。各项指标满足系统设计要求,结构简单,易于加工和生产。     

基于ZEMAX软件的短焦数字投影镜头的设计

利用ZEMAX光学软件设计了一款适用于部分2.03 cm(0.8英寸)单片DLP投影机机型的短焦(广角)数字投影镜头。该镜头结构由10片透镜组成,具有结构简单、生产成本低、易加工等特点。镜头的全视场角2w达到80,°相对孔径约为1/2.1,有效焦距约为12.7 mm,等效后截距约为37 mm,其投射比约为0.78/1,即1 m的投射距离可以投射出160.02 cm(63英寸)的画面。镜头有较好的成像质量,在分辨率极限35 lp/mm处,0.7视场以内的MTF值均大于0.35,在1/2分辨率极限处大部分视场的MTF值大于0.7,全视场畸变量的绝对值小于3%。     

星载均匀像面低畸变广角气溶胶探测仪的研制

为满足空间遥感的迫切需求,设计并研制了一个星载均匀像面低畸变广角气溶胶探测仪样机.该仪器通过利用光阑像差产生的有效像差渐晕提高像面照度的均匀性,解决了广角系统中像面照度不均匀的问题.合理选择结构型式校正了畸变,并且采用全球面光学系统,易于加工和检测.广角气溶胶探测仪的中心波长为670 nm,带宽20 nm,全视场72°,相对孔径1/3.6,焦距20 mm.实验结果表明:研制的星载广角气溶胶探测仪镜头其入瞳大小5.6 mm,边缘视场的相对照度达到95.6%,在36 lp/mm处,轴上视场的调制传递函数值大于0.61,轴外视场的调制传递函数值高于0.58,最大畸变量为-1.95%,完全满足设计指标要求,体积小,适合空间遥感应用.     

基于ZEMAX的大视场投影镜头设计

针对大视场投影镜头的设计问题,利用ZEMAX光学设计软件,通过各种操作数对镜头的基本参数和外形尺寸进行限制,并利用镜头架构的方式进行优化及大视场投影镜头的设计。其主要光学参量为:焦距为13.6 mm,全视场角为60°,相对孔径为1/1.6。设计结果表明:镜头的最大畸变量绝对值小于3% ,最大场曲小于0.06 mm,全视场MTF值在空间频率50 lp/mm时高于0.6,基本达到衍射极限。该镜头由10片球面镜组成,光学系统结构紧凑、易加工。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.