调谐耦合场作用下的无反转光放大

 讨论了调谐耦合场作用下的Λ型三能级系统中的无反转光放大（AWI）现象,调谐耦合场同时激励两个基态精细结构能级与激发态能级之间的跃迁,使系统同时呈现电磁诱导透明（EIT）和自发诱导相干凹陷两种特性,而且当调节这个耦合场的频率失谐量在某一特定范围时,系统会在EIT信号上叠加出现AWI现象。研究结果表明：该系统中EIT和自发诱导相干凹陷之间存在能量转移现象,当EIT上出现AWI现象时,虽然激发态能级与基态能级之间没有出现粒子数反转,但是两个基态精细结构能级之间出现了粒子数反转。     

四能级双V型原子系统中考虑自发辐射相干的无粒子数反转激光

提出了一个由两个弱探测场和两个强耦合场驱动的四能级双V型原子系统, 研究发现在四波混频共振条件下, 两探测场均可被放大而无须粒子数反转. 值得注意的是, 由于所选择的激发态为超精细结构的两个近能级, 这里必须考虑自发辐射相干效应的影响. 与不考虑自发辐射相干相比, 同样参数条件下探测场的增益得到大幅度提高.而且, 探测场增益对相位非常敏感, 即增益-吸收线型受相位周期性调制, 同时也受两个偶极矩之间夹角θ制约. 此外还分析了相干抽运场 (强耦合场)的失谐对增益谱线产生的影响. 关键词： 无粒子数反转激光 四波混频 自发辐射相干     

基态精细结构能级之间的量子相干引起的非线性效应

讨论了级联四能级系统中基态精细结构能级之间的量子相干引起的非线性效应。耦合场同时激励激发态的下精细结构能级和基态的两个精细结构能级之间的光学跃迁使系统中出现新吸收峰。研究结果表明,基态精细结构能级之间的粒子弛豫速率越小,量子相干效应越显著,但是增大耦合场的Rabi频率会削弱这种量子相干效应。     

基态精细结构能级之间的量子相干引起的非线性效应

讨论了级联四能级系统中基态精细结构能级之间的量子相干引起的非线性效应。耦合场同时激励激发态的下精细结构能级和基态的两个精细结构能级之间的光学跃迁使系统中出现新吸收峰。研究结果表明,基态精细结构能级之间的粒子弛豫速率越小,量子相干效应越显著,但是增大耦合场的Rabi频率会削弱这种量子相干效应。     

利用微波场抑制电磁感应透明的功率展宽

电磁感应透明的重要参量之一是透明窗口的光谱线宽。在Λ-型三能级原子系统中,电磁感应透明的光谱线宽由两低能级间的相干失相速率决定,若两低能级同属于原子基态的精细结构,则电磁感应透明窗口的极限线宽很窄。但较强的耦合场作用往往会导致电磁感应透明窗口的功率展宽,而减弱耦合场又会影响电磁感应透明的对比度和深度。为此,通过引入微波控制场共振作用于基态精细能级间构成三场作用下的准Λ-型四能级系统,利用微波控制场来抑制耦合场所引起的电磁感应透明窗口的功率展宽。结果表明,引入微波控制场不仅得到了双窗口电磁感应透明,而且在保持较好对比度的条件下,使得电磁感应透明的光谱线宽明显小于不加微波场的情况。     

射频驱动下电磁诱导透明窗口的分裂和增益的出现

在Λ型三能级系统的基础上引入两个共振射频场, 通过详细讨论系统的探测吸收特性随两个射频场Rabi频率取不同值时的变化规律, 得出电磁诱导透明(EIT)的分裂规律以及EIT上出现增益现象的产生条件.研究结果表明: 两个射频场对系统所起的控制作用不同, 控制基态精细结构能级之间跃迁的射频场对EIT的分裂起作用, 而控制激发态精细结构能级之间跃迁的射频场不会导致EIT的分裂; 而且, 只有当控制基态精细结构能级之间跃迁的射频场的Rabi频率大于控制激发态精细结构能级之间跃迁的射频场的Rabi频率时, 才能产生EIT与增益相叠加的新特性. 关键词： 射频场 电磁诱导透明 增益 精细结构能级     

微波场作用下三能级原子系统的无反转光放大

研究了外加微波场作用下三能级原子系统的无粒子数反转放大特性. 通过求解系统的密度矩阵方程得到其探测吸收谱. 结果表明, 介质对探测场的吸收呈现多峰结构, 并且在强微波驱动场的作用下, 特定范围内出现了明显的负吸收(即光放大). 进一步定量分析各能级粒子数布居随作用场强度的变化, 揭示出该三能级原子系统呈现无粒子数反转光放大的规律. 最后, 采用缀饰态理论对探测吸收特性做出了准确的解释.     

耦合场失谐对闭合Λ型四能级系统中电磁诱导透明和电磁诱导吸收的影响

电磁诱导透明(EIT)和电磁诱导吸收(EIA)是光与物质相互作用中表现出来的奇特的非线性效应,对其形成机理及非线性特性的研究具有重要的理论意义和巨大的潜在应用价值.构建一个闭合Λ型四能级系统包括两个基态精细结构能级和两个激发态精细结构能级,除耦合场和探测场外,还附加了两个射频场分别作用于激发态精细结构能级和基态精细结构...     

V型系统中自发辐射相干效应对无反转粒子数激光产生条件的影响

本文从理论上讨论了自发辐射相干效应 (Spontaneously Generated Coherence, 简记为SGC) 对V型原子中无反转激光 (Lasing Without Inversion, 简记为LWI) 产生条件的影响.在V型原子中,当其上两个能级为简并或近简并能级时 (如Zeeman分裂能级),会出现SGC效应.研究表明,在SGC效应起作用的情况下,无需外加非相干泵浦场或者两上能级间的粒子数的衰减,也能实现LWI.然而,在产生LWI的区域中,SGC效应并非永远对产生LWI作正的贡献,在某些区域SGC项甚至会削弱LWI 的产生.本文给出了产生LWI的条件,并讨论了一类新型的量子相干效应.     

光学-射频场双驱动原子系统中的透明与吸收特性的调控

光与物质的相互作用可以产生许多奇特的量子光学现象,电磁诱导透明和电磁诱导吸收是其中最典型的现象.本文在通常的Λ型三能级系统中引入射频场作用于激发态的精细结构能级之间,组成光学-射频双驱动场共同激发原子的相干跃迁,使系统的吸收特性出现电磁诱导透明和电磁诱导吸收两种量子相干效应.通过讨论双驱动场开启后直到系统达到稳定的量子相干过程,分析电磁诱导透明和电磁诱导吸收随时间的产生和转化,得到两种量子相干现象之间的关联性及对其进行量子调控的方法.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.     

A novel methodology for photometric compensation of projection display on patterned screen

We propose a novel methodology based on the projector-camera (ProCam) system to address the photometric compensation issue for the projection display on the patterned screen.The patterned screen is treated as the combination of a perfect white screen and a color modulator.The perfect white screen is used to automatically and accurately characterize the ProCam system offline using the polynomial model,and the parameters of the color modulator can be efficiently recovered by employing only two gray images based on the linear reflectance model.The experimental results show that the color artifacts of the display image can be greatly improved with this methodology,which demonstrates its feasibility and validity in the photometric compensation.