改性活性碳自组装多孔层毛细管气相色谱柱的研制及其特性评价

采用自组装膜制备技术和超细亚微粒级吸附剂研制高效活性碳多孔层毛细管色谱柱（PLOT），选用K3PO4、K2HPO4和KH2PO4三种不同的磷酸盐对色谱柱进行改性脱活，考察了脱活盐浓度对色谱柱保留行为的影响程度，并采用研制的高效活性碳PLOT毛细管色谱柱对惰性气体和低碳烃（H2、Air、CO、CO2和C1-C4烃）进行了分离分析，结果表明：在高效活性碳PLOT毛细管色谱柱制备工艺中，活性碳吸附剂的最佳粒度为0.5-0.7μm之间；磷酸盐脱活剂的最佳浓度为1.5%，老化时间为250℃；所研制的高效活性碳PLOT毛细管色谱柱对惰性气体和低碳烃具有较好的分离度。     

高效多孔层毛细管柱吸附气相色谱的研究进展

PLOT柱是用于永久性气体,低碳烃和挥发性化合物色谱分析的最有效的工具,经常用于替代经典填充柱,对多孔层开管毛细管柱（PLOT）吸附色谱的分离机理、PLOT柱制备方法和各类吸附剂的色谱特性及其特定应用进行了综述。     

高效PLOT碳分子筛石英毛细管柱的研制及其性能研究

选用碳分子筛作吸附剂 ,用液相沉淀法涂渍出高效PLOT碳分子筛石英毛细管色谱柱 ,并对其色谱性能进行了考察。结果表明 ,该色谱柱具有良好的分离特性 ,1次进样可分离出O2、N2、CO、CO2、CH4、C2H2、C2H4、C2H6 等组分;适用于炼厂气、烟道气、水煤气及变压器油溶解气等的分析。     

原位合成一体化多孔聚合物毛细管色谱柱的研制及其应用

采用全新的两步原位合成法,制备高效一体化U型多孔层聚合物颗粒PLOT Pora-U毛细管色谱柱。先将带有双活性反应基团的γ-三甲氧基硅丙基异丁烯酸酯中的CH3—O—Si—基团与石英毛细管内壁表面的Si—OH反应,在石英毛细管内壁键合上带有活性基团的中间有机层,再原位合成多孔聚合物。该色谱柱具有良好的惰性和较强的分离能力。与一般的商品化PLOT-U色谱柱相比,热稳定性和机械强度有明显的改善和提高,色谱柱最高使用温度提高了20 ℃,达到210 ℃,对强极性物质、强活性化合物、永久性气体以及低碳化合物有较好的分     

液相制备吸附色谱流出峰对称性的若干影响因素

在色谱分离连续性方程和质量传递速率方程基础上,对色谱分离过程进行计算机模拟,定量分析了分离体系的热力学、动力学参数和操作条件对色谱流出峰形对称性的影响。结果表明,吸附相平衡关系、液固两相间的传质阻力及进料体积、进料浓度和流体线速等都将直接影响色谱流出峰形的对称性。流出峰形的不对称程度随着吸附等温线的非线性程度、液固两相间的传质阻力、流体线速、进料体积、进料浓度的增大而增大;在线性条件下,随着吸附剂吸附容量的减小而增大。     

分子筛吸附性质的气相色谱研究

应用气相色谱分析法,研究了空气、氮气、氧气、甲烷在两种新合成的4A、5A分子筛上的吸附和分离性质,根据相关的吸附动力学模型导出了色谱峰与吸附热和吸附活化能关系的公式,并应用他们对检测数据进行了处理,得出了这两种分子筛对上述气体的吸附特征、选择性及吸附热和吸附活化能,以及气体保留时间、吸收峰面积与温度的关系。并且从分子筛的结构特征分析了吸附热和吸附活化能变化的原因。     

对甲苯磺酸二甲铵作为气相色谱固定相分析有机羧酸

采用静态法涂柱以对甲苯磺酸二甲铵做为固定相制备了石英毛细管气相色谱柱(柱尺寸30m×0.5mmi.d,液膜厚度为0.7μm,固定液浓度9.94%W/V),并考察了它们的柱性能及不经衍生直接进样对有机羧酸的分离。实验表明,此种色谱固定相的柱流失温度可达225℃,平均McReynolds常数为304,理论塔板数每米2040块;对C2-C8的一元酸、C12-C16的高碳数酸及苯甲酸与山梨酸等芳香酸具有较好的分离能力并对C2-C8的一元酸进行定量分析(n=1 0),浓度从0.8807%～3.8084%,相对标准偏差在1.22%～4.20%之间。     

原位聚合一体化多孔层开管柱Pora-Q色谱柱的研制

采用全新的两步原位合成法，先通过将带有双活性反应基团γ—三甲氧基硅丙基异丁烯酸酯的CH3-O-Si-基团与石英毛细管内壁表面的Si-0H反应，在石英毛细管内壁键合上带有活性基团的中间有机层，再原位合成多孔聚合物，制成高效一体化Q型聚合物颗粒多孔层开管柱(PLOT)Pora-Q毛细管色谱柱；该色谱柱具有良好的惰性、较强的分离能力；与一般的商品化PLOT-Q色谱柱相比，热稳定性和机械强度有明显的改善和提高，最高使用温度提高了50℃达到300℃，扩展了该种色谱柱的应用范围。     

HPLC柱效对检测水中磺胺二甲基嘧啶色谱条件的影响

研究色谱柱的柱效降低后对高效液相色谱测定水中磺胺二甲基嘧啶色谱条件的影响。比较了新旧色谱柱的分离效果、色谱峰的对称性和峰面积,结果表明,旧色谱柱的柱效降低,对目标物的分离效果变差,目标物的吸收峰面积变小,峰形不对称。对色谱条件进行了优化试验,结果表明,对流动相水相添加0.125%的冰乙酸调节p H值为4.5后色谱峰的峰形对称性和分离效果得到改善。     

C4馏分中微量乙腈的大口径毛细管色谱测定

采用水相萃取富集技术，利用大口径厚液膜HLZ－60石英毛细管色变柱对C4烃抽余液中的微量乙腈进行分析；结果表明LZP－60石英毛细管色谱柱对乙腈化合物具有良好的惰性和色谱选择性；残余烃杂质峰和大量水分不干扰乙腈峰的流出；定量分析结果表明，样品测量的相对标准偏差为15％，其相对误差为7％，色谱分离检测法完全满足实际工作中微量乙腈分析的需要。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.