压敏电阻用于低真空测量的研究

研究了将压敏电阻用于低真空的测量，包括规管和电路，研制成了新型DL-4型真空计。该计测量范围为102～105Pa，性能好，价格便宜。介绍了该真空计的原理、结构与特性。     

金属膨胀式真空计量标准

介绍了新研制的金属膨胀式真空计量标准及其起始压力和体积比的测量方法，讨论了实际气体特性、温度变化和气体吸附等干扰效应，分析了标准装置的不确定度（1σ）。该标准的校准范围为105～10-4Pa，校准电容薄膜规和磁悬浮转子规时不确定度为0．01％～1．0％。     

温度对电容薄膜真空计测量影响的实验研究

采用了一支满量程为1333Pa的绝压式电容薄膜真空计,在金属膨胀式真空标准装置上对其进行温度变化的影响实验研究,包括在开和未开控制单元的规管恒温和温度补偿功能两种情况下环境温度变化的实验,并在实验过程中记录了电容薄膜真空计的零点漂移情况。其中,在打开控制单元的规管恒温和温度补偿功能的条件下,电容薄膜真空计测量准确度非常好。而在未打开控制单元的规管恒温和温度补偿功能的条件下,在10^-2～10^-1Pa两个量级上电容薄膜真空计的示值与标准值有较大偏差,最大偏差为36％;而在1～10^2Pa量级上电容薄膜真空计测量准确度也非常好。     

便携式真空计校准装置

为了解决许多应用领域对真空度的现场校准需求,研制出便携式真空计校准装置.采用直径为200mm的球形容器作为校准室,用两台不同量程的电容薄膜真空计作为参考标准.为实现宽量程校准,装置集成了静态比对法、静态膨胀法及动态流量法三种校准方法.实验结果证实该装置的校准范围可达1×105～4× 10-6 Pa,合成标准不确定度为1.3％ ～4.7％.装置的外形尺寸为450 mm× 400 mm×750 mm,总重量小于40kg.总之,该装置具有体积小、重量轻、便携和成本低等优点.     

MEMS电容薄膜真空计微电容测量研究进展

MEMS电容薄膜真空计的小型化和整体性能与微电容测量电路密切相关。由于不同领域的应用需求,MEMS电容薄膜真空规管具有不同的敏感电容结构,而相应的微电容测量法也不同。单侧电极微电容测量法电路结构简单,易于实现;双侧电极微电容测量法电路结构较复杂,但该电路可以减小寄生电容及温度的影响而获得高分辨率;静电力平衡式结构下微电容测量法用闭环电路,在高精度测量的同时还能拓宽真空计的动态范围。介绍了测量原理、电路结构及性能,可以看出,具有精度高、功耗低、易集成的特点,能够应用于多种不同类型的MEMS电容式传感器的微小电容测量电路,对今后MEMS应用从航空航天等高精尖领域向人工智能物联网领域的拓展具有重要意义。     

真空比对法校准装置的研究

真空比对法校准装置采用了动态直接比对法、静态直接比对法和静态膨胀法,在一台装置上复合了三种方法,满足了拓宽量程的需求.该装置可以1×105-5×10-4 Pa范围内的各类真空规进行校准,是一种结构简单、操作方便、检定效率高、实用性强的真空标准装置.整套装置由涡轮分子泵、校准容器、副标准真空计和金属膨胀阀等部件组成,主要技术指标符合国际标准化组织和国内有关真空标准的规定.     

采用环形感压薄膜的MEMS电容薄膜真空规设计

感压薄膜的结构改良能有效改善MEMS电容薄膜真空规的压力-电容输出特性。为解决MEMS电容薄膜真空规宽量程与高灵敏度相矛盾的问题,设计一种环形结构的感压薄膜,利用有限元的方法分析对比5种环形结构的感压薄膜在不同压力下的变形与应力分布情况。分析认为,同心圆结构的感压薄膜具有最优异的性能,同等感测面积情况下真空规的压力-电容线性输出测量上限能从圆片结构的1.1×103 Pa延伸到同心圆结构的1.2×104 Pa,圆片结构感压薄膜的真空规在1～800 Pa区间内的压力-电容输出非线性度为3.9%,灵敏度为10.1 fF·Pa–1;同心圆结构感压薄膜的真空规结构在1～8 000 Pa区间内的非线性度为3.6%,灵敏度为1.3 fF·Pa–1。     

新型JK—β真空计的设计及特性

介绍了 JK－β新型真空计的设计及特性,该仪器由β放射电离规和测量电路两部分组成,测量范围为 0.1～ 6 000.0 Pa。测量电路采用计算机控制,实施量程自动转换、线性修正和压力自动校准。     

标准静态膨胀法真空装置研制

本装置检定范围(10^-3～10^5)Pa，最佳校准能力0．012％～2．2％．可以检定薄膜真空计。热传导真空计以及电离真空计。该装置的建立不仅满足了从大气到10^-3Pa高真空计量的需求，而且还可以用来校准标准漏孔，拓宽了检测领域。     

多功能真空校准装置

为满足航天器热试验常用真空计及标准漏孔的校准需要,研制了多功能真空校准装置。该装置可用于进行热偶真空计、压阻规、电容薄膜真空规、潘宁规、热阴极电离规等真空测量传感器的校准,同时也可以用于渗透型真空漏孔的校准。装置选用静态比对法、动态比对法、质谱比对法设计建成,真空校准范围为1.33×10~5Pa~1×10~(-4)Pa,真空漏孔校准范围为5×10~(-5)~5×10~(-9)Pa·m~3/s,装置智能化水平高,操作简便,适合真空规管的批量校准。     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to     

Win-Win Cooperation

正The Chinese Premier Li Keqiang's recent trip to the UK has reinforced the China-UK comprehensive strategic partnership;just as the British Prime Minister David Cameron put it,"the relationship is gaining in strength,depth and understanding"after a bucket of business deals being inked worth more than 30 billion US dollars.From the first agreement signing in 2004 to the new agreement of mutual standards recognition and adoption in     

Systematic Approach for Emerging Industry

正A national directory of standards complexes for strategic emerging sectors was recently developed and released jointly by 12governmental departments,namely,SAC,NDRC,MOST,MIIT,MEP,MOA,AQSIQ,State Forest Administration,State Administration of Science and Technology for National Defense,State Oceanic Administration and National Railway Administration.     

Strictest Pollutants Emission Standards

正Four new national standards on air pollutant emission control offi cially issued by the Ministry of Environment Protection(MEP)together with AQSIQ and SAC has been brought into force from July 1,2014.The Emission standard for air pollutants of coal-burning,oil-burning and gasfi red boilers,which is the strictest emission standard historically,will tackle the stubborn pollution problem of boilers and waste incineration in most of China’s regions.     

Instructions to Authors

New Carbon Materials is a bimonthly journal published with the permission of the Ministry of Science and Technology and of the State News and Publication Agency.The journal is sponsored by the Institute of Coal Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and is published by Science Press.Aims and Scope     

Progress on Standards Copyright Protection

正Recently,National Copyright Administration of China(NCAC)has rewarded 215 organizations and 179 individuals for their outstanding efforts on investigating standards copyright infringement and piracy in 2013.Hua Jianhua,the Deputy-Director of National Standards Copyright Protection Workgroup Office won a third prize of the national individual award.In 2012,SAC set up the national standards copyright protection working group,and developed policies to crack down standards infringement and piracy behaviors and to strengthen standards copyright protection.