The concentration quenching characteristics of 5D3-7FJ and 5D4-7FJ (J=0―6) transitions of Tb3+ in YBO3:Tb3+ phosphor

The photoluminescence quenching behaviors of ^5D3-^7Fj and ^5D4-^7Fj （J = 0—6） transitions of Tb^3＋ in YBO3：Tb under 130—290 nm excitation were systematically investigated. The results revealed that the quenching concentrations of both ^5D3-^7Fj and ^5D4-^7Fj transitions of Tb^3＋ in YBO3：Tb were mainly dependent on excitation wavelength. Particularly, the quenching concentrations of ^5D4-^7Fj transitions of Tb^3＋ under 130—290 nm excitation were correlated with excitation bands of YBO3：Tb. The quenching concentrations of ^5D3-^7Fj transitions remained at low concentration （2%） under 186—290 nm excitation and then increased gradually with energy of incoming excitation photon when excited at 130—186 nm. This dependence should be involved in their excitation mechanisms and quenching pathway in particular excitation region.[第一段]     

大麻药化学成分研究

 研究大麻药Dolichos falcata Klein的化学成分.大麻药用70%酒精进行提取,然后采用反复硅胶柱色谱法进行分离,根据理化性质和波谱分析数据解析化合物结构.从大麻药中分离得到7个化合物,分别为stig-mast-7,22-dien-3β-ol(Ⅰ),stigmast-7,24-dien-3β-ol-3-O-β-D-glucoside(Ⅱ),大麻药苷A(Ⅲ),十六碳酸(Ⅳ),二十五碳酸(Ⅴ),尿囊素(Ⅵ)及β-胡萝卜苷(Ⅶ).化合物Ⅰ～Ⅱ,Ⅳ～Ⅵ为首次从该属植物中分离得到.     

模拟微重力大鼠T淋巴细胞发育异常的初步研究

对模拟空间微重力条件下大鼠T细胞发育受阻的神经免疫调节机理进行初步探究.采用流式细胞检测技术测定模拟微重力大鼠胸腺中不同发育阶段T淋巴细胞的数量变化,用ELISA法测定胸腺组织中去甲肾上腺素(NE)和内源性糖皮质激素(GC)的含量.结果表明模拟微重力模型大鼠出现明显胸腺萎缩(p<0.05),CD3⁺CD4⁺CD8^-和CD3⁺CD4^-CD8⁺T细胞数量明显减少(p<0.05);模拟微重力大鼠胸腺中NE和GC含量有升高的趋势.模拟微重力大鼠胸腺中发生了从双阳性T细胞向单阳性T细胞的发育阻滞,这种异常可能与神经内分泌免疫调控相关.     

威灵仙水提物对卵形鲳鲹源溶藻弧菌的抑制作用

近年来水产养殖行业不断扩大,但随之而来的鱼病对养殖行业造成了巨大损失.本研究以卵形鲳鲹(前期发病)上分离出的溶藻弧菌为实验对象,批量筛选多种中草药,选择抑菌效果最好的一种或几种中草药,并探究不同浓度中草药水提物的抑菌效果,确定其杀菌浓度(MBC)及最小抑菌浓度(MIC),再通过生化指标胞内乳酸脱氢酶(Lactate d...     

人MiTERF3基因启动子的克隆及其荧光素酶报告基因载体的构建

人MiTERF3基因编码线粒体基因转录和能量代谢的负调控因子。采用PCR技术对人MiTERF3基因5''侧翼上游1251 bp启动子序列进行扩增,并将其克隆至荧光素酶表达载体pGL6-TA,构建人MiTERF3基因启动子荧光素酶报告基因质粒。经酶切、测序鉴定后,将其用脂质体转染体外培养的HEK293细胞株,利用双荧光素酶测定系统检测其表达活性。研究结果表明,克隆获得的1251 bp DNA序列与GenBank报道的一致,且插入方向正确。含人MiTERF3基因启动子的报告基因荧光素酶的表达活性显著提高（P<0.05）,约为对照组（空载体pGL6-TA）的9.8倍。本研究通过对人MiTERF3基因启动子的克隆及其荧光素酶表达载体构建与表达活性的测定,为进一步阐明人MiTERF3基因表达的调控机制奠定实验基础。     

Extraction and Purification of Matrix Protein from the Nacre of Pearl Oyster Pinctada fucata

A soluble matrix protein P14 with an apparent molecular mass of 14.5 kDa was isolated from fragmented nacre of pearl oysters （Pinctada fucata） treated with 10% NaOH solution to investigate the nacre matrix proteins and their effect on the CaCO3 crystal. The protein was characterized by gel exclusion chromatography and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography after demineralization by 10% acetic acid. The X-ray diffraction pattern of P14 crystals indicates that P14 plays an important role in nacre biomineralization. P14 can induce aragonite formation, stimulate CaCO3 crystal formation, and accelerate aragonite precipitation. Heating of the acid insoluble nacre residue, which was named conchiolin, in 10% sodium dodecyl sulfate solution supplemented with 10% β-mercaptoethanol solution for 10-20 min at about 100℃ gave two other soluble proteins having molecular masses of 19.4 kDa and 25.0 kDa. The present study suggests that these two proteins are linked to the insoluble organic matrix by disulfide bridges because the extraction yield increases when β-mercaptoethanol is added to the medium.     

球形棕囊藻北部湾株对不同形态磷源的利用及碱性磷酸酶特性研究

【目的】探讨球形棕囊藻(Phaeocystis globosa)北部湾株BBW PG-01对不同磷源利用能力的差异以及碱性磷酸酶(Alkaline phosphatase,AP)特性,揭示溶解有机磷(Dissolved organic phosphorus,DOP)在该藻赤潮发生时的重要作用。【方法】在实验室培养条件下,以KH_2PO_4(PO_4~(3-))、核糖核酸(RNA)、葡萄糖-6-磷酸钠盐(G-6-P)、三磷酸腺苷二钠(ATP)和卵磷脂(LEC)作为磷源,对比研究BBW PG-01在这5种不同磷源培养条件下的生长特征及碱性磷酸酶活性(Alkaline phosphatase activity,APA),并结合磷饥饿条件下的无机磷吸收动力学及碱性磷酸酶动力学分析其对无机磷和有机磷的竞争机制。【结果】5种形态磷源均可被BBW PG-01利用,RNA为其最优生长磷源,而以大分子有机磷LEC为磷源时生长最差,两者最大细胞密度分别为4.40×10~8 cells/L和2.39×10~8 cells/L,水解大分子DOP可能需要更高的酶活性。动力学研究结果表明,在磷缺乏的条件下,BBW PG-01具有通过高亲和力来竞争磷源以维持生长的能力。【结论】球形棕囊藻北部湾株在AP的作用下,能够利用多种DOP进行生长,且在低磷条件下对无机磷(DIP)和DOP均具有较强的竞争能力,海洋中DOP可能是球形棕囊藻赤潮暴发和维持的重要磷源。     

Diversity and high nitrogenase activity of endophytic diazotrophs isolated from Oryza rufipogon Griff.

Diversity and nitrogenase activity of endophytic diazotrophs colonized in the wild rice Oryza rufipogon Griff grown in Boluo, Huilai County in Guangdong Province and Lingshui County in Hainan Province were studied. Thirty-seven isolates obtained from Oryza rufipogon were identified as putative endophytic nitrogen-fixing bacteria by ARA （acetylene reduction assay） test and further confirmed by PCR amplification of nifH gene fragments. All obtained strains have ARA activity and the same sized nifH gene fragments. Above the similarity level of 80%, the obtained isolates were assigned as Group Ⅰ to Ⅷ by the clustering of IS-PCR fingerprints. The SDS-PAGE whole-cell protein patterns were similar to those of IS-PCR fingerprints. Components and contents of fatty acid methyl esters （FAMEs） were used to differentiate the representative strains （Ls13, Ls8, BL1, BL12, HL6, Ls4） from Group Ⅰ to Group Ⅵ. The six representative strains showed significant difference in contents and components of cellular fatty acid methyl ester. 16S rDNA sequencing analysis showed that strains of Group Ⅰ to Ⅶ were located in Enterobacteraceae （y-proteobacteria）. Strains of Group Ⅰ and Group Ⅱ were closely related to Klebsiella sp.; Strain Ls8 of Group Ⅱ was a little far away from the genus of Pantoea （homology level 96% with Pantoea agglomerans）, which may represent a new species or genus in Enterobacteraceae; Strains of Groups Ⅳ and Ⅴ belonged to different Enterobacter sp.; Strain Ls4 and Ls 9 representing Group Ⅵ were close to Citrobacter amalonaticus with 98% sequence similarity; Strain Ls15 of Group Ⅶ showed 98% sequence identity with Pantoea sp.; Strains of Group Ⅷ were assigned to the genus Ideonella （β-proteobacteria）. Based on the above results, endophytic diazotrophs isolated from O. rufipogon showed great diversity and some diazotrophs showed high nitrogenase activity with 42.52 μmol/mL. h C2H4. Inoculation to rice tests indicated that the isolated endophytic diazotrophs significantly promoted the rice growth.     

Analysis of IGF2 mRNA expression and its methylation status between cattle yaks and their parents

Cattle yaks are an F1 hybrid between cattle and yaks and exhibit significant hybrid vigor. However, cattle yaks are sterile males. To study the epigenetic aspects of this reproductive isolation, IGF2 mRNA expression in cattle yaks and their parents and the patterns of the IGF2 differentially methylated regions (DMR) were examined in blood and testes. The results showed that IGF2 expression in cattle yaks’ testes was lower than in their parents (P < 0.01). The IGF2 DMR was highly methylated (above 90%) in blood and testes of cattle yaks, yaks and cattle, with the highest level in cattle yaks (P > 0.05). Our study showed that IGF2 plays an important role in bovine spermatogenesis and might be involved in cattle-yak male sterility. The methylation level of the IGF2 DMR was irrelevant to the lower expression of IGF2 in cattle yaks; other factors perhaps play roles in its expression.     

The Distribution of a CP-asymmetric quantity in the decay channel J / Ψ → π + π ? π 0

The distribution of a CP-asymmetric quantityA in the decay channelJ/ψ→π ⁺ π ⁻ π ⁰ is investigated. This dimensionless quantityA is constructed from the momenta of the π-meson final states, namely A=P _x ^{π +} P _y ^{π −} -P _x ^{π −} P _y ^{π −}, whereP _h,P _x ^h andP _y ^h are the module of the momentum of a hadron h, the x- and y-components of that momentum respectively, theJ/ψ particle is produced by e⁺ e⁻ collision, and the direction of the momentum of e⁺ is taken to be the positive direction ofz axis. There would exists the violation under the combined transformation of charge conjugation and space reflection (CP violation) when the average ofA among a lot of events, 〈A〉, be examined to be nonzero clearly from data. In this way, 748 events are selected from the BES experimental data, and analyzed. The corresponding averageA-value is measured to be 〈A〉 = 0.010 39 ± 0.014 61 ± 0.015 2. Further, some discussion of our result, the size of the data sample being need for further attempt and a possible perspective are given.     

Subcellular localization and inductive expression of the dsRNA-dependent protein kinase PKR from Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus

The double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-dependent protein kinase (PKR) belongs to the eIF2α kinase family and plays a critical role in interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral response. Recently, in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), a PKR gene has been identified. In this study, we showed that PoPKR localized to the cytoplasm, and the dsRNA-binding motifs (dsRBMs) played a determinative role in protein localization. In cultured FEC cells, PoPKR was detected at a low level of constitutive expression but was highly induced after treatment with UV-inactivated grass carp hemorrhagic virus, active SMRV and Poly I:C although with different expression kinetics. In flounder, PoPKR was ubiquitously distributed in all tested tissues, and SMRV infection resulted in significant upregulation at mRNA and protein levels. In order to reveal the role of PoPKR in host antiviral response, its expression upon exposure to various inducers was characterized and further compared with that of PoHRI, which is another eIF2α kinase of flounder. Interestingly, expression comparison revealed that all inducers stimulated upregulation of PoHRI in cultured flounder embryonic cells and fish, with a similar kinetics to PoPKR but to a less extent. These results suggest that, during antiviral immune response, both flounder eIF2α kinases might play similar roles and that PoPKR is the predominant kinase.     

肝癌细胞能量代谢中三种酶活力的比较研究

对健康小鼠肝细胞，实验性肝癌小鼠肝细胞及肝癌实体瘤细胞中的琥珀酸脱氢酶，乳酸脱氢酶和细胞色素氧化活力进行测定，发现：１）与健康鼠肝细胞比较，肝癌细胞中琥珀酸脱氢比活力显著降低（Ｐ〈０．０１），乳酸脱氢酶，细胞色素氧化酶比活力显著升高（Ｐ〈０．０１）。２）与正常肝细胞比较，荷瘤小鼠肝细胞中乳酸脱氢酶，细胞色素氧化酶比活力显著升高（Ｐ〈０．０１）。琥珀酸脱氢酶比活力无明显变化（Ｐ〉０．０５）。结果提示     

Early Renal Morphological Changes in High-Cholesterol Diet Rats Model

In rats fed with high-cholesterol （HC） chow, the renal specimens were investigated by microscopy and enzymehistochemistry. The levels of serum lipids, 24 h urinary protein excretion （ UPE ）, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase （NAG） and Nitric Oxide （NO） were evaluated. Histological examination showed cell swelling, break-down and massive lipid deposition in renal tubules; perivascular and interstitial cell infiltration and mesangial cell proliferation. Enzymehistochemistry demonstrated that lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） activity in proximal tubular epithelial cells increased but succino dehydrogenase （SDH） activity decreased. The NO level in serum, urine and renal cortex were all decreased （p〈0.01）. Urinary NO, was negatively correlated with urinary NAG and UPE （r is -0. 525, 0. 529 respectively, p〈0.01）. This study shows that a HC diet can induce the early morphological changes in the whole kidney, particularly in the renal tubules. The decrease of NO is associated with the pathogenesis of hypercholesterolemia-induced renal injury.     

Heterologous expression of amylase gene from Saccharomycopsis fibuligera in an industrial strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

An α-amylase encoding gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction fromSaccharomycopsis fibuligera and inserted into a shuttle vector YEp352, together with the yeast phosphoglycerate kinase 1 promoter and α-factor signal gene. The recombinant expression plasmid pLA8α was transformed into an industrial strain ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae Sc-11. The activity of the α-amylase produced by the transformant Sc-11-pLA8α was 6.3 U/mL and the starch utilization rate in YPS medium was 42%. The purified amylase was analyzed by SDS-PAGE, showing a molecular weight of 55×10³ protein band. Furthermore, the residual sugar, ethanol and some volatile compounds in the fermented worts under simulating brewing conditions were determined by chromatographic analyses. The fermentation characteristics of Sc-11-pLA8α were similar to that of Sc-11 and only minor changes in the concentration of flavor compounds could be observed. Foundation item: Supported by the National Tenth Five-Year Hi-Technique Project (2001BA708B05-04). Biography: LIU Zeng-ran (1964-), fenale, Ph. D., research, direction: food and biotechnology.     

Heat protective role and mechanism of heat shock protein Hpc60

A cytosolic heat shock protein named Hpc6O has been purified by iMmunoaffinity chromatography from pea leaves and its function has been examinedin vitro. Results show that Hpc6O may suppress the aggregation of luciferase (LUC), protect lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) from thermal inactivation. It also shows that Mg²⁺, ATP and pH affect the protective function of Hpc60 in different manners.     

Community structure of β-Proteobacterial ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in prawn farm sediment

To examine the community structure of β-Proteobacterial ammonia-oxidizing bacteria （AOB） in prawn farm sediment, the 16S rRNA gene library was constructed with β-Proteobacterial AOB-specific primers. The library was screened by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism （RFLP） analysis and clones with unique RFLP patterns were sequenced. Two groups of β-Proteobacterial AOB, the Nitrosomonas and the Nitrosospira, were detected. The Nitrosomonas occupied an absolute dominant position, accounting for more than 90% of total clones in the clone library, while the Nitrosospira accounting for 5.48%. Nitrosomonas-affiliated clones were grouped into the Nitrosomonas marina and the Nitrosomonas sp. Nm143 clusters, and Nitrosospira-affiliated clones were grouped into the Nitrosospira cluster 1. No other clusters of β-Proteobacterial AOB were found. The results enriched our knowledge of AOB diversity in the prawn farm sediment and provided important foundational data for further functional studies of these microbes in mariculture environments.     

直径图为11圈的7距离集研究

如果平面点集X中的任意两点确定的互异距离数为k,则称X为k距离集。用d(x,y)表示平面上互异两点x,y之间的距离,记X中的最大距离为直径D=D(X)。直径图DG(XD)是由X中所有直径构成的图,XD表示其顶点集。讨论了当X是一个7距离集时,直径图DG(XD)的构型。利用DG(XD)中最多包含一个圈,且只能为奇圈的特性,以及直径所具有的特殊性,证得当直径图为11圈时,其顶点集XD恰好为某正十一边形的顶点集。     

Availability and toxicity of Fe(II) and Fe(III) in Caco-2 cells

The objective of the present study was to compare the toxicity and availability of Fe(II) and Fe(III) to Caco-2 cells. Cellular damage was studied by measuring cell proliferation and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. The activities of two major antioxidative enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)] and differentiation marker (alkaline phosphatase) were determined after the cells were exposed to different levels of iron salts. The cellular iron concentration was investigated to evaluate iron bioavailability. The results show that iron uptake of the cells treated with Fe(II) is significantly higher than that of the cells treated with Fe(III) (P<0.05). Fe(II) at a concentration >1.5 mmol/L was found to be more effective in reducing cellular viability than Fe(III). LDH release investigation suggests that Fe(II) can reduce stability of the cell membrane. The activities of SOD and GPx of the cells treated with Fe(II) were higher than those of the cells treated with Fe(III), although both of them increased with raising iron supply levels. The results indicate that both Fe(II) and Fe(III) could reduce the cellular antioxidase gene expression at high levels.     

PEG-g-poly（aspartamide-co-N,N-dimethylethylenediamino aspartamide）： Synthesis, characterization and its application as a drug delivery system

PEG-g-poly(aspartamide-co-N,N-dimethylethylenediamino aspartamide) (PEG-DMEDA-PASP) was synthesized by two-step ring-opening reactions of polysuccinimide (PSI) with α-methoxy-ω-amino-poly(ethylene glycol) and N,N-dimethylethylenediamine. The polymer structure was confirmed by ¹H NMR and FT-IR. The resultant PEG-DMEDA-PASP with ammonium glycyrrhizinate (AMG) could form polymeric micelles in aqueous solution. The results of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements revealed that these polymeric micelles were spherical particles with a narrow diameter distribution and that their average diameter was ca. 70 nm. These polymeric micelles had high-loading capacity (58%) and encapsulation efficiency (70%) for AMG. The results of in vitro release experiments showed that these polymeric micelles possessed sustained-release effects, with a release rate of 25% within 3 h and 90% within 24 h.     

Efficient transformation and expression of gfp gene in the edible mushroom Pleurotus nebrodensis

An efficient transformation method mediated by PEG-protoplasts was developed for the newly commercial edible mushroom Pleurotus nebrodensis. Two plasmids were used to co-transform protoplasts of P. nebrodensis. One plasmid is pAN7-1 containing a positive selectable marker gene hph conferring hygromycin B resistance. Another plasmid is pBlue-GFP containing a reporter gene gfp conferring green fluorescent protein. PCR and Southern blot analysis showed that hph gene or/and gfp gene were integrated into the genome of P. nebrodensis transformants. The transformation efficiency of the positive selectable marker gene hph was 3 transformants per microgram of plasmid pAN7-1 DNA, which was about 30 times higher than that previously reported in thoroughly studied Pleurotus species such as Pleurotus ostreatus. The transformation efficiency of the reporter gene gfp was 9 transformants per microgram of plasmid pBlu-GFP DNA. The co-transformation efficiency was 23.68%. This is the first report that a ＂reporter＂ gene, green fluorescent protein gene can be successfully stably exoressed in this Pleurotus species.