四川泡菜乳酸菌的分离鉴定及其特性研究

以6种四川泡菜汁为材料,分离到11株菌,均为革兰氏阳性菌株,接触酶实验呈阴性.从中筛选出一株产酸能力强、生长速度快的菌株,菌株编号为0708262-1.采用乳酸定性分析测出该菌发酵产物为乳酸.之后经Biolog微生物鉴定仪进一步鉴定,确定该菌株为Lactococcus lactis.该菌株的最适生长pH 为5～7,最适生长温度为30 ℃,最适生长盐浓度为0～5%.     

西藏传统发酵牛乳乳酸菌的鉴定及发酵性能测定

目的研究西藏地区传统的发酵牛乳中乳酸菌的菌属以及其相关性能。方法以西藏拉萨当雄县、那曲比如县、昌都八宿县、山南扎囊县以及日喀则江孜县五个地区采集的传统发酵牛乳为研究对象进行鉴定和性能测试分析。结果分析结果发现其中德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种1株,干酪乳杆菌3株,植物乳杆菌1株。通过对分离菌株抑菌性能的测试,发现5株菌都能抑制革兰氏阳性菌,但s012—2菌株对革兰氏阴性菌也有抑制作用。在对菌株产酸、生长速率的测试中发现只有s007—2产酸及生长速率都较慢,几乎不生长。S017—1在8～10h几乎不生长,10～14h产酸和生长较快,其余3个菌株的生长及产酸都在8～16h最快,在16＂~20h处于稳定期。结论通过对西藏不同牧区传统发酵牛乳中分离得到的菌株进行鉴定和发酵性能的测试,对以后设定最优发酵工艺或是将优势菌种应用于食品工业均具有重要意义。     

西藏传统发酵牛乳乳酸菌的鉴定及发酵性能测定

目的研究西藏地区传统的发酵牛乳中乳酸菌的菌属以及其相关性能。方法以西藏拉萨当雄县、那曲比如县、昌都八宿县、山南扎囊县以及日喀则江孜县五个地区采集的传统发酵牛乳为研究对象进行鉴定和性能测试分析。结果分析结果发现其中德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种1株,干酪乳杆菌3株,植物乳杆菌1株。通过对分离菌株抑菌性能的测试,发现5株菌都能抑制革兰氏阳性菌,但s012-2菌株对革兰氏阴性菌也有抑制作用。在对菌株产酸、生长速率的测试中发现只有s007-2产酸及生长速率都较慢,几乎不生长。S017-1在8~10h几乎不生长,10~14h产酸和生长较快,其余3个菌株的生长及产酸都在8~16h最快,在16~20h处于稳定期。结论通过对西藏不同牧区传统发酵牛乳中分离得到的菌株进行鉴定和发酵性能的测试,对以后设定最优发酵工艺或是将优势菌种应用于食品工业均具有重要意义。     

内蒙古双峰驼乳及乳制品中乳杆菌的分离及其

本实验主要对11份双峰骆驼乳样品进行了乳酸杆菌的分离和生物学特性的研究。将分离到的16株革兰氏阳性、过氧化氢酶试验阴性杆菌,分别鉴定为Lactobacilluscasei subsp. casei(5株)、Lactobacillus plantarum(4株)和Lactobacillus delbruekii subsp.lactis等同型发酵乳杆菌和2株异型发酵乳杆菌(AZ41-1和AZ44-1)。多数菌株为15℃生长良好,以中温性菌株占优势。脱脂乳中产酸量较低。     

牦牛源产细菌素的乳酸菌的筛选鉴定

为筛选优良的产细菌素乳酸菌,用含0.5%碳酸钙的MRS固体培养基从19份牦牛粪便样本中分离出91株乳酸菌,进一步采用牛津杯法筛选产细菌素的乳酸菌,并结合16S rRNA序列扩增测序鉴定该批乳酸菌.结果表明:在排除有机酸、过氧化氢等抑菌因素后,从91株乳酸菌中筛选到9株对大肠杆菌ATCC25922和金葡球菌ATCC25923有明显抑制作用的乳酸菌菌株,该9株菌株对蛋白酶敏感,初步认定为产细菌素乳酸菌;经16S rRNA序列扩增测序鉴定该9株菌分别为海氏肠球菌,屎肠球菌,蒙氏肠球菌株和植物乳杆菌,其对常见抗生素不耐药,可作为益生菌的候选菌株.     

酸浆豆腐中产酸菌的耐高温紫外诱变

乳酸菌在食品及食品发酵行业具有广泛的应用,其中以乳酸菌发酵酸浆作为凝固剂的酸浆豆腐已逐渐成为人们关注的热点。酸浆豆腐发酵过程中以乳酸菌为优势菌,在酸浆豆腐点浆时,需在75℃以上高温下进行。普通乳酸菌无法耐受此温度且大量失活,影响产品的后熟。为了开发耐高温乳酸菌,以课题组从云南建水豆腐酸浆中分离的菌株为出发菌,通过紫外诱变的方式,温度梯度筛选获得4株耐高温产酸性能好的菌株。诱变获得4株菌均可在75℃耐高温30 min并保持较好的活性和产酸效果。研究所得突变菌株相比原始菌株均具有更好的耐热性和产酸性。其中HCUL 1.1801-1912Z活性最强、产酸能力最好,为4株菌中最优菌株,将该菌株用于发酵生产酸浆豆腐,将显著提高乳酸菌在豆腐中的活性和豆腐的品质。     

青藏高原地区小麦附生乳酸菌多样性的初步研究

收集青藏高原不同地点的13份样品,通过乳酸菌的生理生化特征结合16S rRNA基因序列分析和rec A基因分析的方法,对分离到的乳酸菌进行基因分型和菌种鉴定.结果表明,小麦样品中分离的乳酸菌被归为6个属,分别为Lactobacillus、Lactococcus、Streptococcus、Leuconostoc、Pediococcus和Enterococcus;9个种或亚种,即Lb.plantarum(0.017%)、L.garvieae(29.74%)、S.pseudopneumoniae(0.08%)、Ln.mesenteroides subsp.mesenteroides(14.08%)、Ln.lactis(0.008%)、Ln.holzapfelii(52.48%)、P.pentosaceus(3.49%)、E.gallinarum(0.003%)和E.mundtii(0.069%).无论是茎叶还是根系土壤中,都存在数量极多的大肠杆菌和好氧性细菌,大部分小麦样品中都存在数量可观的酵母菌和芽孢杆菌,少数样品中有少量梭菌属存在,而对乳酸菌的分离鉴定则表明青藏地区小麦样品附着乳酸菌类群多样,且大部分附生于小麦茎叶组织,从根系土壤中分离到的乳酸菌数量和类型相对较少.分离的乳酸菌中球型乳酸菌占绝大多数,最多的为Ln.holzapfelii.     

抑制酸奶后酸化产细菌素乳酸菌的筛选及其产细菌素条件优化

乳酸菌所产细菌素是一种绿色、安全以及高效的天然抑菌物质,但产细菌素乳酸菌数量有限、产量低及价格昂贵等因素极大限制了细菌素的集约化应用.从传统发酵食品分离的16株乳酸菌中,通过微孔板法和琼脂扩散法筛选出一株具有明显抑菌效果的乳酸乳球菌株Q13,通过酸排除试验、过氧化氢排除试验、蛋白酶酶解试验和稳定性试验研究该菌株所产抑菌物质的生物学特性;对菌株产细菌素的发酵条件进行响应面优化,并对细菌素进行了初步应用试验.结果表明,菌株Q13所产抑菌物质是一种具有热稳定性和酸碱稳定性的蛋白类物质;其最优发酵条件为接种量1.4%、发酵初始pH 8.0、发酵温度27.5℃,此条件下,细菌素效价最高,可达618 AU/mL,比优化前200 AU/mL提高了3倍;Q13所产细菌素的后期添加可有效抑制酸奶后酸化,延缓酸奶酸度增加.该研究可为细菌素的工业化应用提供理论数据支撑.     

保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌在羊奶中的发酵特性研究

对从商业乳酸菌发酵剂分离纯化的8株乳酸菌在羊奶中的发酵特性进行了研究,结果表明:L.b-300和L.b-800菌株的产酸能力较强,S.t-499菌株的产黏能力较强,L.b-300和S.t-800菌株的产香能力较强,8株乳酸菌的后酸化能力均较弱.L.b-300和S.t-499菌株是适合发酵羊奶酸奶的乳酸菌.     

干酪乳杆菌IMAU10041抗甜瓜枯萎病菌的作用及理化性质

从60株乳酸菌中筛选出22株具有抗甜瓜枯萎病菌活性的乳酸菌菌株,其中9株具有较强抗甜瓜枯萎病菌活性.对这9株乳酸菌的抗植物致病真菌谱进行研究发现,9株菌对番茄早疫病菌(Alternaria solani)、甜瓜疫霉菌(Phytophthora drechsleri Tucker)、苹果炭疽病菌(Glomerella cingulate)、灰葡萄孢霉菌(Botrytis cinerea)的生长均有抑制作用.其中干酪乳杆菌IMAU10041对甜瓜枯萎病菌具有较强的抑制作用,并且对甜瓜疫霉和番茄早疫病菌有较高的抑菌活性.分别经过调节pH、加热、蛋白酶处理干酪乳杆菌IMAU10041的发酵滤液后,发现干酪乳杆菌IMAU10041发酵液具有一定的热稳定性;在pH 4.0时具有最大抑菌活性,在碱性条件下抑菌活性迅速失活;发酵液经胰蛋白酶、中性蛋白、蛋白酶K处理后失去部分抑菌活性,这表明干酪乳杆菌IMAU10041发酵液中可能含有一定的蛋白类抑菌物质.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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