Collisionless Plasma Expansion in the Presence of a Dipole Magnetic Field

The collisionless interaction of an expanding high–energy plasma cloud with a magnetized background plasma in the presence of a dipole magnetic field is examined in the framework of a 2D3V hybrid (kinetic ions and massless fluid electrons) model. The retardation of the plasma cloud and the dynamics of the perturbed electromagnetic fields and the background plasma are studied for high Alfvén–Mach numbers using the particle–in–cellmethod. It is shown that the plasma cloud expands excluding the ambient magnetic field and the background plasma to form a diamagnetic cavity which is accompanied by the generation of a collisionless shock wave. The energy exchange between the plasma cloud and the background plasma is also studied and qualitative agreement with the analytical model suggested previously is obtained (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Ion-acoustic shock waves and their head-on collision in a dense electron-positron-ion quantum plasma

Ion-acoustic shock waves and their head-on collision in a dense quantum plasma comprised of electrons, positrons, and ions are studied. The extended Poincaré-Lighthill-Kuo perturbation method is used to derive the Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers equations for shock waves in this plasma. The dissipation is introduced by taking into account the kinematic viscosity among the plasma constituents. The effects of the ratio of positrons to ions unperturbation number density μ, the normalized kinematic viscosity ηi0, and the quantum Bohm potential H on the interaction and structure of the shock waves are investigated. It is found that there are integrally vertical downward movements for both the colliding shocks after their head-on collision, but there are no shifts of the postcollision trajectories (phase shifts). It is also found that these plasma parameters can significantly influence the collision and properties of the colliding shocks. The results may have relevance in dense astrophysical plasmas (such as neutron stars or white dwarfs) as well as in intense laser-solid density plasma experiments.     

Non-Markovianity for a qubit system driven by a classical phase noisy laser

The nonlinear interaction between electron-acoustic shock waves in a dissipative, non-Maxwellian plasma composed of cold fluid electrons, stationary background ions, and inertialess superthermal electrons has been studied. The effects of plasma parameters on the trajectory changes (i.e., phase shifts) of shock waves after their head-on collision is our main concern. The results indicate that the interactions between shocks are different from those of solitons. Also, it is found that the occurrence and variation of trajectory shifts may be due to the combined role played by the dispersion and dissipation of the colliding nonlinear structure.     

Colliding Wave Solutions in a Symmetric Non-Metric Theory

A method is given to generate the non-linear interaction (collision) of linearly polarized gravity coupled torsion waves in a non-metric theory. Explicit examples are given in which strong mutual focussing of gravitational waves containing impulsive and shock components coupled with torsion waves does not result in a curvature singularity. However, the collision of purely torsion waves displays a curvature singularity in the region of interaction.     

Nonlinear Structures of Lower Hybrid Wave in Collision Plasmas

Nonlinear structures of lower hybrid wave in collision plasmas are studied using the two-fluid theory.The oscillatory shock wave is observed due to the effects of the electron-neutral collision and the density inhomogeneity.In the cold electron limit,the oscillatory shock wave becomes the ordinary shock wave.In the collisionless limit,the dominated equation becomes Kd V equation and the lower hybrid solitons arise.The amplitude of the nonlinear structure is depressed by the plasma inhomogeneity,but is hardly affected by the electron-neutral collision.     

激光等离子体相互作用的2(1/2)维粒子模拟程序

研制了2(1/2)维粒子模拟程序PLASIM(Plasma Simulator),介绍经过验证的该粒子模拟程序的算法,其特点是自含碰撞,即β粒子云模型的选取使得该程序无需额外的计算开销就能在程序中自洽地含有碰撞,使计算结果更加符合实际情况.另外电子和离子的运动都是相对论的,适于模拟超强激光与等离子体的相互作用.     

Damped dust lattice shock wave in a strongly coupled complex (dusty) plasma

Taking into account “hydrodynamic damping” due to irreversible processes that occur within the system and the neutral drag due to the dust-neutral collision, a Burgers’ equation with a linear damping term is derived for a 1D nonlinear longitudinal dust lattice wave (LDLW) in homogeneous strongly coupled complex (dusty) plasma. The hydrodynamic damping generated-dissipative effect causes the generation of a shock wave in a dusty plasma crystal, whereas the neutral drag-induced dissipative effect causes the decay of the shock intensity with time. The width of the observed compressive shock increases (decreases) with an increase in shielding parameter κ (characteristic length L). Its implication in a glow-discharge plasma is briefly discussed. The text was submitted by the author in English.     

Mathematical Modeling of the Interaction of a Shock Wave with a Dense Cloud of Particles within the Framework of the Two-Fluid Approach

A parametric numerical study of the interaction of a shock wave with a dense cloud of particles is performed. The problem is solved in the framework of the two-fluid approach, with both the gas and dispersed phases are considered compressible media non-equilibrium in velocity and pressure. The system of governing hyperbolic equations was numerically solved using the Harten–Lax–van Leer method. The statement of the problem corresponds to the arrangement of natural experiments. The simulations revealed the main features of the process, such as the formation of transmitted and reflected waves, the movement of the cloud with a steep leading edge and a smeared tailing edge. The amplitudes of the transmitted and reflected waves, as well as the dynamics of the motion of the cloud, are compared to those observed in real experiments. The influence of the parameters of the equation of state of the dispersed phase and some properties of the computational algorithm on the characteristics of the process is examined.     

Interaction of a Plasma Beam with a Transverse Magnetic Barrier

The interaction of an energetic He plasma beam with a quasi step-like transverse magnetic barrier is reported. When the rate of flow of momentum in the incident beam is less than the pressure of the magnetic field, a collisionless electrostatic shock is observed to form in front of the barrier as a result of the drastic compression of the plasma. The initially cold plasma is substantially thermalized by the shock and the electron density is increased by a factor of four. In the opposite limit the plasma penetrates the barrier in a flute-like manner.     

高通量中性原子氧束流的发生与控制

 采用微波同轴耦合氧气放电产生高密度氧等离子体, 经磁场约束后与一施加负偏压的金属板碰撞复合并反射, 得到通量在10¹³~10¹⁶atom/cm²×s范围可控, 动能约为6-10eV的中性氧原子束流。用双探针技术对生成的氧等离子体进行了诊断测量。根据聚酰亚胺在原子氧作用下的剥蚀率对原子氧束流进行了标定测量。     

强激光产生的强磁场及其对弓激波的影响

强激光照射金属线圈后,会在打靶点附近的背景等离子体中诱发冷电子的回流,在金属丝内形成强电流源,从而产生强磁场.本文利用神光II高功率激光器产生的强激光照射金属丝靶,产生了围绕金属丝的环形强磁场.利用B-dot对局域磁感应强度进行了测量,根据测量结果,结合三维模拟程序,反演得到磁场的空间分布.再利用强激光与CH平面靶相互作用产生的超音速等离子体撞击该金属丝,产生了弓激波.通过光学成像手段研究了磁场对冲击波的影响,发现磁场使得弓激波的轮廓变得不明显并且张角变大.同时,通过实验室天体物理定标率,将金属丝表面等离子参数变换到相应的天体参数中,结果证明利用该实验方法可以在实验室中产生类似太阳风的磁化等离子体.     

紧凑型氢等离子体枪设计和实验

 设计了一种紧凑型氢等离子体枪及驱动电路。这种枪采用同轴结构,电极之间有两层石墨环和两层氢化钛,利用氢化钛作为气源储存体,利用表面闪络机制产生等离子体。实验诊断表明,等离子体枪能产生密度为10×¹⁰~10¹²/cm³,半径为1~2cm,长度为60~80cm的等离子体柱,它在磁场导引下存在时间大于400 μs。该枪结构简单、体积小、重量轻、工作电压低、使用方便。适合作为等离子体高功率微波器件中的等离子体源。     

Dynamics of the deformation and destruction of a heterogeneous body (granite) under the influence of an electric discharge

The device is constructed, which makes it possible to simultaneously detect, with a time resolution of 10 ns, fractoluminescence as well as electromagnetic emission and surface deformation observed in a solid during its destruction under the effect of a shock wave. Using this device, time dependences of deformation and destruction of the granite plate caused by an electric breakdown with an energy of 0.2 J in air near its surface are investigated. It is found that the breakdown causes the appearance of a shock wave in granite, the velocity of which is ～5 km/s. The shock wave stimulates emission of a plasma consisting of atoms and ions, which enter into the graphite composition, from the granite surface. It is assumed that the appearance of the plasma is caused by cumulation of the shock wave energy in micropores contained in graphite.     

高温等离子体中固体弹丸消融过程的研究

本文求得了弹丸消融过程的自洽解析解。结果表明:Parks的弹丸消融理论需要修正;弹丸消融速率由消融物云和表面蒸发层共同控制;入射电子通过消融物云时慢化效应并不显著;消融物离开弹丸表面时一般呈部分电离态;聚变堆条件下,弹丸表面可能会出现激波。     

Macroscopic evidence of soliton formation in multiterawatt laser-plasma interaction

A novel physical phenomenon has been observed following the interaction of an intense (10(19) W/cm(2)) laser pulse with an underdense plasma. Long-lived, macroscopic bubblelike structures have been detected through the deflection that the associated electric charge separation causes in a proton probe beam. These structures are interpreted as the remnants of a cloud of relativistic solitons generated in the plasma by the ultraintense laser pulse. This interpretation is supported by an analytical study of the soliton cloud evolution, by particle-in-cell simulations, and by a reconstruction of the proton-beam deflection.     

激光诱导氩气等离子体时间分辨特性研究

激光诱导击穿光谱(L IB S)以激光诱导微等离子体的原子发射为技术特征,在科研与工业领域正得到重视与蓬勃发展.作为环境气体的氩气对等离子体演化过程中粒子的碰撞过程有重要影响,决定着L IBS技术分析性能的发挥.利用光谱诊断技术深入研究LIBS技术条件下氩气的光谱特征,对于提升LIBS技术及其应用水平具有重要的意义.利...     

Dynamics of mass transport and magnetic fields in low-wire-number-array Z pinches

The dynamics of mass transport were observed in a wire array implosion with multiframe laser probing. Plasma bubbles arise at breaks in the wires. Interferometry shows that the leading edge of the bubbles brings material to the axis of the array. The speed of this material was measured to be > or =3 x 10(7) cm/s during the wire array implosion. A shock was observed during the collision of the bubbles with the precursor. The Faraday effect indicates current flowing in breaks on the wires. The current switches from the imploding mass to the on-axis plasma column at the beginning of the x-ray pulse.     

Generation of a purely electrostatic collisionless shock during the expansion of a dense plasma through a rarefied medium

A two-dimensional numerical study of the expansion of a dense plasma through a more rarefied one is reported. The electrostatic ion-acoustic shock, which is generated during the expansion, accelerates the electrons of the rarefied plasma inducing a superthermal population which reduces electron thermal anisotropy. The Weibel instability is therefore not triggered and no self-generated magnetic fields are observed, in contrast with published theoretical results dealing with plasma expansion into vacuum. The shock front develops a filamentary structure which is interpreted as the consequence of the electrostatic ion-ion instability, consistently with published analytical models and experimental results.     

Longitudinal Dust Lattice Shock Wave in a Strongly Coupled Complex Dusty Plasma

The effect of hydrodynamical damping that arises due to the irreversible processes within the system have been studied on 1D nonlinear longitudinal dust lattice wave (LDLW) in homogeneous strongly coupled complex (dusty) plasma. Analytical investigation shows that the nonlinear wave is governed by Korteweg‐de Vries Burgers' equation. This hydrodynamical damping induced dissipative effect is responsible for the Burgers' term that causes the generation of shock wave in dusty plasma crystal. Numerical investigation on the basis of the glow‐discharge plasma parameters reveal that LDLW exhibits both oscillatory and monotonic shock. The shock is compressive in nature and its strength decreases (increases) with the increase of the shielding parameter κ (characteristic length L). The effects of dust‐neutral collision are also discussed. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)