不同内固定方法治疗肱骨干骨折疗效对比

目的:比较切开复位钢板内固定、闭合复位顺行及逆行髓内钉内固定治疗肱骨干骨折的效果。方法:采用切开复位钢板内固定治疗肱骨干骨折24例,闭合复位顺行髓内钉内固定治疗肱骨干骨折31例,闭合复位逆行髓钉内固定治疗肱骨干骨折38例。对比3组手术情况、并发症、生物力学、骨折愈合、功能恢复等。结果:3组随访6～16个月,平均6.5个月。3组间手术时间、术中失血量、平均骨折愈合时间无统计学差异;术后并发症顺行髓内钉内固定组和逆行髓内钉内固定组明显低于钢板内固定组。结论:髓内钉内固定操作简单安全、并发症少,优于钢板内固定。逆行髓钉内固定在功能恢复、手术操作等方面优于顺行髓钉内固定。     

锁定钢板与髓内钉治疗肱骨近端骨折的疗效对比

[目的]比较切开复位锁定钢板内固定与闭合复位髓内钉治疗肱骨近端骨折的临床疗效及安全性。[方法]对2014年2月~2016年2月收治的103例肱骨近端骨折患者病例资料进行回顾性分析,行切开复位锁定钢板内固定治疗55例(钢板组),行闭合复位髓内钉内固定治疗48例(髓内钉组)。[结果]本组患者获得6~24个月随访,平均13.2个月。两组患者手术时间、术中出血量及手术切口比较差异均有统计学意(P<0.05)。两组骨折愈合时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后按照Neer肩关节功能评分标准,在骨折愈合时行肩关节功能评分,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而术后6个月两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]锁定钢板与髓内钉内固定治疗肱骨近端骨折术后远期肩关节功能无明显差异,但短期内肩关节功能差异明显。髓内钉内固定可以减少手术创伤,较早恢复肩关节功能,在严格掌握手术适应证的情况下,建议优先选择髓内钉内固定治疗肱骨近端骨折。     

肱骨干骨折钢板固定与髓内钉固定治疗的分析

[目的]分析钢板和髓内钉治疗须骨干骨折的效果.[方法]选择75例肱骨干骨折钢板或髓内钉固定患者,统计肱骨干骨折类型,手术操作时间,手术中失血量及术后伤口引流量,术后并发症发生情况,伤侧肩关节和肘关节功能恢复及骨折愈合时间.对统计结果进行t检验或Kolmogorov-5mimov检验.[结果]钢板和髓内钉可应用于各种类型肱骨干骨折固定,前者平均手术操作时间为162.11 min,后者为143.5 min,差异不显著;钢板固定术中平均出血量为541.73 ml,术后伤口平均引流量为130.4 ml,髓内钉组术中失血225.67 ml,术后伤口引流量为67.22 ml,两项指标在两种治疗方法之间存在显著差异;两种治疗方法术后骨折均愈合,钢板固定组愈合时间平均为13.58周,髓内钉固定组为12.97周,差异不显著;钢板固定组肩关节和肘关节功能评分平均为90.89分和89.69分,髓内钉固定组平均为89.70分和90.10分,两组肩关节和肘关节功能恢复没有明显差异;12例(26.67%)钢板固定患者术后出现挠神经损伤体征,1例(2.22%)发生感染,髓内钉固定组没有明显并发症发生.[结论I钢板和髓内钉均可用于固定各种类型肱骨干骨折.钢板固定易损伤挠神经,术中出血多,术后引流量大;髓内钉固定肱骨干骨折以闭合治疗为主,手术操作比较安全.两种治疗方法在手术操作时间、骨折愈合率和愈合时间及肩、肘关节功能恢复方面相近.     

顺行交锁髓内钉与锁定钢板内固定治疗肱骨干骨折疗效比较

目的比较顺行交锁髓内钉与锁定钢板内固定治疗肱骨干骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2012-02—2016-03诊治的45例新鲜闭合性肱骨干骨折,26例采用切开复位锁定钢板内固定治疗(钢板组),19例采用闭合复位顺行交锁髓内钉内固定治疗(髓内钉组)。比较2组手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间,末次随访时肩关节功能Neer评分与肘关节功能Mayo评分,以及并发症情况。结果 45例均获得随访,钢板组随访时间平均20.9(12～36)个月,髓内钉组随访时间平均22.3(12～35)个月。与钢板组比较,髓内钉组手术时间更短,术中出血量更少,但末次随访时肩关节功能Neer评分更低,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。钢板组与髓内钉组骨折愈合时间、末次随访时肘关节功能Mayo评分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。钢板组与髓内钉组并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对于新鲜闭合性肱骨干骨折,锁定钢板内固定术后患者肩关节功能恢复更好,但手术创伤大、医源性桡神经损伤发生率更高;顺行交锁髓内钉内固定创伤小、生物力学性能优、不易造成桡神经损伤,但术中需切开肩袖而影响术后肩关节功能。     

锁定钢板与交锁髓内钉内固定治疗肱骨外科颈骨折的疗效比较

目的比较锁定钢板与交锁髓内钉内固定治疗肱骨外科颈骨折的临床疗效。方法 52例符合纳入标准的肱骨外科颈骨折分为锁定钢板组和髓内钉组,每组各26例。锁定钢板组采用切开复位锁定钢板内固定,髓内钉组采用闭合或有限切开复位交锁髓内钉内固定。比较2组手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间及术后6个月Neer肩关节功能评分。结果 52例术后获得平均7.37(6~11)个月随访。术后6个月Neer肩关节功能评分:锁定钢板组优12例,良10例,可2例,差2例,优良率84.62%;髓内钉组优12例,良11例,可2例,差1例,优良率88.46%。2组手术时间、术后6个月Neer肩关节功能评分优良率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。与锁定钢板组相比,髓内钉组术中出血量减少,骨折愈合时间缩短,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论锁定钢板与交锁髓内钉内固定治疗肱骨外科颈骨折术后肩关节功能无明显差异,但交锁髓内钉内固定可以减少手术创伤,促进骨折愈合。在掌握手术技巧后,建议优先选择交锁髓内钉内固定治疗肱骨外科颈骨折。     

分步复位与有限切开复位髓内钉固定治疗股骨转子下骨折的疗效比较

目的:比较分步闭合复位髓内钉固定与有限切开复位髓内钉固定治疗股骨转子下骨折的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2014年1月至2020年4月符合纳入标准的46例股骨转子下骨折患者,采用仰卧位分二步闭合复位髓内钉固定24例(闭合复位组),男16例,女8例,年龄34～91(55.42±18.25)岁。采用有限切开复位髓内钉固定22例(有限切开组),其中男15例,女7例,年龄33～87(56.31±14.77)岁。记录两组患者的手术时间,术中出血量,并发症,骨折愈合时间。术后8个月随访时采用髋关节Harris评分系统评估关节功能。结果:所有患者顺利完成手术,无切口感染发生。所有患者获得随访,时间8～36(18.2±6.1)个月。闭合复位组术中出血量、手术时间分别为(157.92±51.07) ml、(82.08±13.43) min,有限切开组分别为(230.91±87.88) ml、(92.73±12.79) min,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组骨折愈合时间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组术后并发肺部感染各2例,经内科治疗后痊愈。术后8个月闭合复位组Harris评分(88.42±6.85)分与有限切开组(88.55±6.31)分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:分步闭合复位髓内钉固定及有限切开复位髓内钉固定治疗股骨转子下骨折均可获得满意效果,但分步复位髓内钉固定手术创伤小,手术时间短,术中出血少。     

闭合复位弹性髓内钉与切开复位钢板内固定治疗儿童长骨干骨折的疗效比较

目的比较闭合复位弹性髓内钉与切开复位钢板内固定治疗儿童长骨干骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2013-01—2015-12诊治的104例儿童长骨干骨折,采用闭合复位弹性髓内钉内固定56例(髓内钉组),采用切开复位钢板内固定48例(钢板组)。比较2组手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、骨折愈合时间、下地负重时间、并发症发生率,骨折愈合后评定关节功能。结果 104例均获得随访10~24个月,平均16个月。髓内钉组出现3例钉尾激惹反应。钢板组6例骨折延迟愈合,4例取出钢板后再骨折。髓内钉组在手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、骨折愈合时间、下地负重时间、并发症发生率、术后关节功能方面优于钢板组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论闭合复位弹性髓内钉内固定治疗儿童长骨干骨折的疗效显著,术后恢复快,并发症发生率低。     

带锁髓内钉和锁定钢板内固定治疗肱骨干骨折的疗效比较

目的比较带锁髓内钉和锁定钢板内固定治疗肱骨干骨折的临床效果。方法对38例肱骨干骨折采用带锁髓内钉内固定(髓内钉组)17例,锁定钢板(锁定钢板组)21例。结果髓内钉组发生桡神经损伤1例,锁定钢板组发生2例,差异有统计学意义;髓内钉组发生延时愈合1例,锁定钢板组发生3例,差异有统计学意义;髓内钉组肩关节评分为(78.71±5.64)分,肘关节评分为(90.33±1.73)分,锁定钢板组肩关节评分为(88.23±3.24)分,肘关节评分为(91.44±2.22)分。两组肩关节评分差异有统计学意义,肘关节评分差异无统计学意义。结论带锁髓内钉固定和锁定钢板内固定治疗肱骨干骨折均可获得良好的疗效。髓内钉内固定易影响邻近关节的功能,而锁定钢板内固定更容易引起桡神经损伤及骨折的延时愈合。     

钢板与髓内钉治疗“内翻型”肱骨近端骨折的对比

[目的]对比切开复位钢板与闭合复位Trigen髓内钉内固定治疗"内翻型"肱骨近端骨折的临床疗效。[方法]回顾性分析2015年1月～2018年1月收治的"内翻型"肱骨近端骨折患者病例资料,其中采用切开复位钢板内固定治疗即开放钢板组39例,骨折按Neer分型:2部分30例,3部分4例,4部分3例,骨折脱位型2例;采用闭合复位Trigen髓内钉内固定治疗即闭合髓内钉组43例,2部分38例,3部分3例,4部分1例,骨折脱位型1例。[结果]两组患者均顺利手术,无血管、神经损伤等严重并发症。开放钢板组在手术时间、术中出血量、切口长度及术后引流量方面显著多于闭合髓内钉组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),82例患者随访12～48个月,平均(19.73±4.59)个月。随术后时间延长,两组患者Constant-Murley评分均显著增加,不同时间点间差异有统计学意义(P0.05),但术后1个月,开放钢板组的Constant-Murley评分低于闭合髓内钉组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),但术后6个月和末次随访时,两组间Constant-Murley评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。影像显示两组患者骨折均愈合,骨折愈合时间的差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。术后两组患者颈干角均较术前显著增加,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术前和术后1周时两组间颈干角的差异无统计意义(P0.05),末次随访时,两组颈干角均较术后1周时稍有丢失,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。至末次随访时,两组患者均未见内固定物松动、移位或断裂等并发症,开放钢板组1例出现肱骨头坏死。[结论]切开复位钢板与闭合复位Trigen髓内钉内固定治疗"内翻型"肱骨近端骨折均能获得较好效果,闭合复位Trigen髓内钉治疗创伤更小的同时,并发症的发生率也更少。     

闭合复位带锁髓内钉与切开复位钢板内固定治疗尺桡骨双骨折的比较

目的 探讨尺桡骨双骨折闭合复位髓内钉内固定与切开复位钢板内固定疗效比较.方法 手术治疗30例尺桡骨双骨折,其中11例行闭合复位带锁髓内钉固定19例行切开复位钢板螺钉内固定.结果 闭合复位带锁髓内钉固定术与切开复位钢板螺钉内固定术对骨折的愈合及旋转功能恢复影响无显著性差异(P=0.3931)结论闭合复位带锁髓内钉固定操作简便、创伤小、不剥离骨膜、不植骨、容易拔除、无再骨折,更适宜治疗尺桡骨双骨折.     

Functional long-term outcome of the shoulder after antegrade intramedullary nailing in humeral diaphyseal fractures

Intramedullary nailing is one of the most commonly used surgical treatments for humeral diaphyseal fractures. Once an intramedullary fixation technique has been selected, the choice between antegrade or retrograde approach remains controversial. Forty patients with humeral diaphyseal fracture treated with Seidel antegrade intramedullary nailing through an "danterior deltoid incision" (ADI) were evaluated after an average period of 62 months. Clinical and functional evaluation of the shoulder was performed using the Constant Score. Results were excellent in 33 patients, good in 5 and acceptable in 2. Radiological assessment was performed using antero-posterior (AP) and latero-lateral (LL) radiographs of the humerus and AP and Neer radiographs of the shoulder. Radiographic findings demonstrated good consolidation of all fractures; nail and locking proximal screw malpositioning were detected in 2 cases (2 patients with acceptable results). The positive results obtained for shoulder function correlate with patient age and demonstrate that antegrade intramedullary nailing is a valid option for the treatment of humeral diaphyseal fractures, as long as it is performed through ADI access and with the appropriate surgical technique. Surgical technical errors will lead to functional problems of the shoulder, which in some cases will not be completely eliminated even after nail removal.     

弹性髓内钉治疗儿童尺桡骨骨折的临床疗效

目的探讨弹性髓内钉治疗儿童尺桡骨骨折的临床疗效和安全性。方法手术治疗110例尺桡骨骨折患儿,根据治疗方法分为两组:髓内钉组67例采用闭合复位弹性髓内钉治疗,钢板组43例采用切开复位动力加压钢板治疗。比较两组临床效果和术后并发症发生率。结果手术时间:髓内钉组为32~41(36.92±4.21)min,短于钢板组的73~87(80.51±6.64)min(P0.05)。术中失血量:髓内钉组为11~17(14.15±2.86)ml,少于钢板组的的147~171(154.26±16.90)ml(P0.05)。骨折愈合时间和住院时间:髓内钉组分别为4~8(6.18±2.33)周、5~7(6.21±1.09)d,短于钢板组的8~12(10.12±2.76)周、9~13(11.80±2.11)d;住院费用:髓内钉组为0.84~1.31(1.09±0.24)万元,少于钢板组的0.99~1.50(1.09±0.24)万元;两组3项比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。Anderson评分优良率:髓内钉组为94.03%,钢板组为93.02%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);术后并发症发生率:髓内钉组为1.49%,钢板组为13.95%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论儿童尺桡骨骨折采用闭合复位弹性髓内钉治疗手术创伤小,术后恢复快,并发症少,且能减轻患者经济负担。     

Comparison of the use of the humerus intramedullary nail and dynamic compression plate for the management of diaphyseal fractures of the humerus. A randomised controlled study

The aim of this study was to compare the results of the humerus intramedullary nail (IMN) and dynamic compression plate (DCP) for the management of diaphyseal fractures of the humerus. Forty-seven patients with diaphyseal fracture of the shaft of the humerus were randomised prospectively and treated by open reduction and internal fixation with IMN or DCP. The criteria for inclusion were grade 1 or 2a compound fractures, polytrauma, early failure of conservative treatment and unstable fractures. The patients with pathological fractures, grade 3 open fractures, refractures and old neglected fractures of the humerus were excluded from the study. Twenty-three patients underwent internal fixation by IMN and 24 by DCP. Reamed antegrade nailing was done in all cases. DCP was done through an anterolateral or posterior approach. The outcome was assessed in terms of the union time, union rate, functional outcome and the incidence of complications. Functional outcome was assessed using the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons' Score (ASES). On comparing the results by independent samples t test, there was no significant difference in ASES scores between the two groups (P>0.05). The average union time was found to be significantly lower for IMN as compared to DCP (P<0.05). The union rate was found to be similar in both groups. Complications such as infection were found to be higher with DCP as compared to IMN, while shortening of the arm (1.5-4 cm) and restriction of shoulder movements due to impingement by the nail were found to be higher with IMN as compared to DCP. However, this improved in all patients following the removal of the nail once the fracture had healed. This study proves that IMN can be considered a better surgical option for the management of diaphyseal fractures of the humerus as it offers a short union time and lower incidence of serious complications like infection. However, there appears to be no difference between the two groups in terms of the rate of union and functional outcome.     

新型交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨骨折

目的：设计出新型交锁髓内钉用于治疗肱骨骨折,方法：通过总结顺行及逆行肱骨交锁髓内钉及国人肱骨特点,设计出新型通用肱骨交锁髓内钉用于临床治疗肱骨骨折12例,结果：12例手术均获得成功,骨折全部愈合,肩－肘关节功能恢复正常,疼痛减轻或消失。结论：新型交锁髓内钉可应用于各型肱同骨折,尤其是多段,粉碎性肱骨骨折,骨不连和病理性骨折的治疗。     

髓内钉与钢板治疗肱骨干骨折79例疗效比较

目的　比较交锁髓内钉与加压钢板治疗肱骨干骨折的疗效以提高肱骨干骨折的治疗水平。方法　手术治疗 79例 ,肱骨干骨折 ,其中肱骨加压钢板内固定 5 6例 ,交锁髓内钉固定 2 3例 ,骨折均为闭合性 ,比较两种技术的手术时间、住院时间、骨折愈合时间等疗效指标和桡神经损伤、骨不连、肩关节功能障碍等并发症发生情况。结果　与钢板内固定相比 ,髓内钉内固定操作的手术时间短 (P <0 0 1) ,骨折愈合时间提前 (P <0 0 1) ,而住院时间两者之间没有统计学差异 (P >0 0 5 )。髓内钉内固定未发生骨不连 ,钢板有 9例出现骨不连接。暂时性的桡神经麻痹钢板与髓内钉分别为 6例、 1例 ,肩功能功能障碍分别为3例、 5例 ,所有病例未发生骨感染。结论　与钢板相比交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨干骨折的治愈率高 ,并发症少。     

闭合复位顺行髓内钉固定治疗股骨干骨折

目的探讨闭合复位顺行髓内钉固定治疗股骨干骨折的临床疗效。方法采用闭合复位顺行髓内钉固定治疗40例股骨干骨折患者。记录手术时间、术中出血量、术中放射线曝露时间,观察骨折愈合时间及并发症情况。结果手术时间50~120(85.00±19.71)min,术中出血量100~400(250.00±75.11)ml,放射线曝露时间10~50(30.00±10.44)min。患者均获得随访,时间10~24(16.60±3.16)个月。骨折愈合时间15~24(17.68±2.59)周。无内固定松动、断裂,未发生切口感染、深静脉血栓形成、深部感染等并发症。结论闭合复位顺行髓内钉固定是治疗股骨干骨折的有效方法,具有操作简单、创伤小、有利于骨折愈合的优点,临床效果满意。     

交锁髓内钉治疗前臂双骨折的疗效分析

目的:分析并比较髓内钉和钢板螺钉内固定治疗前臂尺、桡骨骨干骨折的疗效。方法:回顾性分析我院自2013年1月至2017年12月采用交锁髓内钉和钢板治疗前臂尺、桡骨干骨折的患者资料,比较两组患者的一般资料(年龄、性别、骨折类型)、术中情况(出血量、切口长度、术中C臂机透视次数)、术后疗效(并发症、骨折愈合时间、功能情况)。...     

可吸收髓内针在四肢长骨干骨折中的应用

目的观察可吸收髓内针在四肢长骨干骨折中应用的疗效。方法23例四肢长骨干骨折应用可吸收髓内针内固定。其中,胫骨干骨折18例,肱骨干骨折5例;胫骨骨折中粉碎性骨折8例。结果随访8~31个月。术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合,无切口感染及肿胀积液,无骨髓炎、畸形愈合及骨不连接发生,无毒性反应及副作用,患肢功能良好。结论可吸收髓内针是治疗四肢长骨干骨折较理想的一种内固定方法。     

交锁髓内钉与锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折的疗效研究

目的 探讨交锁髓内钉与锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折的近期疗效.方法 对2003年1月至2008年6月应用交锁髓内钉与锁定钢板治疗的36例肱骨近端骨折患者进行回顾性研究,男11例,女25例;年龄26～78岁,平均60.3岁.根据治疗方法不同分为交锁髓内钉组(21例)与锁定钢板组(15例).按Neer分型:交锁髓内钉组:Ⅱ型6...     

Internal fixation of shaft humerus fractures by dynamic compression plate or interlocking intramedullary nail: a prospective,randomised study

Compare the results of internal fixation of shaft of humerus fractures using dynamic compression plating (DCP) or antegrade interlocking intramedullary nail (IMN). Fifty patients with diaphyseal fracture of the shaft of the humerus and fulfilling the inclusion criterion were randomly assigned to one of the two groups. Twenty-five patients were managed with closed antegrade interlocking intramedullary nail, and 25 underwent open reduction and internal fixation using dynamic compression plating. The mean age of patients with IMN fixation was 37.28 years (SD 12.26) and 37.72 years (SD 12.70) for those who underwent plating. Road traffic accident was the most common mode of injury in both groups. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups with respect to duration of hospital stay, operative time and blood loss. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of union or complications. The functional assessment at the end of 1 year between the two groups did not show any significant difference in outcome. Antegrade interlocking IMN and DCP fixation are comparable when managing diaphyseal shaft of humerus fractures with respect to union rates and complications. Although shoulder related complications are more in the IMN group, however, it is associated with shorter hospital stay, lesser operative time and less blood loss. This makes interlocking IMN an effective option in managing these fractures.